scholarly journals Measure of fitness and physical activity related to cardiovascular diseases and death

2011 ◽  
Vol 152 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Apor
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Cardiovascular Events ◽  
Endurance Performance ◽  
Reverse Correlation

The quality of fitness (aerobic capacity, maximal endurance performance or highly related physiological parameters) or physical activity improving fitness show a tight, reverse correlation to the all-cause and to the cardiovascular mortality within. The most fit one third of the population expect a 30–40 percent smaller chance for cardiovascular events, compared to the less fit third quarter. Low fitness (that can be changed) is just as a threatening risk factor as the traditional ones, its detection calls out for simple interventions to improve fitness: proper physical exercise. Orv. Hetil., 2011, 152, 107–113.

Wybrane czynniki ryzyka chorób układu sercowo-naczyniowego związane z miażdżycą tętnic jako problem zdrowotny wśród młodzieży ponadgimnazjalnej

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1A) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zdzisława Chmiel ◽  
Grażyna Hejda ◽  
Monika Binkowska-Bury
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
World Health ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk Factors ◽  
Atherosclerosis Risk Factor ◽  
Recommended Physical Activity

Introduction. A World Health Organization (WHO) conference on a “second wave” epidemic of cardiovascular diseases, directly linked to arterial sclerosis (AS), predicts that in 2020 cardiovascular diseases will most likely be the leading cause of death in the world. The development of AS begins in youth and progresses with age. It’s intensity depends on the risk factors involved, such as: smoking, hypertension, obesity and fat and sugar disorders in the body. Aim. The aim of this study was to establish the risk factors of cardiovascular diseases and their existence, among the youth of the upper gymnasium school. Material and methods. The research was conducted using 511 volunteer students from upper and lower gymnasium schools, between 16-19 years of age. Our research methods included: a diagnostic questionnaire, the measurement of blood pressure (BP) and anthropometric measurements. In the statistical study, we used chi-square independence testing, the V-Kramer test and the tau-b Kendall test; the level of changes α = 0.05 – was used. Results. Over a half of the study group (52.5%) was characterised with the lack of recommended physical activity, much more common in girls than boys (p = 0.000), just like smoking (p = 0.009) which was declared by 39.7% of the interviewed youth. In turn, a heightened value of systolic and diastolic pressure occurred more often in boys (19.6%) than in girls (12.1%); (p = 0.000 vs. p = 0.003). Excessive body mass was noted in 15.7% of the respondents, also more often in boys than in girls (p = 0.02), and abdominal obesity occurred in 10.2% of the respondents, with no significant differences between the sexes. 42.3% of the respondents showed one, 29.9% showed two and 18.8% showed three atherosclerosis risk factors. 9.0% of the study group showed 4 and more such risk factors. Accumulation of atherosclerosis risk factors occurred significantly more often in girls than in boys (p = 0.002). Conclusions. In all the respondents at least one atherosclerosis risk factor was found, and in over half of the study group, more frequently in girls than in boys, an accumulation of two or more risk factors was observed. Lack of recommended physical activity was the most frequent atherosclerosis risk factor occurring in the youth.

scholarly journals Exercise intensity to maximal aerobic speed, physical activity level and heart rate variability in postmenopausal women

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Felipe de Ornelas ◽  
Danilo Rodrigues Batista ◽  
Vlademir Meneghel ◽  
Wellington Gonçalves Dias ◽  
Guilherme Borsetti Businari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Maximal Aerobic Speed

Physical inactivity is main cause of disease worldwide. Identify the physical exercise preference, resulting in increases adherence and future intention to perform physical activity. The preference of the intensity of exercise questionnaire (PRETIE-Q) is the main tool used to assess preference in physical exercise. Variables as age, body mass index (BMI), usual physical activity level (PAL), maximal oxygen uptake (VO2máx), can influence in PRETIE-Q answers. The purpose of this study was investigate if there is relation between preference for exercise intensity with maximal aerobic speed (MAS), PAL and heart rate variability (HRV) in postmenopausal women phase. Participated of study 30 subjects who answer PRETIE-Q together with analyses of MAS, PAL and HRV. Preference was large correlated with MAS (r = 0.63), PAL (r = 0.57) and HRVRMSSD (r = 0.52). Together, MAS (40.4%), PAL (10.7%) and HRVRMSSD (6.4%) explained 57.5% of the preference score. This results study allow to health professional, that prescribe physical exercise, understand that subjects with high aerobic capacity, cardiovagal modulation and usual PAL will have preference for high intensity exercise. In consequence, can increase the adherence to systematic practice of physical exercise. Conclude that preference of exercise intensity for women in postmenopausal phase is related with aerobic capacity, high HRV and physical activity level.

