In situ single-step reduction of bromine-intercalated graphite to covalently brominated and alkylated/brominated graphene

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. 1472-1480
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kemal Bayazit
Keyword(s):  
Single Step ◽  
Intercalated Graphite ◽  
Image Position

Abstract

scholarly journals Single Step In Situ Detection of Surface Protein and MicroRNA in Clustered Extracellular Vesicles Using Flow Cytometry

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 319
Author(s):  
Hee Cheol Yang ◽  
Won Jong Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Extracellular Vesicles ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Molecular Beacon ◽  
Disease Diagnosis ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Flow Cytometer ◽  
Surface Proteins ◽  
Biomarker Detection ◽  
In Situ Detection

Because cancers are heterogeneous, it is evident that multiplexed detection is required to achieve disease diagnosis with high accuracy and specificity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been a subject of great interest as sources of novel biomarkers for cancer liquid biopsy. However, EVs are nano-sized particles that are difficult to handle; thus, it is necessary to develop a method that enables efficient and straightforward EV biomarker detection. In the present study, we developed a method for single step in situ detection of EV surface proteins and inner miRNAs simultaneously using a flow cytometer. CD63 antibody and molecular beacon-21 were investigated for multiplexed biomarker detection in normal and cancer EVs. A phospholipid-polymer-phospholipid conjugate was introduced to induce clustering of the EVs analyzed using nanoparticle tracking analysis, which enhanced the detection signals. As a result, the method could detect and distinguish cancer cell-derived EVs using a flow cytometer. Thus, single step in situ detection of multiple EV biomarkers using a flow cytometer can be applied as a simple, labor- and time-saving, non-invasive liquid biopsy for the diagnosis of various diseases, including cancer.

scholarly journals Computational and experimental investigations of one-step conversion of poly(carbonate)s into value-added poly(aryl ether sulfone)s

2016 ◽  
Vol 113 (28) ◽  
pp. 7722-7726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gavin O. Jones ◽  
Alexander Yuen ◽  
Rudy J. Wojtecki ◽  
James L. Hedrick ◽  
Jeannette M. García
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Density Functional ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Nucleophilic Attack ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Aryl Ether ◽  
One Step ◽  
Poly Carbonate

It is estimated that ∼2.7 million tons poly(carbonate)s (PCs) are produced annually worldwide. In 2008, retailers pulled products from store shelves after reports of bisphenol A (BPA) leaching from baby bottles, reusable drink bottles, and other retail products. Since PCs are not typically recycled, a need for the repurposing of the PC waste has arisen. We report the one-step synthesis of poly(aryl ether sulfone)s (PSUs) from the depolymerization of PCs and in situ polycondensation with bis(aryl fluorides) in the presence of carbonate salts. PSUs are high-performance engineering thermoplastics that are commonly used for reverse osmosis and water purification membranes, medical equipment, as well as high temperature applications. PSUs generated through this cascade approach were isolated in high purity and yield with the expected thermal properties and represent a procedure for direct conversion of one class of polymer to another in a single step. Computational investigations performed with density functional theory predict that the carbonate salt plays two important catalytic roles in this reaction: it decomposes the PCs by nucleophilic attack, and in the subsequent polyether formation process, it promotes the reaction of phenolate dimers formed in situ with the aryl fluorides present. We envision repurposing poly(BPA carbonate) for the production of value-added polymers.

57Fe Mössbauer Spectroscopic Study of the Geometrical Effects In the Catalytic Reactions with Intercalation Compounds

1982 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.P. Vaishnava ◽  
P.A. Montano
Keyword(s):  
Ferric Chloride ◽  
Catalytic Reactions ◽  
Fischer Tropsch ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Intercalated Graphite ◽  
The Third ◽  
Intercalated Compounds ◽  
Catalytic Sites ◽  
Geometrical Effects

ABSTRACTIn situ 57Fe Mössbauer spectra are reported for the first-, higher-stage ferric chloride, and a mixed ferric chloride-potassium chloride intercalated graphite catalysts under reduction and Fischer-Tropsch reaction conditions. The mass spectroscopic measurements reveal a different catalytic selectivity for the three catalysts. The first two catalysts predominantly possess a higher selectivity for methane, whereas the third catalyst has higher selectivity for the formation of propane. The differences are attributed to geometrical effects in the catalytic sites of the intercalated compounds.

In situ synthesis of CsTi2NbO7@g-C3N4 core–shell heterojunction with excellent electrocatalytic performance for the detection of nitrite

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (23) ◽  
pp. 3936-3945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengjun Wang ◽  
Chao Liu ◽  
Xiaobo Zhang ◽  
Zichun Fan ◽  
Jiasheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
In Situ Synthesis ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Electrocatalytic Performance ◽  
Image Position

Abstract

scholarly journals Hydrophobic Starch-Based Films Using Potato Washing Slurries and Spent Frying Oil

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2897
Author(s):  
Sílvia Petronilho ◽  
André Oliveira ◽  
M. Rosário Domingues ◽  
Fernando M. Nunes ◽  
Manuel A. Coimbra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potato Starch ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Frying Oil ◽  
Biodegradable Films ◽  
Water Contact ◽  
Alkaline Catalyst ◽  
Application Range ◽  
Structural Differences

