Establishing a generic process framework for design and analysis of materials based on visual perception: study through two cases

MRS Advances ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (23-24) ◽  
pp. 1167-1174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mainak Ghosh ◽  
Samriddho Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Human Visual Perception ◽  
Process Framework ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Generic Process

ABSTRACTAny material inherently comes with its physical and chemical properties. The material scientists and allied engineers work on these properties in order to unearth newer findings. The change in the properties of a material through various process directly affects its characteristics and behaviour. Significant research on material science and metallurgical engineering have been done based on physical properties of the substance. Out of many physical characteristics of materials, this paper focuses on optical properties based on human visual perception. The particular research aims at an interdisciplinary approach to investigate how visual perception plays an important role in design and analysis of materials. Two particular cases have been analysed for this purpose, one in the domain of micro structure analysis and the other relating to the external physical visual characteristics of a material. Through this analysis a generic process framework is evolved which could be applied in material research as a theoretical discourse. Additionally an expert opinion survey reinforces the establishment of the evolved process framework. It would help scientists and engineers adapt and relate to a process so far as designing of new materials or comparative assessment of materials are concerned based on human visual perception.

Review of Physical Properties and Preparation of Nano-Superconducting Materials

2013 ◽  
Vol 816-817 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
Yi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Material Research ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Superconducting Transition ◽  
New Materials ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
New Material ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

New materials play an important part in today high and new technology.Superconducting nanomaterial has become the most vibrant in new material research due to its unique physical and chemical properties. This paper focuses on how small-size effect affects superconducting transition temperature, and summarizes the concrete preparation methods of superconducting nanomaterials, hoping to provide a reference for material researchers.

Shape transformation of self-assembled Au nanoparticles by the systematic control of deposition amount on sapphire (0001)

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (81) ◽  
pp. 66212-66220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Puran Pandey ◽  
Mao Sui ◽  
Ming-Yu Li ◽  
Quanzhen Zhang ◽  
Eun-Soo Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Au Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Shape Transformation ◽  
Au Nps ◽  
Size Dependent ◽  
Deposition Amount ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Systematic Control ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The shape and size dependent optical, physical and chemical properties of isotropic and anisotropic gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) have attracted significant research interest for their application in various optoelectronic devices.

scholarly journals Microscopy and Microanalysis of Nano-Scale Materials

2006 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 6-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Michael ◽  
L. N. Brewer ◽  
D. C. Miller ◽  
K. R. Zavadil ◽  
S. V. Prasad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Structure Property ◽  
Length Scales ◽  
Full Characterization ◽  
Microelectronic Devices ◽  
Structure Property Relationship ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Material scientists and engineers continue to developmaterials and structures that are ever smaller. Some of this engineering is to simply domore with less while the science of nanomaterials allows new materials to be produced with a novel range of physical and chemical properties due to the small length scales of the microstructural features of thematerials. Currently, nanoscalematerials have been produced with a diverse set of useful properties and can be found in common substances like sunscreen or technologically advanced microelectronic devices. A complete understanding of materials is based on knowledge of the processing used to produce an interesting material coupled with a full characterization of the structure that results. It is this structure/property relationship that is the basis of understanding any newmaterial developed at all length scales.

scholarly journals Nanoparticle synthesis approaches at a glance

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Wali Muhammad ◽  
Iqra Haleem ◽  
Naimat Ullah ◽  
Muhammad Qasim Khan ◽  
Senthil Kumar N
Keyword(s):  
Nanoparticle Synthesis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
New Era ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Scientists And Engineers ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Nanotechnology has opened a new era for scientists and engineers to build nanomaterials with diverse applications. Nowadays, nanotechnology plays a vital rolein each and every sector due to its extraordinary physical and chemical properties. It deals with development and synthesis of variety of nanoparticles (NPs), which ranging from 1 to 100 nm. The major approaches used for the synthesis of NPs are top to bottom and bottom to up which mainly included physical, chemical and biological methodologies. This mini review highlights synthesis of NPs through various approaches specifically targeted biological route.

scholarly journals Application of Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents in the Extraction of Quercetin from Vegetables

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 2300 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunliang Dai ◽  
Kyung Ho Row
Keyword(s):  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Research Attention ◽  
Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Prevention And Health Promotion ◽  
Ultrasonic Assisted ◽  
Solid Liquid ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Quercetin is a phytochemical with disease prevention and health promotion activities that has attracted significant research attention. In this study, choline chloride and betaine-based natural deep eutectic solvents were prepared using a heating method. Their physical and chemical properties were also tested. Then, they were applied to extract quercetin from onion and broccoli with ultrasonic-assisted solid liquid method coupled with HPLC. Three factors (temperature, amount, and time) were considered for the optimization of the extraction assays. In the optimal conditions, the extraction recoveries were 88.91–98.99%, 88.45–99.01%, and 89.56–98.74% for quercetin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol. Tailor-made natural deep eutectic solvents could be applied as sustainable and safe extraction media for biochemical applications.