The association of innate and acquired aerobic capacity with resilience in healthy adults: Protocol for an eight-week randomized controlled web-based physical exercise intervention study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Tobias Ochmann ◽  
Keito F A Philippi ◽  
Peter Zeier ◽  
Magdalena Sandner ◽  
Barlo Hillen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Active Lifestyle ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Physically Inactive

BACKGROUND Physical activity ameliorates chronic stress. Latest research suggests a relation between resilience and physical fitness. Beneficial adaptations of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis, the sympathetic nervous system, the endocannabinoid system, and the tryptophan pathway, induced by an active lifestyle, are considered to be resilience conducive. However, detailed knowledge on the molecular link between the effects of acute and chronic physical exercise and an improved resilience is missing. OBJECTIVE Therefore, we implement a human exercise intervention trial addressing the main hypotheses: (1) web-based exercise training improves aerobic capacity of physically inactive adults, which (2) is accompanied by improved resilience. In this setting, we will analyze the relation of resilience parameters with innate and acquired aerobic capacity as well as circulating signaling molecules. METHODS 70 healthy physically inactive (<150min/week physical activity) adults (18-45y) will be randomly assigned to an intervention or control group. Participants in the intervention group receive weekly training utilizing progressive endurance and interval running individually adapted to their training performance via web-based physician support. A standardized incremental treadmill exercise test is performed before and after the intervention period of eight weeks to determine innate and acquired aerobic capacity. Before and after the intervention psychological tests and questionnaires that characterize parameters implicated in resilience (including impulse control, working memory, stress coping, emotion regulation) will be applied. Blood, and saliva will be sampled for analysis of lactate, cortisol, endocannabinoids, catecholamines, kynurenic acid, cell-free DNA and further circulating signal transducers. Statistical analysis will provide comprehensive knowledge on the relation of aerobic capacity and resilience, and furthermore, the capacity of peripheral factors to mediate the promoting effects of exercise on resilience. RESULTS The study was registered in October 2019. Enrollment began in September 2019. Out of 161 subjects, who were initially screened via telefon survey, 43 fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were included. Among the 17 participants in the intervention group, and 14 participants in the control group, who completed the study (total 31), no serious adverse event has been reported. Four participants withdrew during the programm (individual reasons), and 8 participants have not yet completed or begun the program due to the Covid-19 pandemic. Enrollment and data analysis are ongoing, and results are expected to be submitted for publication in October 2021. CONCLUSIONS Our study aims to demonstrate that an increase in physical activity with a simultaneous improvement in aerobic capacity is associated with an increase in resilience. This study design allows to investigate the effect of an active lifestyle on circulating molecular marker levels and their relationship to resilience factors. This will offer novel approaches for the diagnosis of depression and the therapy by exercise prescription. CLINICALTRIAL DRKS00018078, registered October 02, 2019, German Clinical Trials Register. Retrospectively registered: First participant September 10, 2019.

PENGARUH LATIHAN FISIK AEROBIK DENGAN INTENSITAS SEDANG TERHADAP KONDISI MAKROSKOPIK DAN GAMBARAN HISTOPATOLOGI MIOKARD MENCIT BALB/C

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 30
Author(s):  
Niswan Helja Batubara ◽  
Nova Sylviana ◽  
Hasrayati Agustina ◽  
Hadaral Hudanul Qolbi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Pathological Condition ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Intensity Increase ◽  
Pathological Features ◽  
Histopathologic Features

Cardiovascular diseases is one of the non-communicable diseases that has been the leading cause of death compared to other causes. Actually, cardiovascular diseases can be prevented with avoiding the risk factors and lifestyle improvements such as doing physical exercise. Useful physical exercise according to according to The American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) is a moderate intensity aerobic exercise conducted 30 minutes in time for 5 days a week. This research aims to study the effects of moderate intensity aerobic exercise on macroscopic conditions, histopathologic features of the myocardium of mice. This research using 35 male balb/c mice devided to 3 groups (control, physical activity, exercise). Variables in this research included duration of physical activity and exercise, macroscopic conditions, histopathologic features of the myocardium of balb/c mice. After 10 and 28 days of exposure, the heart were harvested. The macroscopic conditions, histopathologic features of the myocardium were examined. The weight of heart in physical activity group was greater than control group (p=0.009). Similarly, the weight of heart exercise group was also greater compared to control group (p=0.013). The histopathologic features in physical activity and physical exercise groups showed pathological features of myocardial infarction (p=0.242). While in the control group did not show pathological features. Aerobic physical activity moderate intensity increase the risk of pathological condition of heart in the form of myocardial infarct through the macroscopic conditions and histological features of myocardium. Meanwhile, exercise with moderate intensity affect the physiological hypertrophy of the myocardium.

