scholarly journals Type 1 diabetes mellitus: most recent advances in its pathogenesis and treatment

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (27) ◽  
pp. 1047-1056 ◽  
Author(s):  
András Zóka ◽  
Anikó Somogyi ◽  
Gábor Firneisz
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Mhc Genes ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

The incidence and prevalence of diabetes mellitus is globally increasing. The causes of this trend are relatively obvious in the case of type 2 diabetes. In contrast, in case of type 1 diabetes the amount of available data is continuously growing, but the causes are not so well defined. The genetic risk, especially related to the MHC genes is well known, and the increasing amount of data underlines the role of additional risks due to non-MHC genetic polimorphisms. Hopefully, they will provide the basis for future diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. There is increasing knowledge about the pathophysiological aspects including the role of immunological disregulation (balance of autotolerance, role of regulatory T-cells) and environmental triggers (nutrients, viruses). Information on the entero-insular axis and the β-cell protective role of incretin hormones might offer an opportunity for new therapeutic strategies. In this paper, the authors try to summarize some current aspects of the pathomechanism and related therapeutic approaches. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 1047–1056.

6. Appetite, fat, and obesity

2014 ◽  
pp. 74-87
Author(s):  
Martin Luck
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
The Body ◽  
Storage Process ◽  
Lifestyle Disease ◽  
Energy Shortage

‘Appetite, fat, and obesity’ considers the role of insulin in the body’s fat storage process. In the condition diabetes mellitus, the sugar level in the blood rises uncontrollably so the kidneys cannot stop it leaking into the urine. Type 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease in which a person’s immune system attacks the insulin-secreting β-cells of the pancreas. The only effective treatment is to inject the missing insulin. Type 2 diabetes is considered more of a lifestyle disease. But what exactly is the connection between obesity and poorly regulated blood glucose? The body has more hormones capable of responding to energy shortage than to energy abundance, which may be why keeping control of body weight can be difficult. The hormones affecting appetite are also discussed.

The role of bariatric surgery in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (6) ◽  
pp. 524-528
Author(s):  
Dita Pichlerová
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Bariatric Surgery ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Case Reports

Bariatric surgery procedures are recognized as the most successful method of treating diabetes in obese patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Despite the fact that the number of obese type 1 diabetics has been constantly increasing in the last decade, bariatric surgery in these patients is still waiting to be widely used and standardized. Bariatric surgery has been proposed as an effective treatment for these patients, although data are scarce, based on case reports and retrospective studies. The article summarizes the current knowledge about the use of bariatric surgery in type 1 diabetics with obesity an cites some of the previous studies. Bariatric surgery is not yet routinely recommended in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

ROLE OF PROINFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES IN PATHOGENESIS OF ARTHROPATHIES IN PATIENTS WITH DIABETES MELLITUS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 2476-2481
Author(s):  
Valeriya L. Orlenko ◽  
Maria H. Kravchuk
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Joint Damage ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

The aim: Of our work was to study the level of proinflammatory cytokines in patients with diabetic arthropathy and to investigate their possible effect on the development of this complication. Materials and methods: 118 patients were examined, which were divided into groups by type of diabetes, the presence and severity of diabetic arthropathy. The content of IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6 and receptors to S IL-6-R in serum was determined by immunoassay. Results: In patients with diabetic arthropathy, levels of TNF-α (with type 1 diabetes 44.5%, type 2 diabetes 42.9%) and IL-6 (with type 1 diabetes 52.1%, with diabetes 2 types by 64.4%) significantly increased. There is a direct correlation between the severity of joint damage and the level of TNF-α and IL-6. For IL -1, receptors for S IL-6-R have not been detected. Conclusions: The chances of detecting arthropathy with type 1 diabetes with increasing TNF levels increase by 1.7 times, with an increase in IL-6 by 1.5 times. For type 2 diabetes, it is 1.8 and 1.3 times, respectively. Thus, TNF-α and IL-6 may be markers of the presence and progression of arthropathy in patients with diabetes mellitus

scholarly journals Islet Amyloid in Whole Pancreas Transplants for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (DM): Possible Role of Type 2 DM for Graft Failure

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 2495-2500 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. León Fradejas ◽  
D. Kandil ◽  
J. C. Papadimitriou ◽  
M. del Pino Flórez Rial ◽  
E. Prieto Sánchez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Graft Failure ◽  
Islet Amyloid ◽  
Type 2 Dm
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