Carbon Nanotubes in Physiological Environment

2012 ◽  
Vol 1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Cué ◽  
G. Del Bosque ◽  
A. Sanchez
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Clinical Applications ◽  
Polymer Matrices ◽  
Cellular Interaction ◽  
Polymer Fillers

ABSTRACTTo fully accomplish all promises and hopes on clinical applications of carbon nanotubes, it is crucial to understand their interactions with physiological environment. One of these applications is polymer fillers, and it is important to review the toxicology of carbon nanotubes themselves because some polymer matrices may be biodegradable. Therefore, the interactions with organic molecules such as water, electrolytes, and proteins are reviewed and results of multiple studies on cellular interaction, cytotoxicity, immune response, biodistribution, and biopersistence are further presented. Finally, a section describing the interaction of polymer matrices with carbon nanotube reinforcements and the physiological environment is presented.

The Effect of Carbon Nanotube Surface Energy on the Adhesion of Macrophages

2009 ◽  
Vol 1204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Young Wook Chun ◽  
Thomas J. Webster
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Surface Energy ◽  
Artificial Organs ◽  
Material Surface ◽  
Macrophage Density ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Unique Surface

AbstractPurified carbon nanotubes (with removed toxic catalytic particles) have been considered as novel materials for drug delivery and for generating artificial organs more efficiently than traditional tissue engineering materials due to their unique surface features. The surface chemistry of carbon nanotubes has been modified through various functionalization strategies to increase biocompatibility. Importantly, modulating the intrinsic material surface energy of carbon nanotubes (without functionalization, thus, establishing permanent, non degradable chemical, and physical surface properties) can potentially reduce an immune response mediated by macrophages. Herein, we report macrophage responses on different surface energy carbon nanotubes while keeping their nanoscale surface roughness. Specifically, interactions of ultra hydrophobic (bare or unmodified) and hydrophilic carbon nanotubes (due to the formation of oxide layers) with macrophages were investigated. It was observed that macrophage density on both carbon nanotube scaffolds were lower than on traditional materials. In particular, the amount of released cytokine (TNF-α) from macrophages cultured on hydrophilic carbon nanotube scaffolds was much smaller than on hydrophobic carbon nanotube scaffolds. All results clearly supported that tailoring the surface energy of carbon nanotubes mediates a macrophage immune response.

Fabrication of Carbon Nanotube Triode Using Helicon Plasma Cvd with Electroplated Nico Catalyst

2003 ◽  
Vol 772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masakazu Muroyama ◽  
Kazuto Kimura ◽  
Takao Yagi ◽  
Ichiro Saito
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Ni Catalyst ◽  
Plasma Cvd ◽  
Helicon Plasma ◽  
Plasma Enhanced Cvd ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Aligned Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Vertically Aligned

AbstractA carbon nanotube triode using Helicon Plasma-enhanced CVD with electroplated NiCo catalyst has been successfully fabricated. Isolated NiCo based metal catalyst was deposited at the bottom of the cathode wells by electroplating methods to control the density of carbon nanotubes and also reduce the activation energy of its growth. Helicon Plasma-enhanced CVD (HPECVD) has been used to deposit nanotubes at 400°C. Vertically aligned carbon nanotubes were then grown selectively on the electroplated Ni catalyst. Field emission measurements were performed with a triode structure. At a cathode to anode gap of 1.1mm, the turn on voltage for the gate was 170V.

scholarly journals Explosive Molecule Sensing at Lattice Defect Sites in Metallic Carbon Nanotubes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manasi Doshi ◽  
Eric Paul Fahrenthold
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Experimental Research ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Lattice Defect ◽  
Sensing Mechanism ◽  
Defect Sites ◽  
Chemiresistive Sensing ◽  
Hazardous Gas

Explosives and hazardous gas sensing using carbon nanotube (CNT) based sensors has been a focus of considerable experimental research. The simplest sensors have employed a chemiresistive sensing mechanism, and rely...

Cure Behavior Changes and Compression of Carbon Nanotubes in Aerospace Grade Bismaleimide-Carbon Nanotube Sheet Nanocomposites

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Hamza Kirmani ◽  
Geeta Sachdeva ◽  
Ravindra Pandey ◽  
Gregory M. Odegard ◽  
Richard Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Behavior Changes ◽  
Cure Behavior

Carbon Nanotube Gas Sensor Fabricated on Anodic Aluminum Oxide

2007 ◽  
Vol 124-126 ◽  
pp. 1309-1312
Author(s):  
Nguyen Duc Hoa ◽  
Nguyen Van Quy ◽  
Gyu Seok Choi ◽  
You Suk Cho ◽  
Se Young Jeong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Gas Sensor ◽  
Chemical Vapor ◽  
Fast Response ◽  
Device Fabrication ◽  
Alumina Oxide ◽  
Response And Recovery ◽  
New Type ◽  
P Type

A new type of gas sensor was realized by directly depositing carbon nanotube on nano channels of the anodic alumina oxide (AAO) fabricated on p-type silicon substrate. The carbon nanotubes were synthesized by thermal chemical vapor deposition at a very high temperature of 1200 oC to improve the crystallinity. The device fabrication process was also developed. The contact of carbon nanotubes and p-type Si substrate showed a Schottky behavior, and the Schottky barrier height increased with exposure to gases while the overall conductivity decreased. The sensors showed fast response and recovery to ammonia gas upon the filling (400 mTorr) and evacuation.

scholarly journals Study on the nonlinear vibration of embedded carbon nanotube via the Hamiltonian-based method

2021 ◽  
pp. 146134842110327
Author(s):  
Kang-Jia Wang ◽  
Guo-Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Nonlinear Vibration ◽  
Elastic Medium ◽  
Numerical Results ◽  
Frequency Property ◽  
New Novel ◽  
Novel Method

This article mainly studies the vibration of the carbon nanotubes embedded in elastic medium. A new novel method called the Hamiltonian-based method is applied to determine the frequency property of the nonlinear vibration. Finally, the effectiveness and reliability of the proposed method is verified through the numerical results. The obtained results in this work are expected to be helpful for the study of the nonlinear vibration.

scholarly journals A nuclear spin and spatial symmetry-adapted full quantum method for light particles inside carbon nanotubes: clusters of 3He, 4He, and para-H2

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Pilar de Lara-Castells ◽  
Alexander O. Mitrushchenkov
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Nuclear Spin ◽  
Spatial Symmetry ◽  
Quantum Method ◽  
Light Particles ◽  
Full Quantum

A new nuclear spin and spatial symmetry-adapted full quantum method for light fermionic and bosonic particles under cylindrical carbon nanotube confinement.

Balanced Th1/Th2 immune response induced by MSP1a functional motif coupled to multiwalled carbon nanotubes as anti-anaplasmosis vaccine in murine model

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 102137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leticia Santos Pimentel ◽  
Carolina Alvarenga Turini ◽  
Paula Souza Santos ◽  
Mariana Abilio de Morais ◽  
Aline Gomes Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Murine Model ◽  
Multiwalled Carbon ◽  
Functional Motif ◽  
Th2 Immune Response
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