Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 using Supported Cu2O Catalysts

2013 ◽  
Vol 1542 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joel Bugayong ◽  
Gregory L. Griffin
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Ethanol Solution ◽  
Branch Points ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Major Hydrocarbon

ABSTRACTWe have studied the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to produce short chain hydrocarbons and alcohols using supported Cu2O electrocatalysts. The catalysts are prepared using Cu2O nanoparticles formed by chemical reduction of aqueous CuCl2 mixed with polyethylene glycol surfactant, followed by addition of NaOH and L-ascorbic acid (sodium). The nanoparticles are then added to a Nafion/ethanol solution and coated onto a carbon fiber support. When tested used for CO2 electroreduction at −1.5 V(NHE), the Cu2O particles are reduced to metallic Cu, but the hydrocarbon product distribution remains different from that reported for conventional metallic Cu electrodes. Ethylene is the major hydrocarbon produced, with a Faradaic efficiency around 25%, while the efficiency for CH4 formation is reduced to around 1%. The major alcohol product is ethanol, with a Faradaic efficiency around 6%. The relative formation rates of the individual products are discussed in terms of the relevant branch points in recent computational models for the overall reaction mechanism.

Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 using Copper Oxide Nanoparticles supported on Glassy Carbon Electrodes

2014 ◽  
Vol 1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory L. Griffin ◽  
Joel Bugayong
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Glassy Carbon ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Product Distribution ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
Copper Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Carbon Fiber Paper ◽  
Cu Foil ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

ABSTRACTWe have studied the electrochemical reduction of CO2 using Cu2O nanoparticles deposited on planar electrodes. Nanoparticles are prepared in aqueous solution by chemical reduction of CuCl2 using ascorbic acid with polyethylene glycol surfactant. The particles are then re-suspended in ethanol with added Nafion binder and brush-coated onto glassy carbon substrates. The CO2 electroreduction activity is measured in KHCO3 electrolyte under flowing CO2 using a two-compartment electrochemical cell. Product formation rates are determined using gas chromatography; major gas phase products include CO, H2, C2H4, and CH4, while liquid phase products include C2H5OH and 1-C3H5OH. The observed product distribution agrees with results obtained previously using similar Cu2O particles deposited on carbon fiber paper supports, as well as Cu2O catalysts prepared by electrodeposition or thermal oxidation. In particular, the catalysts produce a much higher ratio of C2H4 to CH4 than observed using polycrystalline Cu foil. The potential dependence of the formation rates for hydrocarbon and alcohol products is roughly two times greater than for H2 and CO formation. Both XRD and SEM measurements confirm the Cu2O nanoparticles undergo at least partial reduction to Cu metal under CO2 reduction conditions, accompanied by significant surface morphological changes. Thus the kinetic results are consistent with current models that the increased C2H4/CH4 ratio is due to the presence of a more open atomic structure on the freshly reduced Cu surfaces.

scholarly journals Electrochemical reduction of CO2 to ethylene on Cu/CuxO-GO composites in aqueous solution

RSC Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (30) ◽  
pp. 17572-17581
Author(s):  
Nusrat Rashid ◽  
Mohsin Ahmad Bhat ◽  
U. K. Goutam ◽  
Pravin Popinand Ingole
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Conversion Rate ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

Herein, we present fabrication of graphene oxide supported Cu/CuxO nano-electrodeposits which efficiently and selectively can electroreduce CO2 into ethylene with a faradaic efficiency of 34% and conversion rate of 194 mmol g−1 h−1 at −0.985 V vs. RHE.

scholarly journals Low-Overpotential Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formic Acid on Surface-Modified Doped Tin Oxide Pellets

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel Abdul ◽  
Jason Pitts ◽  
Deepak Rajput ◽  
Shankar Rananavare
Keyword(s):  
Formic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Aqueous Media ◽  
Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Electrode Potentials ◽  
Tin Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

