Characterization of Inherent Materials of San Antonio Altarpiece in San Roque Church, Campeche

2014 ◽  
Vol 1618 ◽  
pp. 153-160
Author(s):  
Leticia Jiménez ◽  
Diana E. Arano ◽  
José L. Ruvalcaba ◽  
Fanny Unikel
Keyword(s):  
Seventeenth Century ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
San Francisco ◽  
San Antonio ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Metal Sheets ◽  
Golden Color ◽  
The City

ABSTRACTThe altarpiece dedicated to San Antonio de Padua was made of wood assembled and self-supporting structure attached to the wall. It is a straight plant altarpiece designed to withstand sculptures. This master piece belongs to the a set of Baroque altarpieces preserved in the state of Campeche and is located in San Roque Church in the City of San Francisco de Campeche, Mexico. This altarpiece was decorated following the traditional technique of the seventeenth century in Mexico, a technique derived from Spain. According to literature sources we know that the strata are the wood, the imprimatura, the pictorial strata and metal sheets that make the golden color and corladuras. The characterization of the constituent materials was of great importance for the interpretation of the constructions system and manufacture of the decoration. The present study shows the results of analysis techniques such as optical microscopy, Particle Induce X Ray Emission (PIXE), and X Ray Florescence Spectroscopy (XRF) and interpretation of the different layers constituting the altarpiece of San Antonio.

scholarly journals Characterization of secondary deposits of columbite-tantalite minerals found in the city of Rorainópolis (RR), Brazil

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 450-468
Author(s):  
Anna Caroline Andrade Pinto ◽  
Tiago Felipe Arruda Maia
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Geological Mapping ◽  
Mineral Deposits ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
The City ◽  
Petrographic Description

Many of the studies about mineral deposits are bringing great information to the scientific community, providing, for example, general characteristics of these deposits, possible source areas and its used in some cases as prospective tools to help in geological mapping. In this way, this study aimed to characterize the alluvial secondary deposits of columbite-tantalite that were found near vicinal 12, about 50km north/northeast of Rorainópolis city, between the BR-174 and BR-210 roads, in the state of Roraima (Brazil), bases on 4 samples that were brought by a resident of the region. To fulfill these objectives, some chemical and mineralogical methods were performed, like: magnetic separation, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and petrographic description. The deposits of the region end up being characterized by having a large amount of Fe and Ti (mostly), containing in some places also a large concentration of Niobium and Tantalum. Not all samples have columbite-tantalite, showing that their concentration in some areas of the deposit is quite low. There are samples with less than 1% Nb and Ta and also samples with more than 20% Nb and 6% Ta concentration. These minerals were poorly transported, being identified by the degree of roundness and granulometry of the samples. A weathering cap on some minerals could also be verified. This research work turned out to be relevant, as it provides new data that add to the knowledge of the mineral potential, which has not been fully explored yet.

scholarly journals Microstructural characterization of snow, firn and ice

2019 ◽  
Vol 377 (2146) ◽  
pp. 20180162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Baker
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Theme Issue ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Future ◽  
Microscopy Techniques

This paper provides an overview of techniques used to characterize the microstructure of snow, firn and ice. These range from traditional optical microscopy techniques such as examining thin sections between crossed polarizers to various electron-optical and X-ray techniques. Techniques that could have an impact on microstructural characterization of snow, firn and ice in the future are briefly outlined. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The physics and chemistry of ice: scaffolding across scales, from the viability of life to the formation of planets’.

Characterization of Porous SiC Substrates and of the Epilayer Structures Grown on Them

2002 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balaji Raghothamachar ◽  
Jie Bai ◽  
William M. Vetter ◽  
Perena Gouma ◽  
Michael Dudley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dislocation Density ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Epitaxial Growth ◽  
Screw Dislocation ◽  
Pore Morphology ◽  
Porous Substrate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Porous Sic ◽  
Screw Dislocation Density

ABSTRACTPorous 6H-SiC and 4H-SiC wafers formed by anodization have been characterized in this study prior to and following the CVD deposition of SiC epitaxial layers, using a combination of synchrotron white beam x-ray topography (SWBXT), SEM, TEM and optical microscopy. Under the high temperatures employed during epitaxial growth, a significant change in pore morphology occurs. While no evidence of reduced screw dislocation density in the epilayers is obtained, a small tilt of the epilayers with respect to the porous substrate observed on x-ray topographs could play a role in limiting penetration of defects from the substrate.

