Microstructural and Mechanical Properties of Polyester/Nanoclay Nanocomposites: Microstructure-Mixing Strategy Correlation

2011 ◽  
Vol 1312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamid Dalir ◽  
Rouhollah D. Farahani ◽  
Vireya Nhim ◽  
Benjamin Samson ◽  
Martin Lévesque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Strain ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Roll Mill ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Polyester Matrix ◽  
Excellent Improvement

ABSTRACTDifferent nanoclay mixing strategies using a three-roll mill and ultrasonication is proposed to obtain the desired polyester/nanoclay dispersion, intercalation, and exfoliation. The dispersion states of the modified nanoclay in polymer with 2, 4 and 6 wt% loading were characterized with X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and low and high magnification transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The mechanical properties of the clay-reinforced polyester nanocomposites were a function of the nature and the content of the clay in the matrix. The nanocomposite containing 4 wt% modified Cloisite® 15A exhibits excellent improvement in modulus (by ~51%) and tensile strength (by ~12%) with a decrease in fracture strain (by ~26%) and fracture energy (by ~17%). These mechanical characteristic changes can be attributed to the dispersion, intercalation, and exfoliation of the nanoclays inside the polyester matrix.

Upconversion Luminescence Properties of NaYF4 Nanocrystals Precipitated Nd3+/Yb3+/Ho3+ Tri-Doped Oxyfluoride Glass Ceramics

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3744-3748 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Gao ◽  
Yuebo Hu ◽  
Dacheng Zhou ◽  
Jianbei Qiu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Energy Transfer Process ◽  
Upconversion Luminescence ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Oxyfluoride Glass ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix

Transparent oxyflouride glass ceramics composed of SiO2–Al2O3–Na2O–NaF–YF3 tri-coped with Nd3+/Yb3+/Ho3+ were prepared by thermal treatment. Segregation of NaYF4 nanocrystals in the matrix was confirmed from structural analysis by means of X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy. Compared with glass samples, very strong green upconversion (UC) luminescence due to the Ho3+:(4F5, 5S2)→5I8 transition was observed in the glass ceramics under 808 nm excitation. It was found that upconversion intensity of Ho3+ strongly depends on the Nd3+ concentration, and the energy transfer process from Nd3+ to Ho3+ via Yb3+ was proposed.

scholarly journals Enhancement of Mechanical and Thermal Properties of Polylactic Acid/Polycaprolactone Blends by Hydrophilic Nanoclay

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chern Chiet Eng ◽  
Nor Azowa Ibrahim ◽  
Norhazlin Zainuddin ◽  
Hidayah Ariffin ◽  
Wan Md. Zin Wan Yunus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polylactic Acid ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Basal Spacing ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

The effects of hydrophilic nanoclay, Nanomer PGV, on mechanical properties of Polylactic Acid (PLA)/Polycaprolactone (PCL) blends were investigated and compared with hydrophobic clay, Montmorillonite K10. The PLA/PCL/clay composites were prepared by melt intercalation technique and the composites were characterized by X-ray Diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). FTIR spectra indicated that formation of hydrogen bond between hydrophilic clay with the matrix. XRD results show that shifting of basal spacing when clay incorporated into polymer matrix. TEM micrographs reveal the formation of agglomerate in the composites. Based on mechanical properties results, addition of clay Nanomer PGV significantly enhances the flexibility of PLA/PCL blends about 136.26%. TGA showed that the presence of clay improve thermal stability of blends. DMA show the addition of clay increase storage modulus and the presence of clay Nanomer PGV slightly shift two Tg of blends become closer suggest that the presence of clay slightly compatibilizer the PLA/PCL blends. SEM micrographs revealed that presence of Nanomer PGV in blends influence the miscibility of the blends. The PLA/PCL blends become more homogeneous and consist of single phase morphology.

scholarly journals Investigation of the γ′ Precipitates Dissolution in a Ni-Based Superalloy During Stress-Free Short-Term Annealing at High Homologous Temperatures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Łukasz Rakoczy ◽  
Małgorzata Grudzień-Rakoczy ◽  
Fabian Hanning ◽  
Grzegorz Cempura ◽  
Rafał Cygan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Lattice Parameters ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Short Term ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Thermodynamic Simulations ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Increasing Temperature