Gas sensors fabricated with antimony doped tin oxide (ATO) nanomaterials exhibit remarkable sensitivity for detecting oxidizing and reducing gases. This study highlights the enhanced selectivity and stability of the porous ATO nanomaterial electrode made for electrochemical reduction of CO2 in aqueous media. During electrochemical reduction, these electrodes prepared from compressed powders tend to crumble within a few hours in aqueous media. To overcome this electrode disintegration effect, we modified the surface of the doped tin-Oxide nanoparticles with Nafion and a dipodal silane (1,2-Bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane). The electrode characterization studies include Cyclic Voltammetry (CV), and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). Scanning electron microscopic investigation of electrode surface morphology and roughness before and after electrochemical CO2 reduction for derivatized and underivatized electrode revealed lower surface roughness for former than the latter.The derivatized electrodes allowed CO2 electrochemical reduction at low overpotentials and high current density without any electrode crumbling over more than 24 hours of continuous operation. Formate/formic acid and methanol were the major products of reduction at electrode potentials ranging from -0.4 to -1.0V vs. RHE in the CO2 saturated 0.1M KHCO3 electrolyte. Higher current density and Faradaic Efficiency of formic acid was observed when compared to planar tin electrode materials and tin oxide nanoparticles deposited on FTO glass.

scholarly journals Arc Plasma Deposited Copper and Gold Nanoparticles on FTO Substrate for Electrochemical Reduction of CO2

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Plasma Deposition ◽  
Arc Plasma ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Electro Deposition ◽  
Electro Catalysis ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

A composite of copper and gold nanoparticles was deposited using arc plasma deposition on the conductive FTO substrate for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 . The use of arc plasma deposition system allows the nanoparticles to be implanted onto the substrate as opposed to the commonly used methods of vacuum deposition or electro deposition. This unique structure reduced the CO2 to produce formic acid with up to 60% faradaic efficiency. Copper and gold nanoparticles have never previously been reported to produce formic acid with such high efficiency, suggesting that the co-deposition technique of implanted nanoparticles can provide an interesting future avenue in the field of electrochemical reduction of CO2 . The surface analysis of the electrodes is presented here along with potential dependent faradaic efficiency of the electro catalysis.

scholarly journals Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Formate on Easily Prepared Carbon-Supported Bi Nanoparticles

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Ávila-Bolívar ◽  
Leticia García-Cruz ◽  
Vicente Montiel ◽  
José Solla-Gullón
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Carbon Paper ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Bismuth Nanoparticles ◽  
Electrode Potentials ◽  
Co2 Electroreduction ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Bi Nanoparticles

Herein, the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to formate on carbon-supported bismuth nanoparticles is reported. Carbon-supported Bi nanoparticles (about 10 nm in size) were synthesized using a simple, fast and scalable approach performed under room conditions. The so-prepared Bi electrocatalyst was characterized by different physicochemical techniques, including transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction and subsequently air-brushed on a carbon paper to prepare electrodes. These electrodes were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and also by cyclic voltammetry. Finally, CO2 electroreduction electrolyses were performed at different electrode potentials for 3 h. At the optimal electrode potential (−1.6 V vs AgCl/Ag), the concentration of formate was about 77 mM with a faradaic efficiency of 93 ± 2.5%. A 100% faradaic efficiency was found at a lower potential (−1.5 V vs AgCl/Ag) with a formate concentration of about 55 mM. In terms of stability, we observed that after about 70 h (in 3 h electrolysis experiments at different potentials), the electrode deactivates due to the gradual loss of metal as shown by SEM/EDX analyses of the deactivated electrodes.

Highly ordered mesoporous carbon/iron porphyrin nanoreactor for the electrochemical reduction of CO2

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (30) ◽  
pp. 14966-14974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaecheol Choi ◽  
Jeonghun Kim ◽  
Pawel Wagner ◽  
Jongbeom Na ◽  
Gordon G. Wallace ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Ordered Mesoporous Carbon ◽  
Iron Porphyrin ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Ordered Mesoporous ◽  
Conductive Substrate ◽  
Carbon Iron ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

A highly ordered mesoporous carbon having a large surface area is utilized as a conductive substrate to immobilize iron porphyrin catalysts for electrochemical CO2 reduction, resulting in the selective conversion of aqueous CO2 into CO with 92.1% faradaic efficiency.

scholarly journals Optimizing Temperature Treatment of Copper Hollow Fibers for the Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to CO

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
Khalid Khazzal Hummadi ◽  
Anne Sustronk ◽  
Recep Kas ◽  
Nieck Benes ◽  
Guido Mul
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Subsequent Treatment ◽  
Treatment Temperature ◽  
Hollow Fibers ◽  
Hydrogen Treatment ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Hydrogen Electrode ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Copper Particles ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

