Study of Colonial Manuscripts from San Nicolás Coatepec, México, Through UV&IR Imaging and XRF

2012 ◽  
Vol 1374 ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Jocelyn Alcántara García ◽  
José Luis Ruvalcaba Sil ◽  
Marie Van der Meeren
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
History Of ◽  
Material Information ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Suitable Technique

ABSTRACTThe necessity of studying cultural heritage through non-invasive and non-destructive techniques has led to significant advances in the last decade. One of the most recent advancements in this theme in Mexico is the portable X-ray system SANDRA, which was used to study three manuscripts directly related to the history of “San Nicolás Coatepec”, Mexico. X-ray fluorescence was chosen as the suitable technique because it can provide a fast qualitative and quantitative multielemental high sensitivity analysis. The documents were examined globally, using imaging techniques with UV and IR lighting. This research evinced a change in the composition and evolution of writing materials (inks and pigments) and provided information concerning historical use of the documents and its actual legal value as a property document. It also stressed the need of spanning these results to an extensive research attaining other regions of Mexico, in order to fully understand the Mexican documents particularities, aging and deterioration. This, in turn, will provide not only historical material information but also an invaluable scoop to understand deterioration and conservation issues.

An x-ray microprobe based upon a close-coupled focal-spot / glass capillary arrangement

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 1758-1759
Author(s):  
D. A. Carpenter ◽  
M. A. Taylor
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Fluorescence Analysis ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Glass Capillary ◽  
Close Coupling ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Point To Point ◽  
Beam Damage

The development of intense sources of x rays has led to renewed interest in the use of microbeams of x rays in x-ray fluorescence analysis. Sparks pointed out that the use of x rays as a probe offered the advantages of high sensitivity, low detection limits, low beam damage, and large penetration depths with minimal specimen preparation or perturbation. In addition, the option of air operation provided special advantages for examination of hydrated systems or for nondestructive microanalysis of large specimens.The disadvantages of synchrotron sources prompted the development of laboratory-based instrumentation with various schemes to maximize the beam flux while maintaining small point-to-point resolution. Nichols and Ryon developed a microprobe using a rotating anode source and a modified microdiffractometer. Cross and Wherry showed that by close-coupling the x-ray source, specimen, and detector, good intensities could be obtained for beam sizes between 30 and 100μm. More importantly, both groups combined specimen scanning with modern imaging techniques for rapid element mapping.

Highlights in the history of X-ray topography1

1995 ◽  
Vol 210 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. R. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Domain ◽  
Diffraction Theory ◽  
Dislocation Loops ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Domain Structures ◽  
Structure Factors ◽  
History Of ◽  
Dislocation Sources ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractX-ray topography provides a non-destructive method of mapping point-by-point variations in orientation and reflecting power within crystals. The discovery, made by several workers independently, that in nearly perfect crystals it was possible to detect individual dislocations by X-ray diffraction contrast started an epoch of rapid exploitation of X-ray topography as a new, general method for assessing crystal perfection. Another discovery, that of X-ray Pendellösung, led to important theoretical developments in X-ray diffraction theory and to a new and precise method for measuring structure factors on an absolute scale. Other highlights picked out for mention are studies of Frank-Read dislocation sources, the discovery of long dislocation helices and lines of coaxial dislocation loops in aluminium, of internal magnetic domain structures in Fe-3 wt.% Si, and of stacking faults in silicon and natural diamonds.

scholarly journals Modular MA-XRF Scanner Development in the Multi-Analytical Characterisation of a 17th Century Azulejo from Portugal

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 1913
Author(s):  
Sergio Augusto Barcellos Lins ◽  
Marta Manso ◽  
Pedro Augusto Barcellos Lins ◽  
Antonio Brunetti ◽  
Armida Sodo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Monte Carlo Simulations ◽  
17Th Century ◽  
Scanning System ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Portable Instruments ◽  
Complementary Techniques ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Suitable Technique ◽  
Cobalt Blue

