scholarly journals Neuroendocrine dysfunctions and their consequences following traumatic brain injury

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (24) ◽  
pp. 927-933 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sándor Czirják ◽  
Károly Rácz ◽  
Miklós Góth
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Adrenal Insufficiency ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Ice Hockey ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Public Health Importance ◽  
Morning Serum Cortisol ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
One Year

Posttraumatic hypopituitarism is of major public health importance because it is more prevalent than previously thought. The prevalence of hypopituitarism in children with traumatic brain injury is unknown. Most cases of posttraumatic hypopituitarism remain undiagnosed and untreated in the clinical practice, and it may contribute to the severe morbidity seen in patients with traumatic brain injury. In the acute phase of brain injury, the diagnosis of adrenal insufficiency should not be missed. Determination of morning serum cortisol concentration is mandatory, because adrenal insufficiency can be life threatening. Morning serum cortisol lower than 200 nmol/L strongly suggests adrenal insufficiency. A complete hormonal investigation should be performed after one year of the trauma. Isolated growth hormone deficiency is the most common deficiency after traumatic brain injury. Sports-related chronic repetitive head trauma (because of boxing, kickboxing, football and ice hockey) may also result in hypopituitarism. Close co-operation between neurosurgeons, endocrinologists, rehabilitation physicians and representatives of other disciplines is important to provide better care for these patients. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 927–933.

scholarly journals Hypothalamo-Pituitary Dysfunction in Patients With Chronic Subdural Hematoma

2012 ◽  
pp. 161-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. HÁNA ◽  
M. KOSÁK ◽  
V. MASOPUST ◽  
D. NETUKA ◽  
Z. LACINOVÁ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Diabetes Insipidus ◽  
Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Chronic Subdural Hematoma ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Hormone Deficiency ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Pituitary Dysfunction ◽  
One Year

Relatively frequent pituitary hormone deficiencies are observed after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and according to the published studies the neuroendocrine consequenses of traumatic brain injury are underdiagnosed. In a cohort of 59 patients (49 males, mean age 68.3 years, 36-88 years) after evacuation of subdural hematoma (SDH) were evaluated hypothalamo-pituitary functions one week after surgery, after three months and after one year. Hypogonadism was present in 26 % of patients in an acute phase, but in the majority had a transient character. Less than half of patients was GH deficient (GHD) according to the GHRH+arginine test. We did not find any serious case of hypocortisolism, hypothyroidism, diabetes insipidus centralis nor syndrome of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH). Transient partial hypocortisolism was present in two cases, but resolved. We did not find relation between extension of SDH or clinical severity and development of hypopituitarism. In conclusion, in some patients with SDH growth hormone deficiency or hypogonadism was present. No serious hypocortisolism, hypothyroidism, diabetes insipidus nor SIADH was observed. The possibility of neuroendocrine dysfunction should be considered in patients with SDH, although the deficits are less frequent than in patients after TBI or SAH.

Trauma centre admissions for traumatic brain injury in France: One-year epidemiological analysis of prospectively collected data

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 100804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis-Marie Paget ◽  
Mathieu Boutonnet ◽  
Jean-Denis Moyer ◽  
Nathalie Delhaye ◽  
Erwan D’Aranda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Trauma Centre ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
One Year

scholarly journals Depression in Men and Women One Year Following Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI): A TBI Model Systems Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Lavoie ◽  
Samantha Sechrist ◽  
Nhung Quach ◽  
Reza Ehsanian ◽  
Thao Duong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
One Year

Clinical and Biochemical Outcomes Following EEG Neurofeedback Training in Traumatic Brain Injury in the Context of Spontaneous Recovery

2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (6) ◽  
pp. 433-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathlyn N. Bennett ◽  
Rajnish K. Gupta ◽  
Puttachandra Prabhakar ◽  
Rita Christopher ◽  
Somanna Sampath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Spontaneous Recovery ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Neurofeedback Training ◽  
Eeg Neurofeedback

It has been found that reduction of posttraumatic stress symptoms is positively associated with the reduction of postconcussive symptoms. Cortisol is commonly used as a biomarker of stress. Understanding the role of posttraumatic stress and cortisol in symptom reduction has implication for neuropsychological rehabilitation particularly in the context of spontaneous recovery. Objective. The aim of the research was to study the effectiveness of EEG neurofeedback training on clinical symptoms, perceived stress, and cortisol in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients in the context of spontaneous recovery. Methods. The design was an experimental longitudinal design with the pre-post comparison. The sample comprised 60 patients with the diagnosis of TBI—30 patients in the neurofeedback training (NFT) group and 30 patients in the treatment as usual group (TAU) group. Half of the patients were recruited within 6 months of injury to study the role of spontaneous recovery and the other half were recruited in the 12 to 18 months postinjury phase. Alpha-theta training was given to the NFT group over 20 sessions. Pre and post comparisons were made on clinical symptom rating, perceived stress, and serum cortisol levels. Results. The results indicate significant differences in symptom reporting and perceived stress between the NFT and TAU groups. Significant differences were also seen in cortisol levels with implications for the acute recovery phase. Conclusion. Alpha-theta NFT has a beneficial effect on symptom reduction as well as perceived stress. It also has a beneficial effect on levels of serum cortisol, corroborating these findings.

scholarly journals Chronic White Matter Degeneration, but No Tau Pathology at One-Year Post-Repetitive Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in a Tau Transgenic Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 576-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benoit Mouzon ◽  
Corbin Bachmeier ◽  
Joseph Ojo ◽  
Christopher Acker ◽  
Scott Ferguson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Mild Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Tau Pathology ◽  
Transgenic Model ◽  
White Matter Degeneration ◽  
One Year

What is a Concussion?

2014 ◽  
pp. 3-4
Author(s):  
David L Brody
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Glasgow Coma Scale ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Coma Scale ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Lab Test ◽  
The Brain

A concussion is a traumatic brain injury, but not an immediately life threatening one. A traumatic brain injury occurs when a sudden force is applied to the brain from outside. But not every force causes a concussion. In fact, most do not. The scalp, skull, and dura do a pretty good job protecting our brains from most of what happens to us on a daily basis. A traumatic brain injury means that the force applied to the brain caused a disruption in the brain’s structure, an impairment of the brain’s function, or both. A CT scan or an MRI scan may be negative, but this does not mean that there has not been a concussion. Traumatic brain injury, especially concussion, is a clinical diagnosis, not based on any lab test or scan. Typically, patients with concussion have Glasgow Coma Scale between 13 and 15.

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