Copper hollow fibers were prepared via dry-wet spinning of a polymer solution of N-methylpyrrolidone, Polyetherimide, Polyvinyl Pyrolidone, and copper particles of sizes in the range of 1–2 µm. To remove template molecules and to sinter the copper particles, the time of calcination was varied in a range of 1–4 h at 600 °C. This calcination temperature was determined based on Thermal Gravimetric Analysis (TGA), showing completion of hydrocarbon removal at this temperature. Furthermore, the temperature of the subsequent treatment of the fibers in a flow of 4% H2 (in Ar) was varied in the range of 200 °C to 400 °C, at a fixed time of 1 h. Temperature programmed reduction experiments (TPR) were used to analyze the hydrogen treatment. The Faradaic Efficiency (FE) towards CO in electrochemical reduction of CO2 was determined at −0.45 V vs. RHE (Reversible Hydrogen Electrode), using a 0.3 M KHCO3 electrolyte. A calcination time of 3 h at 600 °C and a hydrogen treatment temperature of 280 °C were found to induce the highest FE to CO of 73% at these constant electrochemical conditions. Optimizing oxidation properties is discussed to likely affect porosity, favoring the CO2 gas distribution over the length of the fiber, and hence the CO2 reduction efficiency. Treatment in H2 in the range of 250 to 300 °C is proposed to affect the content of residual (subsurface) oxygen in Cu, which leads to favorable properties on the nanoscale.

scholarly journals CO2-Induced Fibrous Zn Catalyst Promotes Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to CO

Catalysts ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 477
Author(s):  
Mengquan Guo ◽  
Xiangxiang Li ◽  
Yuxin Huang ◽  
Linfa Li ◽  
Jixiao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Active Surface ◽  
Active Surface Area ◽  
Atmospheric Conditions ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Fibrous Morphology ◽  
Reduction Of Co2 ◽  
Area X

The electrochemical reduction of CO2 is a promising strategy to achieve efficient conversion and utilization. In this paper, a series of Zn catalysts were prepared by electrodeposition in different atmospheric conditions (N2, CO2, H2, CO). A fibrous Zn catalyst (Zn-CO2) exhibits high electrochemical activity and stability. The Zn-CO2 catalyst shows 73.0% faradaic efficiency of CO at −1.2 V vs. RHE and the selectivity of CO almost did not change over 6 h in −1.2 V vs. RHE. The excellent selectivity and stability is attributed to the novel fibrous morphology, which increases the electrochemical active surface area. X-ray diffraction (XRD) results show that Zn-CO2 catalyst has a higher proportion of Zn (101) crystal planes, which is considered to be conducive to the production of CO. The search further demonstrates the importance of morphology control for the preparation of highly active and stable catalysts.

scholarly journals Mo–Bi Bimetallic Chalcogenide Nanoparticles Supported on CNTs for the Efficient Electrochemical Reduction of CO2 to Methanol

Coatings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1142
Author(s):  
Chen Chi ◽  
Donghong Duan ◽  
Zhonglin Zhang ◽  
Guoqiang Wei ◽  
Yu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Reduction ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Reference Electrode ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Saturated Calomel Reference Electrode ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Faradaic Efficiency ◽  
Reduction Of Co2

The electrochemical reduction of CO2 to methanol is a promising strategy, which currently suffers from the poor catalytic activity, selectivity, and stability of the electrode. Here, we report a simple one-pot hydrothermal strategy to fabricate Mo–Bi BMC@CNT nanocomposites, in which Mo–Bi bimetallic chalcogenide nanoparticles were in-situ decorated on carbon nanotubes. The Mo–Bi BMC nanoparticles with an average particle size of 12 nm were uniformly supported on the surface of CNTs without aggregation into larger clusters. The Mo–Bi BMC@CNT nanocomposites exhibited a relatively good catalytic performance for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to methanol in a 60 wt.% 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate aqueous electrolyte. Among them, the Mo–Bi BMC@CNT-15% nanocomposite showed the highest Faradaic efficiency of 81% for methanol at −0.3 V vs. a saturated calomel reference electrode (SCE) and a stable current density is 5.6 mA cm−2 after a run time of 12 h. The excellent catalytic properties are likely attributed to its nanostructure and fast electron transfer. These derive from the synergistic effect of Mo–Bi and the high conductivity of CNTs. This work opens a way to provide an efficient catalytic system for the electroreduction of CO2 to methanol in industrial applications.

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