scholarly journals Feasibility and efficacy of a supervised home-based physical exercise program for metastatic cancer patients receiving oral targeted therapy: study protocol for the phase II/III - UNICANCER SdS 01 QUALIOR trial

BMC Cancer ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Florence Joly ◽  
Claudia Lefeuvre-Plesse ◽  
Claire Garnier-Tixidre ◽  
Carole Helissey ◽  
Nathalie Menneveau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Targeted Therapy ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Phase Ii ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Activity Program ◽  
Home Based

Abstract Background Currently, oral targeted therapies are known to be effective and are frequently used to treat metastatic cancer patients, but fatigue is a frequently reported early side effect of these treatments. This fatigue may impact the patient’s treatment adherence and result in a negative impact on quality of life. Physical exercise significantly improved the general well-being and quality of life of advanced cancer patients. However, there is no specific physical activity program adapted for patients with advanced disease. Methods QUALIOR is a two-part, randomized, open-label, and multicenter with two arms phase II/III trial. Patients (phase II: n = 120; phase III: n = 312) with metastatic cancer (breast cancer, kidney cancer, lung cancer, and other cancers [including but not limited to colon cancer, melanoma, sarcoma, or hepatocarcinoma]) treated with a first- or second-line oral targeted therapy without chemotherapy will be included. Patients will be randomized (2:1) to a 3-month supervised home-based standardized physical activity program or to a recommended adapted physical activity (via a booklet). The primary objective of the phase II is to evaluate the feasibility of the supervised program. The primary objective of the phase III is the evaluation of the benefit of the supervised home-based program compare to the recommended program in terms of fatigue and quality of life at 3 months. The secondary objectives aim to evaluate the impact of the supervised program on fatigue over time, pain, physical capacities, psychosocial and cognitive functions, general quality of life, frequency of dose reduction and patients’ adherence to the targeted therapy, overall survival, and progression-free survival. This study will also evaluate the medico-economic impact of supervised program compared to the recommended adapted physical activity program. Discussion The aim of this study is to evaluate home-based physical exercise program for metastatic cancer patients treated with oral targeted therapies to help patients to cope with fatigue and improve quality of life. Trial registration This trial was registered in ClinicalTrials.gov since May 2017 (NCT03169075).

The effect of creatine supplementation on muscle function in childhood myositis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled feasibility study

2020 ◽  
pp. jrheum.191375
Author(s):  
Saunya Dover ◽  
Samantha Stephens ◽  
Jane E. Schneiderman ◽  
Eleanor Pullenayegum ◽  
Greg D. Wells ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Muscle Function ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Creatine Supplementation ◽  
Muscle Metabolism ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Double Blind

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of studying creatine in juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM). Secondary objectives were to determine the effect of creatine on muscle function and metabolism, aerobic capacity, fatigue, physical activity and quality of life, as well as its safety. Methods We conducted a 6-month double-blind, randomized, multiple-baseline design; patients were assigned to creatine or placebo. Feasibility was assessed using attended study visits, completed study procedures, and adherence. Muscle function, aerobic capacity and muscle strength were assessed with standardized exercise tests. Muscle metabolism was assessed using a 31-Phosphorus Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy protocol. Fatigue, physical activity and quality of life were assessed by questionnaires. Statistical significance was estimated using a randomization (permutation) test. Changes in outcome measures taken at baseline and end-of-study were calculated using paired t tests. Results Median (range) adherence to the study drug was 88.5% (20.5-95.5%) and the proportion of subjects with 80% adherence or higher was 76.9%. There were no missed study visits. There were no statistically significant changes in muscle function, strength, aerobic capacity, disease activity, fatigue, physical activity or quality of life while subjects were on creatine compared to placebo. There were statistically significant adaptations in muscle metabolism (e.g., decrease in change in muscle pH following exercise, and decrease in Phosphate/Phosphocreatine ratio) at the end-of-study, compared to baseline. There were no significant adverse effects. Conclusion Creatine supplementation in children with JDM is feasible to study, and is safe and well-tolerated; it may lead to improvements in muscle metabolism.

