Modeling of In, Tl, Ga, Sb, and Pd as lanthanides binding agents in U-Zr metallic nuclear fuels

2012 ◽  
Vol 1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Bozzolo ◽  
Abdellatif M. Yacout ◽  
Gerard L. Hofman ◽  
H. O. Mosca

ABSTRACTAtomistic modeling is used to study the role of different alloying additions to metallic U-Zr nuclear fuels in terms of their ability to reduce lanthanide migration to the outer surface of the fuel and thus reduce their interaction with cladding. The Bozzolo-Ferrante-Smith (BFS) method for alloys is used to examine the behavior of each addition, the resulting phase structure, and the evolution of the fuel surface. Different behaviors are observed for each of the additives (In, Tl, Ga, Sb, Pd), all a result of the competition between the formation of bulk precipitates and the tendency of each additive to segregate to the surface. For each case, characteristic temperatures are determined indicating the range of temperatures in which each additive performs a different role. Sb and Pd additives are determined to be the most effective additions, properly balancing their ability to bind lanthanides in the fuel with their own segregating tendencies.

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (8) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Min Hu ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Eric Andrew Decker ◽  
David Julian McClements

Development ◽  
1970 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 95-108
Author(s):  
J. M. Augustine

The role of the ectoderm in the expansion of the mesoderm in the area vasculosa of the chicken embryo was studied. The basement membrane of the ectoderm was found to constitute a substratum for the expansion of both layers of mesoderm, since (a) the somatic mesoderm, particularly at its margin, adheres to the basement membrane, and (b) the somatic and splanchnic mesoderm adhere to each other throughout most of the area opaca. Following removal of the ectoderm from the outer surface of the basement membrane, movement of the underlying mesoderm along its inner surface stopped. Mean expansion of the mesoderm in these cases was zero. Following removal of both ectoderm and basement membrane, expansion of the underlying mesoderm was normal in amount. Experimental changes in the ectodermal substratum can thus stop movement of the associated mesoderm, but the role which the substratum normally plays in mesodermal expansion remains unclear.


Author(s):  
P. F. Cuevas-González ◽  
A. F. González-Córdova ◽  
B. Vallejo-Cordoba ◽  
J. E. Aguilar-Toalá ◽  
F. G. Hall ◽  
...  

2001 ◽  
pp. 159-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadao Wagatsuma ◽  
Satoru Ishikawa ◽  
Paul Ofei-Manu

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 714-723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Lu ◽  
Q. Q. Tang ◽  
C. P. Wang ◽  
Z. S. Li ◽  
Y. H. Guo ◽  
...  

2012 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melisha R. Kenedy ◽  
Tiffany R. Lenhart ◽  
Darrin R. Akins

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