Advanced Micro-chemical Investigation of Golden Threads from Romanian Byzantine Embroideries by Micro-Particle Induced X-ray Emission (micro-PIXE)

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1956-1959
Author(s):  
Zizi Ileana Balta ◽  
Ioana Demetrescu ◽  
Irina Petroviciu ◽  
Mihai Lupu
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Depth Profiling ◽  
Composition Distribution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Constituent Elements ◽  
Elemental Maps

In the present study, golden threads from two, apparently identical, medieval epitrachelions considered masterpieces of the Romanian Byzantine embroidery art, were investigated by using Micro-Particle Induced X-ray Emission (micro-PIXE) and optical microscopy. PIXE measurements allowed to accurate identify the elemental composition, distribution of the trace elements, the layered structures (depth profiling) and thicknesses of the gold layer. Useful information for the characterization of the gilded silver threads due to elemental maps concerning the constituent elements spatial distribution in the sample was also obtained.

scholarly journals Characterization of the Molecular Crystal L-Alaninium Oxalate by Raman Microscopy, Optical Microscopy and X-ray Powder Diffraction

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1688-1689
Author(s):  
F. J. Carrillo-Pesqueira ◽  
R. C. Carrillo-Torres ◽  
O. Hernández-Negrete ◽  
M. E. Alvarez-Ramos ◽  
J. Hernández-Paredes
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Powder Diffraction ◽  
Molecular Crystal ◽  
Raman Microscopy ◽  
X Ray

scholarly journals Microstructural characterization of ceramic artifacts made using the raku technique

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e6910917755
Author(s):  
Wilton Antônio Machado Junior ◽  
Maria Gabriela Araujo Ranieri ◽  
Rosinei Batista Ribeiro ◽  
Jorge Luiz Rosa ◽  
Adilson da Silva Mello
Keyword(s):  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Microstructural Characterization ◽  
Linear Shrinkage ◽  
Plastic Behavior ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Clay Ceramics ◽  
The City ◽  
Scanning Electron

This study was carried out at the atelier “Adamas”, located in the city of Cunha, in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The objective is to characterize the physical and mechanical properties of ceramics made using the raku technique in the Adamas atelier. As a methodology, the specimens were submitted to the following tests: Scanning Electron     Microscopy (SEM), X-ray Energy Dispersion Spectroscopy (EDS), mass loss and linear shrinkage. It was observed that the specimens were mainly composed of silicon and aluminum, which is typical of ceramics made with kaolinitic clays, possessing a plastic behavior for molding and after firing refractory. Therefore, ceramic artifacts made through the raku technique have typical chemical and physical characteristics of clay ceramics, proper adhesion of the glaze even when there are crackles originated purposely from the process, which causes the artistic artifact appropriate characteristics for use and appreciation.

Characterization of Machining Damages Generated by a Piercing Process in CFRP Laminates

2015 ◽  
Vol 656-657 ◽  
pp. 185-190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shingo Ueshiba ◽  
Keiji Ogi ◽  
Yutaka Shigematsu ◽  
Kei Saito
Keyword(s):  
Elevated Temperature ◽  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Fiber Direction ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cfrp Laminates

This paper presents experimental examples of machining damages resulting from a piercing process in CFRP laminates. A circular perforation was formed in CFRP cross-ply specimen with a punch jig using different blade angles and two distinct dimensional conditions. Surface, cross-sectional, and internal changes to the CFRP specimens after the hole-punching were observed using optical microscopy and X-ray analysis to quantitatively evaluate damage, including delamination, around the perforation area. Results indicate that the optimum piercing is achieved when the blades are parallel to fiber direction at an elevated temperature with blade angles essentially irrelevant.

Mineralogical Characterization of Villa Reyes México Kaolin for Industrial Applications

2008 ◽  
Vol 569 ◽  
pp. 341-344
Author(s):  
F. Vázquez Acosta ◽  
Leticia M. Torres-Martínez ◽  
Lorena L. Garza-Tovar ◽  
A. Martínez-de la Cruz ◽  
Wallter López González
Keyword(s):  
Optical Microscopy ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
Volcanic Glass ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Al2o3 Content ◽  
Mineralogical Characterization ◽  
X Ray

A kaolin obtained from a region near to San Luis Potosí (México) was characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (DRX), optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray fluorescence (XRF), thermal analysis (DTA/TGA), and chemical analysis. Mineralogical and morphological characteristics of the mineral are presented. The kaolin sample was formed mainly by kaolinite, but other minor phases were also detected such as quartz, cristobalite, trydimite, and dolomite. For iron lixiviation process, concentrate HCl was employed. The high content of volcanic glass detected, evidenced by optical microscopy, revealed an incomplete kaolinization process of the raw material. In agreement with these results, X-ray fluorescence analysis showed high- SiO2 and low-Al2O3 content in the sample as is expected on weakly kaolinized materials.

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