scholarly journals Carbohydrate deficient transferrin in doping and non-doping sportsmen

2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (13) ◽  
pp. 514-517 ◽  
Author(s):  
György Szabó ◽  
Emil Fraenkel ◽  
Gergely Szabó ◽  
Éva Keller ◽  
István Bajnóczky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Security Studies ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
In Doping ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Carbohydrate Deficient Transferrin ◽  
Sport Clubs ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Regular Alcohol Consumption

The determination of carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) concentration is primarily used in social security studies as a proof of regular alcohol consumption exceeding the amount of 60 grams per day. Aims: The present study was performed to investigate into how carbohydrate deficient transferrin CDT values in serum are affected by the so-called food supplements and chemicals included in doping lists. Methods: The investigation was carried out in 15 bodybuilders of two sport clubs and in 10 boxers. All sportsmen were males. In both groups serum carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT%), median red blood cell volume and (MCV) gamma-glutamyl-transpeptidase (GGT) values were measured. Results: The authors found a significant difference between the two groups only in carbohydrate deficient transferrin CDT% that was the CDT% value in bodybuilders was twice as high as in boxers. Conclusion: Not all the details of the specificity of carbohydrate deficient transferrin (CDT) concentration are known, however, the remarkably high sensitivity of the method makes it suitable and probably cost-financially effective for serving as a pre-screening tool in doping tests. Orv. Hetil., 2012, 153, 514–517.

scholarly journals Serum Markers as a Predictor of Hepatic Fibrosis Compared to Fibroscan in chronic hepatitis B Infected Egyptian patients: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Rehab Badawi ◽  
Hanan Soliman ◽  
Dina Ziada ◽  
Mohammed Elhendawy ◽  
Sherief Abd-Elsalam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rank Correlation ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Egyptian Patients ◽  
Chronic Hbv ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

Background & Aims: The gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) to platelet ratio (GPR), the gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase to albumin (GAR) and S-index are novel biomarkers suggested to assess liver fibrosis. The aim of the work was to assess the correlation between GGT and other related markers as GAR and GPR among other previous documented markers and the degree of fibrosis and steatosis in chronic HBV Egyptian patients as measured by fibroscan. Materials And Methods: After ethical approval of the protocol, a total of 170 chronic HBV patients were recruited from tropical medicine department, Tanta University. They underwent fibroscan examination for fibrosis and steatosis measurement with concomitant testing of liver functions and complete blood picture. Proposed serum markers were calculated. The relation between these ratios with the fibrosis and steatosis measured by fibroscan were tested using Pearson rank correlation. Results: There was a highly significant positive correlation between gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and platelet ratio (GPR), GAR, GGT, Fib4, APRI and fibrosis (p=<0.001, <0.001,<0.001,<0.001,0.011 and <0.001 respectively), while there was no correlation with the degree of steatosis (p=0.922,0.66,0.936,0.214,0.591 and 0.760 respectively). Also these markers were significantly higher in patients with higher grades of fibrosis (f2-4) (p= 0.007,0.013,<0.001,0.018,0.029,and 0.002 respectively), they also showed high sensitivity and low specificity in detecting higher grades of fibrosis with no statistically significant difference between the AUC of GPR and GAR (p=0.89). Conclusion: Noninvasive serum markers including GGT, GPR, GAR, Fib4, APRI, and S-index are positively correlated to the degree of fibrosis in CHB patients with high sensitivity and low specificity. They were good negative tests for diagnosis of significant fibrosis.

scholarly journals Glutathione replenishment capacity is lower in isolated perivenous than in periportal hepatocytes

1988 ◽  
Vol 254 (2) ◽  
pp. 411-417 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y Kera ◽  
K E Penttilä ◽  
K O Lindros
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Synthetase ◽  
Synthetase Activity ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Zonal Distribution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Glutamylcysteine Synthetase ◽  
Gsh Metabolism ◽  
Collagenase Perfusion ◽  
Sulphur Amino Acids ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase

