Solid Electrolytes: Advances in Science and Technology

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 11-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Himanshu Jain ◽  
John O. Thomas ◽  
M. Stanley Whittingham
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Science And Engineering ◽  
The Past ◽  
Lehigh University ◽  
Solid State Ionics ◽  
Ionic Motion ◽  
A Cell ◽  
State Ionic

The interdisciplinary area of science and engineering dealing with solid electrolytes and mixed conductors is frequently known as solid-state ionics. It concerns materials that show rapid ionic motion with or without electronic conductivity, from basic science through application. Interest in solid-state ionic materials has continued for the past few decades due to several important, promising applications, such as fuel cells, batteries, sensors, and electrochemical pumps. The principle behind these applications is simply either the Nernst law (as exemplified by Equation 1 in the article by Singhal in this issue) or Faraday's laws of electrochemistry (which connect current flow to mass flow), as applied to a cell consisting of an electrolyte and two electrodes. However, the technological issues are complex, and demands on materials can be very diverse, as illustrated by the five articles in this issue. These articles are based, in part, on the invited talks presented at a symposium in April 1999 on the same subject at Lehigh University to commemorate G.C. Farrington's inauguration as its president.

scholarly journals Nano Resistive Memory (Re-RAM) Devices and their Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chandra Sekhar Dash ◽  
S. R. S. Prabaharan
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Random Access ◽  
Resistive Random Access Memory ◽  
Ionic Conductors ◽  
Artificial Synapse ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Art Research ◽  
Memory Applications ◽  
State Ionic

Abstract Use of solid state ionic conductors the so-called Solid Electrolytes has brought new impetus to the field of solid state memories namely resistive random access memory (Re-RAM). In this review article, to begin we present the detailed understanding on the basics of solid electrolytes. Later, the same has been reviewed focusing on its application in novel solid state memory applications. Few examples of solid electrolytes are considered and their impact on the state-of-art research in this domain is discussed in detail. An in-depth analysis on the fundamentals of Resistive switching mechanism involved in various classes of Memristive devices viz., Electrochemical Metallization Memories (ECM) and Valence change Memories (VCM). A few important applications of Memristors such as Neuristor and artificial synapse in neuromorphic computing are reviewed as well. Finally, the most anticipated energy efficient battery-like cells as artificial synapse in brain-inspired computing is also covered.

scholarly journals The Devil is in the Defects: Electronic Conductivity in Solid Electrolytes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prashun Gorai ◽  
Theodosios Famprikis ◽  
Baltej Singh Gill ◽  
Vladan Stevanovic ◽  
Pieremanuele Canepa
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Short Circuit ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Primary Source ◽  
Complex Oxide ◽  
Quantitative Agreement ◽  
Secondary Phases ◽  
Solid State Batteries ◽  
General Defect

Rechargeable solid-state batteries continue to gain prominence due to their increased safety. However, a number of outstanding challenges have prevented their adoption in mainstream technology. In this study, we reveal the origins of electronic conductivity (s<sub>e</sub>) in solid electrolytes (SEs), which is deemed responsible for solid-state battery degradation, as well as more drastic short-circuit and failure. Using first-principles defect calculations and physics-based models, we predict s<sub>e</sub> in three topical SEs: Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>Cl and Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>I argyrodites, and Na<sub>3</sub>PS<sub>4</sub> for post-Li batteries. We treat SEs as materials with finite band gaps and apply the defect theory of semiconductors to calculate the native defect concentrations and associated electronic conductivities. Our experimental measurements of the band gap of tetragonal Na<sub>3</sub>PS<sub>4</sub> confirm our predictions. The quantitative agreement of the predicted s<sub>e</sub> in these three materials and those measured experimentally strongly suggests that self-doping via native defects is the primary source of electronic conductivity in SEs. In particular, we find that Li<sub>6</sub>PS<sub>5</sub>X are <i>n</i>-type (electrons are majority carriers), while Na<sub>3</sub>PS<sub>4</sub> is <i>p</i>-type (holes). Importantly, the predicted values set the lower bound for s<sub>e</sub> in SEs. We suggest general defect engineering strategies pertaining to synthesis protocols to reduce s<sub>e</sub> in SEs, and thereby, curtailing the degradation of solid-state batteries. The methodology presented here can be extended to investigate s<sub>e</sub> in secondary phases that typically form at electrode-electrolyte interfaces, as well as to complex oxide-based SEs.

