Methodology for Measurement of Residual Stress in Welded Joints by the Technique of Pulse-Echo Ultrasound

2014 ◽  
Vol 1616 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ballesteros-Hinojosa ◽  
J.J. Ruíz- Mondragón ◽  
J. Acevedo-Dávila ◽  
F. Macias-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ultrasound Technique ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X65 Steel ◽  
Api 5L X65 Steel ◽  
Pulse Echo ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Non Destructive Techniques

ABSTRACTRecently they have discovered a large number of oil wells, however these are found in deeper waters. So it is necessary to develop a repair's methodology and inspection for this type of system to prove its operation. This research was focused to establish a methodology for evaluating residual stress generated from the application of solder in a subsea environment, in order to establish whether there is a relationship between residual stress and the depth of the sea. For this purpose was used underwater electrodes (UW -CS- 1) and an API 5L X65 steel to the development of underwater welds, which was welded at 10 and 15 meters depth by a diver welder on site. The measurement of residual stress is developed using non-destructive techniques, the first one was ultrasound technique (UT) which was the technique proposed by viability to being applied in site and as a second option, was applied X-ray diffraction (XRD), with the objective to validate the results obtained by ultrasound technician. The results showed a similar behavior between both non-destructive techniques. In this study was observed the tendency to increase the level of residual stress with increasing the work depth.

X-Ray Diffraction Determination of Metallurgical Damage in Turbo Blower Rotor Shafts

1988 ◽  
Vol 142 ◽  
Author(s):  
John F. Porter ◽  
Dan O. Morehouse ◽  
Mike Brauss ◽  
Robert R. Hosbons ◽  
John H. Root ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Turbo Blower ◽  
Diffraction Determination ◽  
Defence Research ◽  
Stress Profiles ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractStudies have been ongoing at Defence Research Establishment Atlantic on the evaluation of non-destructive techniques for residual stress determination in structures. These techniques have included neutron diffraction, x-ray diffraction and blind-hole drilling. In conjunction with these studies, the applicability of these procedures to aid in metallurgical and failure analysis investigations has been explored. The x-ray diffraction technique was applied to investigate the failure mechanism in several bent turbo blower rotor shafts. All examinations had to be non-destructive in nature as the shafts were considered repairable. It was determined that residual stress profiles existed in the distorted shafts which strongly indicated the presence of martensitic microstuctures. These microstructures are considered unacceptable for these shafts due to the potential for cracking or in-service residual stress relaxation which could lead to future shaft distortion.

Non-destructive Surface Residual Stress Profiling by Multireflection Grazing Incidence X-Ray Diffraction: a 7050 Al Alloy Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 475-480
Author(s):  
V. A. N. Righetti ◽  
T. M. B. Campos ◽  
L. B. Robatto ◽  
R. R. Rego ◽  
G. P. Thim
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Grazing Incidence ◽  
Al Alloy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Surface Residual Stress ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive

Study of residual stresses in A7N01 aluminum alloy with X-ray diffraction Debye ring analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (01n03) ◽  
pp. 1940032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhu ◽  
Guoqing Gou ◽  
Zhaofu Li ◽  
Minhao Zhu ◽  
Zhongyin Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Welding Residual Stress ◽  
Test Results ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Debye Ring ◽  
Size Stability ◽  
Ring Analysis

The welding residual stress has different effects on the mechanical properties of aluminum alloy welded joints, such as size stability, fatigue strength and stress corrosion cracking. Therefore, it is very important to evaluate the welding residual stress accurately. In this paper, the residual stress of A7N01 aluminum alloy welded joints was measured by X-ray diffraction. In contrast to the traditional method, the cos[Formula: see text] method was used in this paper, the results were compared with those obtained by the conventional [Formula: see text] method. In addition, the influence of oscillation unit on the test results of the cos[Formula: see text] method was studied.

Modification of Microstrucure and Residual Stress on Friction Welding Surface of Titanium Alloy by Water-Jet Cavitation Peening

2011 ◽  
Vol 317-319 ◽  
pp. 429-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong Ying Ju ◽  
Xin Mao Fu ◽  
Shun Na ◽  
Bing Han ◽  
Xiao Hu Deng
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Compressive Residual Stress ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Water Jet ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Welding Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron

Water jet cavitation peening is applied to improve the strength and mechanical properties of the friction-welded joints of titanium alloys. Scanning electron microscopy observations of the microstructure of the welded joints and welded area before/after water jet cavitation peening confirm slip dislocation at the microstructure near the surface of the specimens. The residual stress on the surface of the welded joint is measured by X-ray diffraction. The results indicate the effect of peening time on the strength of compressive residual stress.