The zonal distribution of GSH metabolism was investigated by comparing hepatocytes obtained from the periportal (zone 1) or perivenous (zone 3) region by digitonin/collagenase perfusion. Freshly isolated periportal and perivenous cells had similar viability (dye exclusion, lactate dehydrogenase leakage and ATP content) and GSH content (2.4 and 2.7 mumol/g respectively). During incubation, periportal cells slowly accumulated GSH (0.35 mumol/h per g), whereas in perivenous cells a decrease occurred (-0.14 mumol/h per g). Also, in the presence of either L-methionine or L-cysteine (0.5 mM) periportal hepatocytes accumulated GSH much faster (3.5 mumol/h per g) than did perivenous cells (1.9 mumol/h per g). These periportal-perivenous differences were also found in cells from fasted rats. Efflux of GSH was faster from perivenous cells than from periportal cells, but this difference only explained 10-20% of the periportal-perivenous difference in accumulation. Furthermore, periportal cells accumulated GSH to a plateau 26-40% higher than in perivenous cells. There was no significant difference in gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase or glutathione synthetase activity between the periportal and perivenous cell preparations. The periportal-perivenous difference in GSH accumulation was unaffected by inhibition of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase or by 5 mM-glutamate or -glutamine, but was slightly diminished by 2 mM-L-methionine. This suggests differences between periportal and perivenous cells in their metabolism and/or transport of (sulphur) amino acids. Our results suggest that a lower GSH replenishment capacity of the hepatocytes from the perivenous region may contribute to the greater vulnerability of this region to xenobiotic damage.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF TRANSAMINASES AND CREATINE KINASE LEVELS IN PATIENTS WITH MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY AND MUSCULOSKELETAL DISEASES

2014 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Junaid Mahmood Alam ◽  
Sumaira Imran Farooqui ◽  
Fatima Hussain ◽  
Syed Riaz Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Dystrophy ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
Hepatic Injury ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Gamma Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Glutamyl Transpeptidase ◽  
Muscular Damage ◽  
Regression Correlation

BACKGROUND The transaminases, ALT and AST (alanine and aspartate transaminases, respectively), that are generally considered to be the hepatic enzymes, also found in skeletal muscles. Continual elevated levels of both enzymes in patients with several forms of muscular dystrophy and musculoskeletal diseases have been documented in several studies. AIM AND OBJECTIVES The present study is undertaken to examine the possibility of highlighting transaminases elevation in muscular dystrophy as an indicator of concomitant muscular damage, rather than hepatic injury due to medications, and relate its significance with underlying myofibrillar damages. MATERIALS AND METHODS Data of a total of 52 patients (males = 38, females = 14) were obtained during December 2006 to December 2011 and complied as per criteria. Plasma CK enzyme and transaminases (AST and ALT) levels were performed by enzymatic methods on Hitachi 912. A specific hepatic marker gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) was also measured to assess the extent or presence of hepatic damages. All enzymatic data were analyzed using regression correlation analyses with significance level of P < 0.05. RESULTS Cumulative as well as individual data analysis showed significant correlation of transaminases with CK, which is the distinct indicator of muscle damage. ALT R2 correlation with CK showed linear regression correlation of R2 = 0.796 and for AST R2 = 0.814. Cumulative mean of CK was 406.83 ± 20.15 IU/L; ALT = 70.86 ± 10.21 IU/L, AST = 68.78 ± 8.30 IU/L and GT = 20.13 ± 4.30 IU/L. CONCLUSION The present study describes the elevated level of transaminase, ALT and AST in patients of muscular dystrophy and myopathies. It was also exhibited that both transaminases concentration linearly correlated with muscle marker CK. No hepatic damage was noted in all patients as manifested by normal levels of GGT, a distinct marker of hepatic origin.

scholarly journals DETERMINATION OF REACTIVE HBsAg CUT-OFF THAT NEED CONFIRMATORY TEST

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 251
Author(s):  
Sherly Purnamawaty ◽  
Irda Handayani ◽  
Asvin Nurulita ◽  
Uleng Bahrun
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Roc Curve ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Total Test

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is the earliest and most important serological marker for the diagnosis of HBV infection. The availability of new methods with a high sensitivity to detect HBsAg results in the increase of false reactive results so that a confirmatory test is needed,but this will increase the total test cost. A reactive cut-off value for a confirmatory test is needed to make the use of this test more efficient. This study was a cross-sectional. All the specimens with HBsAg >0.17 Cut-Off Index (COI) were confirmed with HBsAg confirmatory test. HBsAg test used a sandwich ELFA method while HBsAg confirmatory test used an antibody neutralization method. Analysis of the ROC curve obtained HBsAg cut-off value that need confirmatory test. Total samples were 80 with 51 (63.8%) confirmed reactive and 29 (36.2%) non-reactive. There was a statistically significant difference between HBsAg that confirmed reactive (median 2.76 COI) and non-reactive (median 0.32 COI) (p<0.001). ROC curve showed an AUC of 0.805 which meant a good diagnostic performance for HBsAg test based on a confirmatory test. The specificity of 89.66% and sensitivity 64.71% were obtained from the cut-off 1.08 COI and considered the best cut-off. Some possible causes of false reactive results were Hepatitis B vaccine, G-CSF therapy and limitation of the HBsAg methods. HBsAg cut-off with ELFA method that need HBsAg confirmatory test was <1.08 COI. The researchers suggests further studies with different sampling methods so a better data distribution can be obtained.

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