scholarly journals Obstetrical aspects of perioperative medicine

2014 ◽  
Vol 155 (29) ◽  
pp. 1147-1151
Author(s):  
Petronella Hupuczi ◽  
János Gál
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Perioperative Management ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Prevention And Treatment

Recently the most frequently applied surgical procedure worldwide has been Cesarean section. It is essential to perform the operation without any complication. In addition, a fast postoperative recovery must be provided, because all mothers must have the chance for being together with their newborn infant even on the first day. The maternal mortality rates of Cesarean section significantly decreased in the last decades due to the planned team work as well as the widely applied regional (spinal and epidural) anesthetic procedures. Apart from the obstetrician and neonatologist the anesthesiologist is the member of the perinatal team, too, who is responsible for the patient’s perioperative care. To prevent complications and have an early successful treatment the anesthesiologist should be informed by the pregnant woman’ s health status in time in order to be able to plan the perioperative management. The high-risk groups of pregnant women, the most common causes of maternal death and possibilities of prevention and treatment are discussed. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(29), 1147–1151.

A Risk Classification Model to Predict Mortality Among Laboratory-Confirmed Avian Influenza A H7N9 Patients: A Population-Based Observational Cohort Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 220 (11) ◽  
pp. 1780-1789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Martinez ◽  
Wei Cheng ◽  
Xiaoxiao Wang ◽  
Feng Ling ◽  
Lan Mu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Avian Influenza ◽  
Risk Score ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Classification Model ◽  
Bilateral Lung ◽  
Predictive Risk

Abstract Background Avian influenza A H7N9 (A/H7N9) is characterized by rapid progressive pneumonia and respiratory failure. Mortality among laboratory-confirmed cases is above 30%; however, the clinical course of disease is variable and patients at high risk for death are not well characterized. Methods We obtained demographic, clinical, and laboratory information on all A/H7N9 patients in Zhejiang province from China Centers for Disease Control and Prevention electronic databases. Risk factors for death were identified using logistic regression and a risk score was created using regression coefficients from multivariable models. We externally validated this score in an independent cohort from Jiangsu province. Results Among 305 A/H7N9 patients, 115 (37.7%) died. Four independent predictors of death were identified: older age, diabetes, bilateral lung infection, and neutrophil percentage. We constructed a score with 0–13 points. Mortality rates in low- (0–3), medium- (4–6), and high-risk (7–13) groups were 4.6%, 32.1%, and 62.7% (Ptrend < .0001). In a validation cohort of 111 A/H7N9 patients, 61 (55%) died. Mortality rates in low-, medium-, and high-risk groups were 35.5%, 55.8, and 67.4% (Ptrend = .0063). Conclusions We developed and validated a simple-to-use, predictive risk score for clinical use, identifying patients at high mortality risk.

scholarly journals Clinical and Economic Aspects of Tuberculosis Detection During Mass Fluorographic Examinations of the Population

2021 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-154
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Markelov ◽  
L. V. Shchegоleva
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Economic Efficiency ◽  
Average Cost ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Economic Aspects ◽  
The Republic ◽  
One Year

Objective: to study the clinical and economic efficiency of mass fluorographic examinations of the population for tuberculosis (TB).Subjects and methods. The study used the data of fluorographic examinations for TB among 2,632,169 people and in its risk groups (n = 44,597) in the Republic of Karelia in 2008–2018.Results. It was found that the increased efficiency of detection of TB could not reduce its one-year mortality in firstly identified patients. The average cost of detecting one TB case during mass examinations was more than 500,000 rubles for this period.Conclusion. Mass fluorographic examinations of the population cannot reduce TB mortality rates and are extremely expensive. To lower the mortality rate and to improve the detection of TB, there is a need for screening high-risk groups for this disease at least once every 6 months.

scholarly journals Spontaneous Rupture of Uterine Artery in a 14-Week Pregnant Woman

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
João Paulo Mancusi de Carvalho ◽  
Luciano Augusto de Carvalho Severo ◽  
Maria Helena Mancusi de Carvalho ◽  
Marina de Paula Andres ◽  
Mariano Tamura Vieira Gomes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Spontaneous Rupture ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Diagnostic Laparoscopy ◽  
Postoperative Recovery ◽  
Healthy Newborn ◽  
Fetal Complications

We report a case of uterine artery rupture in a woman at 14 weeks’ gestation who presented with abdominal pain, tachycardia, and hypotension and underwent a diagnostic laparoscopy. During this procedure, a spontaneous rupture of the left uterine artery was diagnosed and the surgery was converted into a laparotomy. The artery was bound to its origin and to its distal uterine portion. The patient exhibited excellent postoperative recovery and was discharged two days after the surgery. The pregnancy continued without other maternal or fetal complications, and the patient delivered a healthy newborn via cesarean section at 39 weeks of gestation.