scholarly journals Room-Temperature Mg-Ion Conduction Through Molecular Crystal Mg{N(SO2CF3)2}2(CH3OC5H9)2

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takaaki Ota ◽  
Shota Uchiyama ◽  
Keiichi Tsukada ◽  
Makoto Moriya
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Structure ◽  
Solid State ◽  
Ionic Conductivity ◽  
Molecular Crystal ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Molecular Crystals ◽  
Transference Number ◽  
Ion Conducting ◽  
State Ionic

Molecular crystals have attracted increasing attention as a candidate for innovative solid electrolytes with solid-state Mg-ion conductivity. In this work, we synthesized a novel Mg-ion-conducting molecular crystal, Mg{N(SO2CF3)2}2(CH3OC5H9)2 (Mg(TFSA)2(CPME)2), composed of Mg bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)amide (Mg(TFSA)2) and cyclopentyl methyl ether (CPME) and elucidated its crystal structure. We found that the obtained Mg(TFSA)2(CPME)2 exhibits solid-state ionic conductivity at room temperature and a high Mg-ion transference number of 0.74. Contrastingly, most Mg-conductive inorganic solid electrolytes require heating above 150–300°C to exhibit ionic conductivity. These results further prove the suitability of molecular crystals as candidates for Mg-ion-conducting solid electrolytes.

Modifying an ultrathin insulating layer to suppress lithium dendrite formation within garnet solid electrolytes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijun Tang ◽  
Gui-Wei Chen ◽  
Fucheng Ren ◽  
Hongchun Wang ◽  
Wu Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Electronic Conductivity ◽  
Practical Application ◽  
Insulating Layer ◽  
Dendrite Formation ◽  
Lithium Dendrite

The electronic conductivity of solid electrolytes, which plays an important role in inducing Li dendrite deposition, is a key obstacle to the practical application of Li metal to all-solid-state lithium...

ChemInform Abstract: SOLID-STATE IONICS, STUDY ON THE SOLID ELECTROLYTES IN THE SYSTEM AG2X-AGJ-HGJ2

1974 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. no-no
Author(s):  
TAKEHIKO TAKAHASHI ◽  
KATSUMI KUWABARA ◽  
OSAMU YAMAMOTO
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Solid State Ionics

scholarly journals A Performance and Cost Overview of Selected Solid-State Electrolytes: Race between Polymer Electrolytes and Inorganic Sulfide Electrolytes

Batteries ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
Duygu Karabelli ◽  
Kai Peter Birke ◽  
Max Weeber
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Polymer Electrolytes ◽  
Solid Electrolytes ◽  
Storage Systems ◽  
Ionic Conductivities ◽  
Lithium Ion ◽  
Reduction Potentials ◽  
Liquid Electrolytes ◽  
Battery Design ◽  
A Cell

Electrolytes are key components in electrochemical storage systems, which provide an ion-transport mechanism between the cathode and anode of a cell. As battery technologies are in continuous development, there has been growing demand for more efficient, reliable and environmentally friendly materials. Solid-state lithium ion batteries (SSLIBs) are considered as next-generation energy storage systems and solid electrolytes (SEs) are the key components for these systems. Compared to liquid electrolytes, SEs are thermally stable (safer), less toxic and provide a more compact (lighter) battery design. However, the main issue is the ionic conductivity, especially at low temperatures. So far, there are two popular types of SEs: (1) inorganic solid electrolytes (InSEs) and (2) polymer electrolytes (PEs). Among InSEs, sulfide-based SEs are providing very high ionic conductivities (up to 10−2 S/cm) and they can easily compete with liquid electrolytes (LEs). On the other hand, they are much more expensive than LEs. PEs can be produced at less cost than InSEs but their conductivities are still not sufficient for higher performances. This paper reviews the most efficient SEs and compares them in terms of their performances and costs. The challenges associated with the current state-of-the-art electrolytes and their cost-reduction potentials are described.

What are the Major Contributions of Solid State Ionics to Technology in the Past and Future ?

1993 ◽  
pp. 365-372
Author(s):  
B. Scrosati ◽  
A. Magistris ◽  
C. M. Mari ◽  
G. Mariotto
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
The Past ◽  
Solid State Ionics
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