scholarly journals Actividad física y sueño en un grupo de tres adolescentes con autismo (Physical activity and sleep in a group of three teenagers with autism)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 248-254
Author(s):  
Andrés García Gómez ◽  
Miguel Moratinos Morillo ◽  
Juan Carlos Zambrano Sánchez ◽  
Librado José Cotrina Santano
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Triaxial Accelerometer ◽  
Clear Effect ◽  
Walking Program ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
The Difference

El propósito de este estudio fue comprobar si un aumento en el ejercicio físico podría mejorar el nivel de actividad física promedio y los patrones de sueño en adolescentes con autismo. La actividad física y el patrón de sueño se monitorearon en tres participantes con autismo mediante un acelerómetro triaxial. Los sujetos se sometieron a un programa para aumentar su actividad física a través de caminatas regulares, tres veces por semana durante un mes. Los resultados muestran niveles más altos de actividad física durante los "días de caminata" en comparación con los días sin esa actividad. La diferencia fue estadísticamente significativa y el efecto grande. Los participantes dormían más tiempo en los días con mayor actividad física (incluidos los "días de caminata"). La diferencia fue significativa, pero el efecto fue moderado. El programa de caminatas tuvo un efecto claro sobre el nivel de actividad física de los participantes, acercándolo a las recomendaciones internacionales, con una influencia positiva en su calidad de vida, mejorando su actividad física diaria y el tiempo de sueño.Abstract. The purpose of this study was to find out if an increase in physical exercise could improve the level of average physical activity and sleep patterns in teenagers with autism. Physical activity and sleep pattern were monitored in three participants with autism by a triaxial accelerometer. They joint a programme to increase their physical activity thru regular walks - three times a week during a month. Results shew higher levels of physical activity during the 'walking days' compared the days without that activity. The difference was statistically significant and the effect large. The participants slept more time in the days with increased physical activity (including the ‘walking days’). The difference was significant, but the effect was moderate. The walking program had a clear effect on the level of physical activity in the participants getting them closer to the international recommendations, with positive influence on their quality of life, improving their daily physical activity and sleep.

Characteristics and effects of physical exercise programs for older cancer survivors: A scoping review (Características y efectos de los programas de ejercicio físico para personas mayores sobrevivientes de cáncer: Una revisión de alcance)

Retos ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 370-385
Author(s):  
Igor Cigarroa ◽  
Estefanía Díaz ◽  
Constanza Ortiz ◽  
Raquel Otero ◽  
Irene Cantarero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Cancer Survivors ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
Randomized Clinical Trials ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Calidad De Vida

There is a discrepancy about the characteristics and effects of exercise-based programs in older cancer survivors (OCS). Therefore, this scoping review aimed to identify the characteristics and effects of physical activity programs in OCS health. This scoping review followed the PRISMA guidelines and included randomized clinical trials and clinical trials from MEDLINE by PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, and PEDro, published between 2010 and 2020. Results suggest that physical programs were carried out in health centers (54.2%) and were based on physical exercise (74.4%). The length of the exercise interventions was between 3–6 months (87.5%) was performed 2–3 times per week (73.1%) with a duration between 20–60 minutes (78.2%) and was run by health professionals (94.4%). The health outcomes with the most positive effects were physical activity, depression, and quality of life. In conclusion, physical programs for OCS based on aerobic exercises are safe and could be a therapeutic strategy to improve different health markers in OCS.  Resumen. En la literatura existe discrepancia sobre las características y los efectos de los programas basados en el ejercicio físico en sobrevivientes de cáncer (SC) de edad avanzada. Por lo tanto, esta revisión de alcance tuvo como objetivo identificar las características y los efectos de los programas de actividad física en la salud de personas SC de edad avanzada. Esta revisión de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados y ensayos clínicos, se realizó considerando las siguientes bases de datos: MEDLINE (de Pubmed), Scopus, Scielo y PEDro, entre los años 2010 y 2020. Los resultados indican que los programas de ejercicio se realizaron en centros de salud (54.2%), y se basaron en ejercicio físico principalmente (74.4%). La extensión de las intervenciones físicas fue entre 3–6 meses (87.5%), se realizaron 2–3 veces por semana (73.1%) con una duración entre 20–60 minutos, y fueron dirigidas por profesionales de salud (94.4%). El impacto sobre la salud con mayores efectos positivos fueron la actividad física, la depresión y la calidad de vida. En conclusión, los programas de ejercitación física para personas SC en edad avanzada, basados en ejercicios aeróbicos son seguros y podrían ser una estrategia terapéutica para mejorar diferentes variables de salud en este grupo de personas.

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