A modular X-ray scanning system was developed, to fill in the gap between portable instruments (with a limited analytical area) and mobile instruments (with large analytical areas, and sometimes bulky and difficult to transport). The scanner has been compared to a commercial tabletop instrument, by analysing a Portuguese tile (azulejo) from the 17th century. Complementary techniques were used to achieve a throughout characterisation of the sample in a complete non-destructive approach. The complexity of the acquired X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectra, due to inherent sample stratigraphy, has been resolved using Monte Carlo simulations, and Raman spectroscopy, as the most suitable technique to complement the analysis of azulejos colours, yielding satisfactory results. The colouring agents were identified as cobalt blue and a Zn-modified Naples-yellow. The stratigraphy of the area under study was partially modelled with Monte Carlo simulations. The scanners performance has been compared by evaluating the images outputs and the global spectrum.

scholarly journals X-ray Fluorescence Uptake Measurement of Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles in Tumor Cell Microsamples

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (7) ◽  
pp. 3691
Author(s):  
Oliver Schmutzler ◽  
Sebastian Graf ◽  
Nils Behm ◽  
Wael Y. Mansour ◽  
Florian Blumendorf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Nanoparticle Uptake ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Functionalized Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Uptake Measurement ◽  
Prostate Tumor Cells ◽  
Non Destructive

Quantitative cellular in vitro nanoparticle uptake measurements are possible with a large number of different techniques, however, all have their respective restrictions. Here, we demonstrate the application of synchrotron-based X-ray fluorescence imaging (XFI) on prostate tumor cells, which have internalized differently functionalized gold nanoparticles. Total nanoparticle uptake on the order of a few hundred picograms could be conveniently observed with microsamples consisting of only a few hundreds of cells. A comparison with mass spectroscopy quantification is provided, experimental results are both supported and sensitivity limits of this XFI approach extrapolated by Monte-Carlo simulations, yielding a minimum detectable nanoparticle mass of just 5 pg. This study demonstrates the high sensitivity level of XFI, allowing non-destructive uptake measurements with very small microsamples within just seconds of irradiation time.

Handheld Portable Energy-Dispersive X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (pXRF)

2016 ◽  
pp. 362-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Holmqvist
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Matrix Effects ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Limited Range ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Analytical Sensitivity ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Destructive

Handheld portable energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence (pXRF) spectrometry is used for non-destructive chemical characterization of archaeological ceramics. Portable XRF can provide adequate analytical sensitivity to discriminate geochemically distinct ceramic pastes, and to identify compositional clusters that correlate with data patterns acquired by NAA or other high sensitivity techniques. However, successful non-destructive analysis of unprepared inhomogeneous ceramic samples requires matrix-defined scientific protocols to control matrix effects which reduce the sensitivity and precision of the instrumentation. Quantification of the measured fluorescence intensities into absolute concentration values and detection of light elements is encumbered by the lack of matrix matched calibration and proper vacuum facilities. Nevertheless, semi-quantitative values for a limited range of high Z elements can be generated. Unstandardized results are difficult to validate by others, and decreased analytical resolution of non-destructive surface analysis may disadvantage site-specific sourcing, jeopardize correct group assignments, and lead to under-interpretation of ceramic craft and production systems.

X-ray Advances in Support of Advanced Packaging – Today and Tomorrow

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 (1) ◽  
pp. 000409-000414
Author(s):  
David Bernard
Keyword(s):  
Heat Dissipation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Destructive Test ◽  
Heat Transfer Efficiency ◽  
Advanced Packaging ◽  
History Of ◽  
Production Output ◽  
2D And 3D ◽  
Non Destructive