scholarly journals Analysis of visual perception features by corneal reflex components examination

2014 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86
Author(s):  
A R Shakurova
Keyword(s):  
Visual Perception ◽  
Visual System ◽  
Human Visual System ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Human Visual Perception ◽  
Single Person ◽  
Corneal Reflex ◽  
Perception Process ◽  
Psychological Features

The article surveys the data of experimental studies in which the corneal reflex was used in the analysis of the visual perception process. Visual perception largely depends on the physiological characteristics of the human visual system, both individual and general. Blinking performs a number of functions, one of which is protection, including protection from unpleasant or undesired information. Blinking is closely related to the processes of concentration and disinterest. Blinking while watching a video is synchronized in single person and in a group of people watching the same video fragment. Blinking synchronization depends on the video plot; background video does not cause synchronization. Blinking synchronization is not gender specified. A longer duration of blinking is associated with a significant increase of the intervals between blinks. Accounting for these features of visual perception will allow to coordinate the work with video in several ways. First of all, it is an analysis of the reaction by monitoring the blinks while watching the video. Such analysis should contain a detailed and comprehensive decoding including electrophysiological, psychological and psychophysiological tools. Thus, the analysis of visual perception by studying the corneal reflex components requires an interdisciplinary approach and should be targeted to getting the results usable both for further studies of psychological features and principles of human visual perception and for further creation of most effectively perceived video.

Bone Tissue Engineering Incorporating Poly(Propylene Fumarate) Composites: A Mini Review

Nano LIFE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 06 (03n04) ◽  
pp. 1642011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily G. Westbrook
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Living Cells ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Poly Propylene ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

Tissue engineering is intended to manipulate living cells to help develop substitutes for native tissues or remodel tissue. Bioartificial tissues are commonly explored in various tissue engineering ventures to overcome the disadvantages of working with native tissue. Poly(propylene fumarate) is a potential biomaterial for bioartificial bone grafts. The polymer’s many desirable physical and chemical properties have drawn significant research interest. This miniature review is intended to cover a small portion of the investigations of poly(propylene fumarate) as a bone tissue engineering biomaterial.

Statistical criteria of stellar population types

1966 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101-110
Author(s):  
W. Iwanowska
Keyword(s):  
Stellar Population ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectrophotometric Study ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Population Type ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Distribution Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Statistical Criteria ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In connection with the spectrophotometric study of population-type characteristics of various kinds of stars, a statistical analysis of kinematical and distribution parameters of the same stars is performed at the Toruń Observatory. This has a twofold purpose: first, to provide a practical guide in selecting stars for observing programmes, second, to contribute to the understanding of relations existing between the physical and chemical properties of stars and their kinematics and distribution in the Galaxy.

Biophysical Measurement of Molecular Weight of Foot-and-Mouth Disease RNA Fragments

1974 ◽  
Vol 32 ◽  
pp. 262-263
Author(s):  
Sydney S. Breese ◽  
Howard L. Bachrach
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Foot And Mouth Disease ◽  
Mouth Disease ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Bovine Plasma ◽  
Mouth Disease Virus ◽  
Foot And Mouth ◽  
Carbon Coated ◽  
Rna Fragments ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Continuing studies on the physical and chemical properties of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) have included electron microscopy of RNA strands released when highly purified virus (1) was dialyzed against demlneralized distilled water. The RNA strands were dried on formvar-carbon coated electron microscope screens pretreated with 0.1% bovine plasma albumin in distilled water. At this low salt concentration the RNA strands were extended and were stained with 1% phosphotungstic acid. Random dispersions of strands were recorded on electron micrographs, enlarged to 30,000 or 40,000 X and the lengths measured with a map-measuring wheel. Figure 1 is a typical micrograph and Fig. 2 shows the distributions of strand lengths for the three major types of FMDV (A119 of 6/9/72; C3-Rezende of 1/5/73; and O1-Brugge of 8/24/73.

Tailoring microstructures of materials through biomimetics

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 500-501
Author(s):  
Mehmet Sarikaya ◽  
Ilhan A. Aksay
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
Structure Sensitive ◽  
Macro Scale ◽  
Methods Of Synthesis ◽  
Successive Level ◽  
Engineering Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties ◽  
Synthesis Of Materials

Biomimetics involves investigation of structure, function, and methods of synthesis of biological composite materials. The goal is to apply this information to the design and synthesis of materials for engineering applications.Properties of engineering materials are structure sensitive through the whole spectrum of dimensions from nanometer to macro scale. The goal in designing and processing of technological materials, therefore, is to control microstructural evolution at each of these dimensions so as to achieve predictable physical and chemical properties. Control at each successive level of dimension, however, is a major challenge as is the retention of integrity between successive levels. Engineering materials are rarely fabricated to achieve more than a few of the desired properties and the synthesis techniques usually involve high temperature or low pressure conditions that are energy inefficient and environmentally damaging.In contrast to human-made materials, organisms synthesize composites whose intricate structures are more controlled at each scale and hierarchical order.

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