Starch is a promising candidate for preparing biodegradable films with useful gas barriers and thermoplastic capabilities. However, these materials are hydrophilic and brittle, thus limiting their application range. To overcome these drawbacks, it has been hypothesized that starch can be hydrophobized and plasticized during the starch-based film production using a single-step approach and following transesterification principles. In this work, KOH powder and spent frying oil (SFO) were used as an alkaline catalyst and a source for triacylglycerides, respectively, to promote the modification of starch. Different ratios of SFO (w/w related to the dried starch weight) were tested. When compared to the neat films (without a catalyst and SFO), the incorporation of at least 15% SFO/KOH gave rise to transparent, hydrophobic (water contact angles of ca. 90°), stretchable (ca. 20×), elastic (ca. 5×), and water tolerant starch-based films, contrary to the films produced without the catalyst. ATR-FTIR and 1H NMR revealed structural differences among the produced films, suggesting that starch was modified with the SFO-derived fatty acids. Therefore, adding KOH during the potato starch/spent frying oil-based film’s production was determined to be a promising in situ strategy to develop starch-based materials with improved hydrophobicity and flexibility, while valorizing the potato chip industry’s byproducts.

scholarly journals Rheology of till beneath Storglaciären, Sweden

1997 ◽  
Vol 43 (143) ◽  
pp. 172-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger LeB. Hooke ◽  
Brian Hanson ◽  
Neal R. Iverson ◽  
Peter Jansson ◽  
Urs H. Fischer
Keyword(s):  
Strain Rate ◽  
Water Pressure ◽  
Force Balance ◽  
Surface Velocity ◽  
Shear Strain Rate ◽  
Effective Pressure ◽  
Frictional Material ◽  
Image Position ◽  
Gain Access

AbstractIn order to study, in situ, the rheology of a deforming subglacial till, various instruments were emplaced in till beneath Storglaciären, Sweden. Boreholes were used to gain access to the till beneath about 100 m of ice. Tiltmeters provided an estimate of the shear strain rate in the till. Two other instruments yielded measures of till strength. In addition, water pressures were recorded in boreholes and in the till, a computer-controlled distance meter provided an effectively continuous record of the surface velocity and data from frequent surveys of a stake network were used to estimate the mean basal drag, based on a force-balance calculation.Tilt rates varied directly with effective pressure, so decreases in water pressure apparently increased the coupling between the glacier and the bed. Surface speed was either out of phase with tilt or varied independently of tilt. Thus, increases in speed were apparently a consequence either of longitudinal coupling or of reduced coupling between the glacier and the bed; they were not a result of till deformation! Till strength varied directly with effective pressure, which is consistent with it being a Mohr – Coulomb, or frictional material. The devices measuring till strength are presumed to have been pulled through the till at a speed that varied in phase with the surface speed but till strength did not vary systematically with surface speed. This implies that the residual strength of the till is insensitive to strain rate. Thus, the appropriate constitutive equation for till rheology may be of the form:where k is a constant. This is consistent with experimental data reported in the geotechnical literature.

Anion intercalated graphite: a combined electrochemical and tribological investigation by in situ AFM

2020 ◽  
Vol 280 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-228
Author(s):  
G. BUSSETTI ◽  
M. CAMPIONE ◽  
A. BOSSI ◽  
R. YIVLIALIN ◽  
L. DUÒ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intercalated Graphite

scholarly journals Stress evolution in silicon nanowires during electrochemical lithiation using in situ synchrotron X-ray microdiffraction

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (9) ◽  
pp. 1622-1631
Author(s):  
Sasi Kumar Tippabhotla ◽  
Ihor Radchenko ◽  
Camelia V. Stan ◽  
Nobumichi Tamura ◽  
Arief Suriadi Budiman
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Nanowires ◽  
Stress Evolution ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Electrochemical Lithiation ◽  
Image Position

Abstract

Inheritance of Chromosomally Integrated Human Herpesvirus 6 DNA

Blood ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 94 (5) ◽  
pp. 1545-1549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masanori Daibata ◽  
Takahiro Taguchi ◽  
Yuiko Nemoto ◽  
Hirokuni Taguchi ◽  
Isao Miyoshi
Keyword(s):  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Viral Genome ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Human Herpesvirus ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Human Herpesvirus 6 ◽  
Viral Genomes ◽  
Herpesvirus 6

Abstract Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) genome has been detected in several human lymphoproliferative disorders with no signs of active viral infection, and found to be integrated into chromosomes in some cases. We previously reported a woman with HHV-6–infected Burkitt’s lymphoma. Fluorescence in situ hybridization showed that the viral genome was integrated into the long arm of chromosome 22 (22q13). The patient’s asymptomatic husband also carried HHV-6 DNA integrated at chromosome locus 1q44. To assess the possibility of chromosomal transmission of HHV-6 DNA, we looked for HHV-6 DNA in the peripheral blood of their daughter. She had HHV-6 DNA on both chromosomes 22q13 and 1q44, identical to the site of viral integration of her mother and father, respectively. The findings suggested that her viral genomes were inherited chromosomally from both parents. The 3 family members were all seropositive for HHV-6, but showed no serological signs of active infection. To confirm the presence of HHV-6 DNA sequences, we performed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with 7 distinct primer pairs that target different regions of HHV-6. The viral sequences were consistently detected by single-step PCR in all 3 family members. We propose a novel latent form for HHV-6, in which integrated viral genome can be chromosomally transmitted. The possible role of the chromosomally integrated HHV-6 in the pathogenesis of lymphoproliferative diseases remains to be explained.

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