scholarly journals Mammalia, Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae, Lonchophylla hesperia G. M. Allen, 1908: second record of the Western Nectar Bat in Ecuador after 70 years

Check List ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Diego G. Tirira ◽  
Santiago F. Burneo ◽  
Carlos E. Boada ◽  
Simón E. Lobos
Keyword(s):  
Adult Male ◽  
Predictive Distribution ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Dry Valley ◽  
Corn Fields

Herein we report the second record for Lonchophylla hesperia in Ecuador, and the first one since 1939. We captured an adult male in a mountainous dry valley at Comunidad San Jacinto, Catamayo Valley, Loja Province, southwestern Ecuador. The dominant landscape consists of agricultural lands, mainly of corn fields and pastures; while the natural forest is restricted to small patches. A description of the species’ shelter and a predictive distribution model in Peru and Ecuador are presented, indicating the areas between the two countries were the habitat is climatically suitable for its presence. 

scholarly journals A Predictive Distribution Model for Cooperative Braking System of an Electric Vehicle

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongqiang Guo ◽  
Hongwen He ◽  
Xuelian Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicle ◽  
Process Optimization ◽  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Predictive Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Latin Hypercube Design ◽  
Braking System ◽  
Time Problem ◽  
Optimal Latin Hypercube Design ◽  
Regenerative Energy

A predictive distribution model for a series cooperative braking system of an electric vehicle is proposed, which can solve the real-time problem of the optimum braking force distribution. To get the predictive distribution model, firstly three disciplines of the maximum regenerative energy recovery capability, the maximum generating efficiency and the optimum braking stability are considered, then an off-line process optimization stream is designed, particularly the optimal Latin hypercube design (Opt LHD) method and radial basis function neural network (RBFNN) are utilized. In order to decouple the variables between different disciplines, a concurrent subspace design (CSD) algorithm is suggested. The established predictive distribution model is verified in a dynamic simulation. The off-line optimization results show that the proposed process optimization stream can improve the regenerative energy recovery efficiency, and optimize the braking stability simultaneously. Further simulation tests demonstrate that the predictive distribution model can achieve high prediction accuracy and is very beneficial for the cooperative braking system.

scholarly journals Modeling Rare Species Distribution at the Edge: The Case for the Vulnerable Endemic Pyrenean Desman in France

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Williams-Tripp ◽  
F. J. N. D'Amico ◽  
C. Pagé ◽  
A. Bertrand ◽  
M. Némoz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Distribution ◽  
Species Distribution Model ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Predictive Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
Conservation Actions ◽  
Present Distribution ◽  
Northern Edge ◽  
Spatial Transferability

The endemic Pyrenean Desman (Galemys pyrenaicus) is an elusive, rare, and vulnerable species declining over its entire and narrow range (Spain, Portugal, France, and Andorra). The principal set of conservation measures in France is a 5-years National Action Plan based on 25 conservation actions. Priority is given to update its present distribution and develop tools for predictive distribution models. We aim at building the first species distribution model and map for the northern edge of the range of the Desman and confronting the outputs of the model to target conservation efforts in the context of environmental change. Contrasting to former comparable studies, we derive a simpler model emphasizing the importance of factors linked to precipitation and not to the temperature. If temperature is one of the climate change key factors, depicted shrinkage in Desman distribution could be lower or null at the northern (French) edge suggesting thus a major role for this northern population in terms of conservation of the species. Finally, we question the applied issue of temporal and spatial transferability for such environmental favourability models when it is made at the edge of the distribution range.

Searching for manatees in the dark waters of a transboundary river between Mexico and Belize: a predictive distribution model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. F. Corona-Figueroa ◽  
N. Ríos ◽  
D. N. Castelblanco-Martínez ◽  
S. Vilchez-Mendoza ◽  
D. Delgado-Rodríguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Transboundary River

scholarly journals Predicting Bird Distributions Under Global Change

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maggie MacPherson ◽  
Kevin R Burgio ◽  
Matthew DeSaix ◽  
Benjamin Freeman ◽  
John Herbert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Global Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Species Distribution Model ◽  
Predictive Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Present Species ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Niche Concept ◽  
Analytical Approaches

Global change creates an urgent need to predict spatial responses of biota to support the conservation of sufficient habitat to maintain biodiversity. We present species distribution model theory and a synthesis of avian literature on approaches to collecting occurrence data, selecting explanatory variables and analytical processes currently in use to predict future distributions. We find that interpreting the validity of current predictive distributions is hindered by variation in spatio-temporal resolution of data sets that force hypothesis testing under the Grinnellian niche concept. Broadly, the capacity of species to shift their geographic ranges under land use and climate change is expected to be limited by both large scale (i.e., the physiological or fundamental niche) and small scale (i.e., the realized or tolerance niche) factors. We highlight the strengths and weaknesses of widely used explanatory variables and analytical approaches tailored to macrohabitat characteristics and the Grinnellian niche concept. This synthesis addresses if and how current approaches align with theory and makes recommendations for future directions to improve the accuracy of predictive distribution modelling.

scholarly journals Mammalia, Chiroptera, Thyropteridae, Thyroptera tricolor Spix, 1823: distribution extension in Ecuador

Check List ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Carlos E. Boada ◽  
Diego G. Tirira ◽  
M. Alejandra Camacho ◽  
Santiago F. Burneo
Keyword(s):  
Maximum Entropy ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Predictive Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Breeding Female ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Thyroptera Tricolor

In Ecuador, Thyroptera tricolor is distributed on the northern coastal region, in Amazonia, and in the foothills of the Andes between 50 to 1,800 m of altitude. We reported a capture of a non-breeding female at El Descanso, Los Ríos Province, in the central coastal region of Ecuador. With this record, we have extended the geographical distribution of T. tricolor in Ecuador 55 km further south. Using the available data for Ecuador, a predictive distribution model was generated using a Maximum Entropy approach.