scholarly journals The case of a pregnant woman with ARDS due to COVID-19 treated with Hydroxychloroquine, Azithromycin, and Remdesivir and delivery of a healthy baby during mechanical ventilation through cesarean section

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adria Madera-Acosta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Mechanical Ventilation ◽  
Pregnant Woman ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Clinical Outcomes ◽  
Pregnant Female ◽  
Healthy Baby ◽  
Increase Risk

We are in the midst of a pandemic due to SARS-CoV-2. Pregnancy was identified among the risk factors for worse clinical outcomes in multiple studies. The optimal therapy in this group of patients remains to be defined. Here we present the case of a 39 years old Caucasian pregnant female at 31 weeks of gestation who was treated successfully with hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, remdesivir, prone therapy, and cesarean delivery of a healthy baby while on mechanical ventilation. The SARS-CoV-2 remained positive until the 39th day of hospitalization. We discussed the pathophysiology of the increase risk of infections during pregnancy and particularly the high risk of microthombosis and coagulopathy due to COVID-19. Ultimately the contribution of the medications used to the favorable outcomes remained unknown being more likely that the delivery helped resolve the infection.

Suicide in Nógrád County, Hungary, 1970-1994

Crisis ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Zonda
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Rate ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Suicide Notes ◽  
Suicidal Intention ◽  
Male Female Ratio

The author examined completed suicides occurring over a period of 25 years in a county of Hungary with a traditionally low (relatively speaking) suicide rate of 25.8. The rates are clearly higher in villages than in the towns. The male/female ratio was close to 4:1, among elderly though only 1.5:1. The high risk groups are the elderly, divorced, and widowed. Violent methods are chosen in 66.4% of the cases. The rates are particularly high in the period April-July. Prior communication of suicidal intention was revealed in 16.3% of all cases. Previous attempts had been undertaken by 17%, which in turn means that 83% of suicides were first attempts. In our material 10% the victims left suicide notes. Psychiatric disorders were present in 60.1% of the cases, and severe, multiple somatic illnesses (including malignomas) were present in 8.8%. The majority of the data resemble those found in the literature.

A(H1N1)v cases of the 2009/2010 and 2010/2011 influenza seasons in the Medical and Health Sciences Centre of Debrecen University

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (17) ◽  
pp. 649-654
Author(s):  
Piroska Orosi ◽  
Judit Szidor ◽  
Tünde Tóthné Tóth ◽  
József Kónya
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Influenza Season ◽  
National Level ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
High Risk Patient ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Health Sciences ◽  
World Health ◽  
Transplant Patients ◽  
Health Organization

The swine-origin new influenza variant A(H1N1) emerged in 2009 and changed the epidemiology of the 2009/2010 influenza season globally and at national level. Aims: The aim of the authors was to analyse the cases of two influenza seasons. Methods: The Medical and Health Sciences Centre of Debrecen University has 1690 beds with 85 000 patients admitted per year. The diagnosis of influenza was conducted using real-time polymerase chain reaction in the microbiological laboratories of the University and the National Epidemiological Centre, according to the recommendation of the World Health Organization. Results: The incidence of influenza was not higher than that observed in the previous season, but two high-risk patient groups were identified: pregnant women and patients with immunodeficiency (oncohematological and organ transplant patients). The influenza vaccine, which is free for high-risk groups and health care workers in Hungary, appeared to be effective for prevention, because in the 2010/2011 influenza season none of the 58 patients who were administered the vaccination developed influenza. Conclusion: It is an important task to protect oncohematological and organ transplant patients. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 649–654.

ON THE ROLE OF BIOMONITORING IN THE ASSESSMENT OF THE HEALTH OF THE POPULATION EXPOSED TO MERCURY

2017 ◽  
pp. 2-7
Author(s):  
L. V. Lukovnikova ◽  
G. I. Sidorin ◽  
L. A. Alikbaeva ◽  
A. V. Galochina
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Biological Monitoring ◽  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Inorganic Compounds ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Comprehensive Approach ◽  
Chemical Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Objects

When examining the population exposed to organic and inorganic compounds of mercury, a comprehensive approach is proposed, including chemical monitoring of environmental objects, biological monitoring, clinical examination of persons exposed to mercury, identification of high-risk groups.

Race and Sex Differences and Fear of Dying: A Test of Two Hypotheses — High Risk or Social Loss?

1987 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan Marks
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Zero Order ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Social Loss ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
The Social

A national sample of noninstitutionalized adult Americans is used to test two hypotheses and their relation to fear of death, The first hypothesis, referred to as the high risk hypothesis (i.e., groups with higher mortality rates will express more fear of death than groups with lower rates of mortality), is rejected. The second hypothesis, referred to as the social loss hypothesis, is developed and tested across six status categories—race, sex, age, religion, level of education, and health status. Zero order differences did appear for sex and race, however, these differences were eliminated with the introduction of controls. Both hypotheses are rejected.

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