Abstract As advanced packaging continues to develop to support novel and emerging technologies, the need for, ideally non-destructive, test and inspection continues to be vital to ensure the quality and assurance of functionality, wherever the package may go. This is made ever more difficult as the package complexity increases, whilst the feature sizes within continue to decrease. X-ray technology has long been an important part of the non-destructive inspection protocol over the history of advanced packaging and will continue to need to play a more important part in the future. This paper will review the advances made in both 2D and 3D X-ray inspection over recent years and the new opportunities that are now starting to be available, especially in 3D, or CT, inspection, that will enable this 120-year-old technology to remain relevant to and supportive of the needs of advanced packaging. To highlight the above, a case study will be presented on the faults that 2D and CT X-ray analysis can find in LEDs during their manufacture. LEDs are a good example of the remarkable developments in packaging and technology over the last 20 years, where the use of higher powers, smaller sized features and increased reliability requirements intensify the need for higher quality, more consistent production output. Flaws cannot be accepted, especially as higher usage powers mean higher operating temperatures which, in turn, then requires very good thermal conductivity in the package to move heat away from key areas. Without good heat dissipation then heat stresses at the interfaces can cause delamination or die fractures, so reducing LED lifetimes. The presence of voids, particularly at the die to package interface, creates air gaps that reduces heat transfer efficiency. As many LEDs are potted, or encapsulated, the only non-destructive test option to check for voiding and other faults is by using 2D and CT X-ray analysis.

scholarly journals Virtual paleontology: computer-aided analysis of fossil form and function

2014 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Imran A. Rahman ◽  
Selena Y. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fossil Plants ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Form And Function ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
History Of ◽  
Micro Tomography ◽  
And Function

‘Virtual paleontology’ entails the use of computational methods to assist in the three-dimensional (3-D) visualization and analysis of fossils, and has emerged as a powerful approach for research on the history of life. Three-dimensional imaging techniques allow poorly understood or previously unknown anatomies of fossil plants, invertebrates, and vertebrates, as well as microfossils and trace fossils, to be described in much greater detail than formerly possible, and are applicable to a wide range of preservation types and specimen sizes (Table 1). These methods include non-destructive high-resolution scanning technologies such as conventional X-ray micro-tomography and synchrotron-based X-ray tomography. In addition, form and function can be rigorously investigated through quantitative analysis of computer models, for example finite-element analysis.

New methods for art object conservation and restoration – practical experience in the field: the experience of The True Image Solution Ltd

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 160-162
Author(s):  
J Twydle
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
Practical Experience ◽  
X Ray ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Art Object ◽  
Insurance Costs ◽  
Flash Thermography ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
English Heritage

Previously, scientific examination of works of art was almost exclusively carried out in a specialist laboratory, major gallery or institution. Moving the artwork nearly always involved associated risks and transportation and insurance costs. Founded in 2009, The True Image Solution (TIS) had a vision to bring non-destructive technology to the artwork and to extend the possible range of evaluation by applying other imaging techniques, including ultrasound, flash thermography, X-ray spectroscopy and microwave imaging. In conjunction with English Heritage, these techniques were applied to a wide variety of objects. The results demonstrated that all of these techniques could be successfully carried out in situ and the risk of transportation damage, as well as associated transport and insurance costs, could be eliminated.

scholarly journals Advanced Non-Destructive Ocular Visualization Methods by Improved X-Ray Imaging Techniques

PLoS ONE ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. e0170633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Enders ◽  
Eva-Maria Braig ◽  
Kai Scherer ◽  
Jens U. Werner ◽  
Gerhard K. Lang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Imaging Techniques ◽  
X Ray ◽  
X Ray Imaging ◽  
Non Destructive

scholarly journals Ancient basketry on the inside: X-ray computed microtomography for the non-destructive assessment of small archaeological monocotyledonous fragments: examples from Southeast Europe

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mila Andonova
Keyword(s):  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Potential Range ◽  
Southeast Europe ◽  
Ray Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Destructive Analysis ◽  
Computed Microtomography ◽  
X Ray Computed ◽  
Non Destructive

AbstractThis study proposes non-destructive assessment instrumentation, the X-ray MicroCT scanning, to evaluate archaeological basketry remains prior to any destructive analysis. Three case studies are originating from two archaeological sites in Southeast Europe, with three different stages of preservation (poor, sufficient and very good). In addition, there are two preservation modes—charring and desiccation—along with two conservation situations: treated and untreated with conservation agent fragments. The three different scenarios were chosen to explore the potential range of X-ray MicroCT scanning technology when applied to monocotyledonous small-sized archaeological remains. It was proved that this non-invasive X-ray method is particularly suitable for the often-disadvantaged ancient basketry remains.

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