Technology development for in-situ measurement of residual stress in arc welded joints of MDN 250 by portable Cosα X-ray diffraction method

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110590
Author(s):  
Bibin Jose ◽  
Manikandan Manoharan ◽  
Arivazhagan Natarajan
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Quantitative Estimation ◽  
Diffraction Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Metallic Component ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Stress Measurements

Residual stresses are inherent stresses that exist in engineering components even though no external load is applied. They are caused by the non-uniform volumetric shift of the metallic component during manufacturing processes. Welding is a key manufacturing technique that has a substantial impact on the economy since it is required for the production of a diverse variety of products used in the engineering sector. The residual stress primarily affects the stability, durability and performance of the welded joints. Hence its determination is of utmost importance. X-ray diffraction (XRD) is the most commonly used method for residual stress analysis. There are mainly two approaches for measuring residual stress using XRD; one is the sin2ψ method and the other is the cosα method. The residual stress measurements using the cosα method are handy, quick and convenient compared to the sin2ψ method. This method is well suited for welded joints, as it provides flexibility for testing immediately after the welding operation. Apart from residual stress measurements, the cosα method also gives valuable insights in the form of Debye-Scherrer (DS) rings and full width at half maximum. The present study focuses on the development of a novel technique that not only enables residual stress measurement but also provides a quantitative estimation of hardness and qualitative estimation of grain size without performing metallurgical or mechanical characterization. The material used for the present study is an arc-welded joint of MDN 250 grade maraging steel. The residual stress results show a compressive profile throughout the weldment, with a maximum value of compressive residual stress of 428 MPa at the fusion zone.

X-Bridge Project: Development of a New Methodology for the Monitoring of Steel Bridges

2012 ◽  
Vol 256-259 ◽  
pp. 1537-1541
Author(s):  
G.Paolo Marconi ◽  
Fabio Remondino ◽  
Belén Jiménez Fenández-Palacios ◽  
Marco Cozzini
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Fem Analysis ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Steel Bridges ◽  
Bridge Structure ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Small Areas ◽  
Non Destructive

The main aim of this paper is to describe the results obtained applying a new methodology developed in order to assess the presence of overloaded areas in steel bridges. The methodology is based on the principle that if the load applied (also just once) in a particular area is higher than the yield strength, it changes the residual stress in this area, inducing a different value of stress if compared with the other areas not overloaded. Using X-Ray diffraction it is possible to detect the value of residual stress on the surface of metals, also in small areas, in a non-destructive way. Therefore this technology is used to detect the presence of overloaded areas on steel bridges. As the areas sampled from X-Ray diffraction are very small (1-2 millimeters of diameter) compared with the dimensions of a bridge, it is necessary to know exactly the position of the areas subjected to the maximum load during the life of the bridge. For this reason FEM analysis are previously conducted in order to evaluate maximum load regions. The construction drawings necessary to perform the FEM analysis are not always available, especially for old bridges, therefore reality-based 3D models are created this problem. Such method is also useful by itself, as beside providing suitable drawings for the FEM analysis, it allows to quickly identify possible large deformations of the bridge structure.

The Use of Renka Cline Algorithm in X-Ray Diffraction Residual Stress Measurement

2014 ◽  
Vol 881-883 ◽  
pp. 1846-1850
Author(s):  
Chun Guang Li ◽  
Zhong Chen Dai ◽  
Zhong Huang Yun ◽  
Dong Feng Li ◽  
Xing Hua Cao
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Aluminum Alloy ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Reliable Method ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Residual Stress Measurement ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Longitudinal Residual Stress

Using the Renka Cline algorithm provided by OriginPro8.6 to fit the longitudinal residual stress through parts of the measurement value on the A7N01-T5 aluminum alloy butt welded joints compared with the whole measurement value. The result shows that the fitting value approximates the measurement value. The fitting value is reliable. So, Renka Cline algorithm is a reliable method to analyze the longitudinal residual stress on a plate region.

Recent x-ray diffraction studies of metal fatigue in Japan

1975 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 32-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Fatigue Strength ◽  
Fatigue Damage ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Stress And Strain ◽  
Metal Fatigue ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Future Developments ◽  
Non Destructive

This paper describes results of several recent studies, carried out in Japan, on metal-fatigue problems using X-ray diffraction techniques. The subjects covered are the effect of residual stress on fatigue strength, non-destructive detection of fatigue damage from information supplied by X-ray diffraction, and X-ray microbeam analysis of stress and strain near the tips of fatigue cracks and fracture surfaces. The usefulness of the X-ray approach to fatigue problems is emphasized and possible future developments are suggested.

scholarly journals An Expert System for the Validation and Interpretation of X-ray Residual Stress Data

1990 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 601-610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Tricard ◽  
Robert W. Hendricks ◽  
Marc Guillot
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Expert System ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Database Access ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Know How ◽  
Computer Assistance ◽  
Technical Features ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractAlthough widely recognized in the research community as one of the most accurate non-destructive methods for the determination of . residual stress in polycrystalline structural materials, x-ray diffraction has not been widely adopted in the field. This is partly due to the fact that such measurements require, most often, a well trained user with knowledge in both materials and mechanical sciences in addition to the specific know-how of the instrument. We believe that computer assistance could contribute to the promotion of this technique by increasing the productivity and accuracy of these measurements. We have developed a prototype expert system, using Nexpert Object's shell, to assist a non-trained operator in the validation and interpretation of X-ray diffraction residual stress data.The present work describes this prototype which has been designed to confirm the feasibility of the concept. Its knowledge base contains relevant examples of the rules necessary for data validation. The prototype has also confirmed most of the concepts required for the implementation of a full-scale version by evaluating all of the major technical features such as graphics representation, external routines and database access.

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