AbstractThe equiaxed Ni-based superalloy René 108 was subjected to short-term annealing at five temperatures between 900 °C and 1100 °C. The phase composition, phase lattice parameters, microstructure, stereological parameters, and chemical composition of γ′ precipitates were investigated by thermodynamic simulations, X-ray diffraction, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Analysis of the γ and γ′ lattice parameters using the Nelson-Riley extrapolation function showed that the misfit parameter for temperatures 900 °C to 1050 °C is positive (decreasing from 0.32 to 0.11 pct). At 1100 °C, the parameter becomes negative, δ = − 0.18 pct. During the short-term annealing, γ′ precipitates dissolution occurred progressing more rapidly with increasing temperatures. The surface fraction of γ′ precipitates decreased with increasing temperature from 0.52 to 0.34. The dissolution of γ′ precipitates did not only proceed through uninterrupted thinning of each individual precipitate, but also included more complex mechanisms, including splitting. Based on transmission electron microscopy, it was shown that after γ′ precipitates dissolution, the matrix close to the γ/γ′ interface is strongly enriched in Co and Cr and depleted in Al.

Fullerene-Metal Composites: Phase Transformations During Milling and Sintering

2011 ◽  
Vol 172-174 ◽  
pp. 727-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ileana Irais Santana ◽  
Francisco Carlos Robles Hernandez ◽  
Vicente Garibay-Febles ◽  
Hector A. Calderon
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Phase Transformations ◽  
Mechanical Milling ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Metal Composites ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Spark Plasma

Composites of Fe-C60and Al C60produced by mechanical milling and sinterized by Spark Plasma Sintering are investigated with special attention to the mechanical properties of the products. The processing involves phase transformations of the fullerenes that are interesting to follow and characterize. This involves formation of tetragonal/rhombohedral diamond and carbides during sintering and milling. Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Raman Spectroscopy techniques are also used to confirm preliminary results of X Ray Diffraction (XRD) related to the formation of nanostructures i.e., grain size of the crystals during mechanical milling and after sintering, spatial distribution of phases and the different phases that are developed during processing.

Transmission electron microscopy of SI-AL-O-N alloys

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 302-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kirn ◽  
M. Rühle ◽  
H. Schmid ◽  
L.J. Gauckler
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Construction Materials ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Operating Voltage ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

It is expected that Si-Al-O-N alloys are important high temperature construction materials. The phase diagrams for Si-Al-O-N alloys were studied systematically mainly by X-ray diffraction work (for a summary see). Different stable phases were found. For the understanding of the physical and mechanical properties it is of great interest to know for the different stable phases the microstructure and the morphology, which can be obtained by TEM observations. Results of some TEM studies are reported here utilizing not only the conventional TEM but also the lattice fringe imaging technique.Specimens of the different phases were produced as described in They were prepared for TEM observations. For high resolution work a Siemens ELMISKOP 102 (operating voltage 125 kV) was used fitted with a double tilting stage (± 45°), for conventional TEM studies the specimens were examined in an AEI EM7 high voltage EM operated at 1 MeV.

Mechanical Properties and Microstructure of Graphene-Cement Composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 748 ◽  
pp. 295-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Shuang Jiang ◽  
Bao Min Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Cement Paste ◽  
Control Sample ◽  
Cement Composites ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Visible Spectroscopy ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

In this work, two type graphene were dispersed in aqueous solution via sonication, and graphene nanoplatelets (GP) and graphene oxide (GO) were characterized by means of ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the effects of different graphene (GP and GO) on mechanical properties and microstructure of cement-based materials were investigated via filed emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM). The results suggested that the incorporation of GP and GO both improved the flexural and compressive strength of cement, and the GP had a more prominent impact on the strengths of cement, compared with GO. The flexural and compressive strength of cement increased up to 23.5% and 7.5% with 0.05 wt% GP, respectively. FESEM analysis indicated that the microstructure of GP-cement paste was similar to that of control sample without graphene, whereas, a few flower-like crystals were generated in GO-cement paste. This work could provide a new understanding for further researches of graphene-cement composites.

