Applications and Processing of Transparent Conducting Oxides

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 22-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brian G. Lewis ◽  
David C. Paine
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Transparent Conducting Oxide ◽  
Optoelectronic Device ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Conducting Oxides ◽  
Electrically Conducting ◽  
Good Surface ◽  
Transparent Conducting ◽  
Device Applications ◽  
The 1960S

The first report of a transparent conducting oxide (TCO) was published in 1907, when Badeker reported that thin films of Cd metal deposited in a glow discharge chamber could be oxidized to become transparent while remaining electrically conducting. Since then, the commercial value of these thin films has been recognized, and the list of potential TCO materials has expanded to include, for example, Al-doped ZnO, GdInOx, SnO2, F-doped In2O3, and many others. Since the 1960s, the most widely used TCO for optoelectronic device applications has been tin-doped indium oxide (ITO). At present, and likely well into the future, this material offers the best available performance in terms of conductivity and transmissivity, combined with excellent environmental stability, reproducibility, and good surface morphology. The use of other TCOs in large quantities is application-specific. For example, tin oxide is now widely used in architectural glass applications.

New n-Type Transparent Conducting Oxides

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (8) ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tadatsugu Minami
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Indium Tin Oxide ◽  
Transparent Conducting Oxide ◽  
Transparent Conducting Oxides ◽  
Conducting Oxides ◽  
Transparent Conducting ◽  
Physical Deposition ◽  
Impurity Doped ◽  
Binary Compounds ◽  
Conductive Thin Films

Most research to develop highly transparent and conductive thin films has focused on n-type semiconductors consisting of metal oxides. Historically, transparent conducting oxide (TCO) thin films composed of binary compounds such as SnO2 and In2O3 were developed by means of chemical- and physical-deposition methods. Impurity-doped SnO2 (Sb- or F-doped SnO2, e.g., SnO2:Sb or SnO2: F) and In2O3: Sn (indium tin oxide, ITO) films are in practical use. In addition to binary compounds, ternary compounds such as Cd2SnO4, CdSnO3, and CdIn2O4 were developed prior to 1980, but their TCO films have not yet been used widely.

Optical Properties of Zinc Sulphide Thin Films Coated with Aqueous Organic Dye Extract for Solar and Optoelectronic Device Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 2576-2583
Author(s):  
Uche Paul Onochie ◽  
Sunday Chukwuyem Ikpeseni ◽  
Anthony Egwu Igweoko ◽  
Hilary Ijeoma Owamah ◽  
Chinecherem Collins Aluma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Optoelectronic Device ◽  
Zinc Sulphide ◽  
Organic Dye ◽  
Device Applications

scholarly journals Effect Of Fluorine Doping On The Structural, Optical And Electrical Properties Of Spin Coated Tin Oxide Thin Films For Solar Cells Application

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Tin Oxide ◽  
Transparent Conducting Oxide ◽  
Optical And Electrical Properties ◽  
Fluorine Doping ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transparent Conducting

Transparent conducting oxide (TCO) thin films are materials of significance for their applications in optoelectronics and sun powered cells. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) is an elective material in the advancement of TCO films. This paper reports the impact of fluorine doping on structural, optical and electrical properties of tin oxide thin films for solar cells application. The sol-gel was prepared from anhydrous stannous chloride, SnCl2 as an originator, 2-methoxyethanol as a solvent, di-ethanolamine as a preservative and ammonium fluoride as the dopant source. FTO precursor solution was formulated to obtain 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 % doping concentration and deposited on glass substrates by means of spin coater at the rate of 2000 rpm for 40 seconds. After pre-heated at 200 oC, the samples were annealed at 600 oC for 2 h. The structural, optical and electrical characteristics of prepared films were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, UV-visible spectroscopy and electrical measurement. X-ray diffraction (XRD) investigation of the films demonstrated that the films were polycrystalline in nature with tetragonal-cassiterite structure with most extraordinary pinnacle having a grain size of 17.01 nm. Doping with fluorine decreases the crystallite size. There was increment in the absorbance of the film with increasing wavelength and the transmittance was basically reduced with increasing fluorine doping in the visible region. The energy band gaps were in the range of 4.106-4.121 eV. The sheet resistance were observed to decrease as the doping percentage of fluorine increased with exception at higher doping of 15 and 20 %. In view of these outcomes, FTO thin films prepared could have useful application in transparent conducting oxide electrode in solar cell.

Characterization of Transparent Conducting Al-Doped ZnO Thin Films and Device Applications

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (12) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sang Hern LEE ◽  
Young Moon YU ◽  
Tae Hoon KIM ◽  
Se-Young JEONG
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Zno Thin Films ◽  
Transparent Conducting ◽  
Device Applications ◽  
Doped Zno

Flexible transparent conducting electrodes based on metal meshes for organic optoelectronic device applications: a review

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1087-1110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hock Beng Lee ◽  
Won-Yong Jin ◽  
Manoj Mayaji Ovhal ◽  
Neetesh Kumar ◽  
Jae-Wook Kang
Keyword(s):  
Optoelectronic Device ◽  
Metal Mesh ◽  
Transparent Conducting Electrode ◽  
Transparent Conducting ◽  
Conducting Electrode ◽  
Device Applications ◽  
Organic Optoelectronic ◽  
Transparent Conducting Electrodes ◽  
Metal Meshes

Metal mesh: a design that revolutionizes the transparent conducting electrode (TCE) industry and drives the development of flexible optoelectronic technology.

Development of Nano-TiO2dye sensitised solar cells on high mobility transparent conducting oxide thin films

2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (4) ◽  
pp. 265-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. W. Bowers ◽  
H. M. Upadhyaya ◽  
S. Calnan ◽  
R. Hashimoto ◽  
T. Nakada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Transparent Conducting Oxide ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Oxide Thin Films ◽  
Transparent Conducting
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