scholarly journals Long term stability of White-necked Picathartes population in south-east Sierra Leone

2011 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 170-183 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID MONTICELLI ◽  
ALHAJI SIAKA ◽  
GRAEME M. BUCHANAN ◽  
SIMON WOTTON ◽  
TONY MORRIS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Colony Size ◽  
Site Occupancy ◽  
Breeding Site ◽  
Predictive Distribution ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Population Status ◽  
Forest Reserve ◽  
Breeding Parameters

SummaryWhite-necked Picathartes Picathartes gymnocephalus is a globally ‘Vulnerable’ bird endemic to the highly threatened Upper Guinea forests in West Africa. In an environment under a high level of threat, the high breeding site fidelity (or breeding site persistence) of this species enables long term monitoring of colony site occupancy, colony size and other breeding parameters, which provide multiple indicators of population status. We surveyed known colony sites and searched for new sites in three recent breeding seasons in order to assess the current population status in the most important part of their range in Sierra Leone, the Gola Forest. We found 157 active nests at 40 colonies, equating to at least 314 adult birds. Less than half of the known colonies were protected by the Gola Forest Reserve. Colonies outside the reserve tended to be confined to larger rocks and subject to disturbance from human activities in close proximity, but did not have fewer active nests in them. Colonies outside the reserve were also more likely to be inactive in a given year whereas all colonies inside the reserve were active in every survey year. A predictive distribution model indicated that the survey region could have as many as 234 nests equating to at least 468 breeding birds. There was no evidence that mean colony size had declined since surveys undertaken in the 1980s and 1990s but it was not possible to compare colony abandonment rates inside and outside the reserve over that time period. Clutch and brood sizes were similar in each year, though brood size appeared slightly lower in the third survey year possibly because of a slightly later survey date. Mean clutch and brood sizes reported during the study period were similar to those found in the 1980s and 1990s. We conclude that the population of White-necked Picathartes in the Gola Forest area has been relatively stable over the last two decades, reflecting both the efficacy of protection afforded by the Gola Forest Reserve and presumably low pressure to farm new areas in the nearby community forest. However, regular monitoring of colonies both inside and outside the reserve is required to detect any systematic impact on the birds as pressure for land increases.

Peregrine falcon and merlin predation on small shorebirds and passerines in Alberta

1988 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 925-928 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dick Dekker
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Peregrine Falcon ◽  
Agricultural Lands ◽  
Falco Peregrinus ◽  
Predatory Efficiency ◽  
Adult Females

This study describes and compares hunting techniques and predatory efficiency of peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) and merlin (Falco columbarius) preying on small shorebirds and passerines in open agricultural lands around Beaverhills Lake, Alberta, during spring and fall, 1965–1987. Hunting methods were divided into four categories: (i) surprise attacks with less than six swoops at prey initially on the ground, (ii) short pursuits with less than six swoops at flying prey, (iii) persistent, long-range pursuits with more than six swoops, and (iv) other or unknown methods. They made up, respectively, 73.9, 17.2, 2.5, and 6.4% of 647 hunts by peregrines, and 72.3, 16.1, 4.5, and 7.1 % of 354 hunts by merlins. Persistent pursuits of prey were significantly more successful than surprise attacks by merlins (62.5 vs. 9.4%, P < 0.00001), but not by peregrines (18.8 vs. 8.8%, P = 0.40). I postulate that peregrines and merlins employ persistent hunting techniques only if surprise attacks are unproductive because of (i) lack of expertise of the falcon, (ii) scarcity of prey, (iii) unsuitable habitat, and (iv) effective early warning by flocking prey. Peregrines captured 50 shorebirds of 11 species, and 3 passerines of 2 species. Merlins captured 28 shorebirds of 8 species, and 16 passerines of 5 species. Adult male merlins were significantly more successful than immatures and adult females combined (38.7 vs. 9.1%, P < 0.00001). Adult peregrines were not significantly more successful than either spring or fall immatures (9.2 vs. 7.2 and 4.9%, P = 0.21, P = 0.24, respectively). Merlins were significantly more successful than peregrines in hunting small passerines (12.2 vs. 3.8%, P = 0.04), but not significantly more successful in hunting small shorebirds (12.6 vs. 8.8%, P = 0.10).

scholarly journals MODEL DISTRIBUSI DIAMETER LIMA JENIS POHON PADA HUTAN TROPIKA BASAH DI KABUPATEN MAMUJU, SULAWESI BARAT

PERENNIAL ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Beta Putranto
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Polynomial Function ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
Diameter Distribution ◽  
Weibull Function ◽  
Suitable Model ◽  
Stem Number ◽  
Tree Diameter ◽  
Tree Diameter Distribution

The objective of this research is to establish the most suitable tree diameter distribution model for five tree species on tropical rain forest in Mamuju District. This research was conducted on two locations. The 50 square plots were sampled systematically for seedling, sapling, pole and tree measurements of bintangur, jambu-jambu, lada-lada, matoa and nyatoh species. The distance among plots was 50 m. Variables to be measured were stem number of seedlings to trees and tree diameter at breast height (1,3 m) of saplings to trees. About 70% of the data were used to establish the best model, the rest of 30% were used to validate the model. Models to be analyzed were fourth-order semi-logarithmic transformed polynomial function, Weibull density function and monotonic decreasing Weibull function. The results show that the five tree species have a similar diameter distribution pattern. The shape of this distribution is the typical of uneven-aged stand distribution on natural forest, namely reversed J shape. The most suitable model for five species is second-order semi-logarithmic transformed polynomial function. Key words: model, diameter distribution, natural forest, uneven-aged stand.

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