Microwave NIMs: Using a Uniform AC Electric Field for Manipulating Ag Nanorods Embedded in Co0.05Ti0.95O2 Matrix

NANO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (08) ◽  
pp. 1650084
Author(s):  
Zahra Khorshidi ◽  
Ali Bahari
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Electric Field ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Negative Permittivity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ac Electric Field ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Permittivity And Permeability ◽  
The Matrix

In the present work, we synthesized a composite medium consisting of Ag nanorods embedded in Co[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]O2 matrix (Ag/CTO) using the sol-gel method. We applied a uniform AC electric field at the beginning of gelation and during drying for manipulating Ag nanorods in the matrix. The structure and morphology characterizations of Ag/CTO nanocomposites were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The permittivity and permeability behaviors of samples were investigated. Results showed that for the sample dried in the existence of the electric field, simultaneous negative permittivity and permeability were realized. These results imply the realization of double negative properties in this sample. Therefore, this work suggests that Ag/Co[Formula: see text]Ti[Formula: see text]O2 nanocomposites can be introduced as a negative index metamaterials (NIMs).

Effect of Ca on Microstructure and Properties of Mg-Al-Si Alloys

2011 ◽  
Vol 194-196 ◽  
pp. 1369-1373 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Xiang Xu ◽  
Hui Ju ◽  
Yang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Chinese Script ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ca Addition ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Morphology Modification ◽  
Scanning Electron

Effect of Ca addition on the morphology modification in Mg-7Al-0.8Zn-0.2Mn-1Si (AS71) alloys has been investigated using X-ray diffraction (XRD), optical microscopy (OM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and various testing machines. The results show that when adding 0.1 wt% Ca, a small fraction of Mg2Si change from Chinese script type to polygonal type; with the Ca addition up to 0.3 wt%, edges and angles of polygonal type Mg2Si phase are changed; further increase in Ca addition, the morphology of Mg2Si is changed to strip-like or spot-like one. Meanwhile, the addition of Ca results in the morphology of β- Mg17Al12 phase changing from discontinuous net-like to dispersive island-like. Ca exists as solid-soluting atomic in the matrix with small Ca addition while in the form of CaSi2 with large Ca addition. Optimal mechanical properties can be achieved when Ca addition is 0.3 wt%.

Development and Evaluation of Mechanical Properties of Al/Ilmenite Nanocomposite

2014 ◽  
Vol 704 ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Lanka Rasidhar ◽  
A. Rama Krishna ◽  
Ch. Srinivasa Rao ◽  
K. Vijaya Lakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Stir Casting ◽  
Compression Tests ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Scanning Electron

In the present investigation, microstructure and mechanical properties of nanocomposites fabricated via stir casting were evaluated. The composites were based on Al (99.7) reinforced with ilmenite nanoparticles. The characterization of the nanoparticles and nanocomposites was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) facilities. Microstructure of specimens show that reasonable distribution of FeTiO3 nanoparticles in the matrix, secondary phase FeAl3 observed in the microstructure. Ultimate tensile strength and compression tests were carried out in order to identify the mechanical properties. The hardness of the composites is enhanced with the addition of nanoparticles. The optimum value for ultimate tensile and compression strength are obtained with the addition of 3 % ilmenite nanoparticles. Ductile fracture in tensile fractured samples was observed by fractrography examination.

Bonding Strength and Microstructure of Cermet/Cu-Based Alloy Composite Brazed Coatings

2005 ◽  
Vol 297-300 ◽  
pp. 154-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hong Wang ◽  
Zeng Da Zou ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Si Li Song ◽  
Shi Yao Qu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Composite Coatings ◽  
Wear Property ◽  
Alloy Composite ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Interfacial Diffusion ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
The Matrix

WC-TiC-Co cermet and CuZnNi alloy composite coatings were produced on mild steel by a high temperature inside-furnace brazing technique. The microstructure, phase constituents and interfacial diffusion behavior of cermet and Cu-based alloy were investigated by means of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) and X-ray diffraction. The tensile strength and wear property of composite coatings were also investigated. The results show that crème particles were not decomposed severely during the inside- furnace brazing process. The microstructure of the matrix is α and β phases. Diffusion occurred at the cermet/Cu-based alloy interface. The tensile strength of the composite coatings reached 240-300MPa, which depended on the brazing temperature and was far higher than that of the flame hardfacing layers. Cermet fracture was basically a brittle fracture in nature and matrix involves ductile fracture.

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