Response of glutathione conjugation system to soil borneRhizoctoniainfection of okra

2012 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bittsánszky ◽  
V. Rai Ravishankar ◽  
G. Oros
Keyword(s):  
Conjugation System ◽  
Glutathione Conjugation

scholarly journals Development of a bispecific immune engager using a recombinant malaria protein

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mie A. Nordmaj ◽  
Morgan E. Roberts ◽  
Emilie S. Sachse ◽  
Robert Dagil ◽  
Anne Poder Andersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Immune Evasion ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Xenograft Model ◽  
Cancer Targeting ◽  
Single Chain Variable Fragment ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Conjugation System ◽  
Immune Mediated

AbstractAs an immune evasion and survival strategy, the Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite has evolved a protein named VAR2CSA. This protein mediates sequestration of infected red blood cells in the placenta through the interaction with a unique carbohydrate abundantly and exclusively present in the placenta. Cancer cells were found to share the same expression of this distinct carbohydrate, termed oncofetal chondroitin sulfate on their surface. In this study we have used a protein conjugation system to produce a bispecific immune engager, V-aCD3, based on recombinant VAR2CSA as the cancer targeting moiety and an anti-CD3 single-chain variable fragment linked to a single-chain Fc as the immune engager. Conjugation of these two proteins resulted in a single functional moiety that induced immune mediated killing of a broad range of cancer cells in vitro and facilitated tumor arrest in an orthotopic bladder cancer xenograft model.

scholarly journals When the Nose Must Remain Responsive: Glutathione Conjugation of the Mammary Pheromone in the Newborn Rabbit

2014 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 425-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Legendre ◽  
P. Faure ◽  
H. Tiesset ◽  
C. Potin ◽  
I. Jakob ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Conjugation ◽  
Newborn Rabbit ◽  
Mammary Pheromone

Induction of DNA repair in rat spermatocytes and hepatocytes by 1,2-dibromoethane: the role of glutathione conjugation

1986 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 467-472 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter K. Working ◽  
Tracey Smith-Oliver ◽  
Russell D. White ◽  
Byron E. Butterworth
Keyword(s):  
Dna Repair ◽  
Glutathione Conjugation

Inactivation of the carcinogen, 5-hydroxymethylchrysene, by glutathione conjugation via a sulphate ester in hepatic cytosol

1986 ◽  
Vol 35 (24) ◽  
pp. 4573-4576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haruhiro Okuda ◽  
Kiyoshi Miwa ◽  
Hiroshi Nojima ◽  
Tadashi Watabe
Keyword(s):  
Glutathione Conjugation

scholarly journals Head-to-Head Comparison of Modular Vaccines Developed Using Different Capsid Virus-Like Particle Backbones and Antigen Conjugation Systems

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 539
Author(s):  
Laurits Fredsgaard ◽  
Louise Goksøyr ◽  
Susan Thrane ◽  
Kara-Lee Aves ◽  
Thor G. Theander ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Human Papillomavirus ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Capsid Protein ◽  
Major Capsid Protein ◽  
Molecular Scaffolds ◽  
Conjugation System ◽  
Virus Like Particles ◽  
Virus Like Particle ◽  
Specific Igg

Capsid virus-like particles (cVLPs) are used as molecular scaffolds to increase the immunogenicity of displayed antigens. Modular platforms have been developed whereby antigens are attached to the surface of pre-assembled cVLPs. However, it remains unknown to what extent the employed cVLP backbone and conjugation system may influence the immune response elicited against the displayed antigen. Here, we performed a head-to-head comparison of antigen-specific IgG responses elicited by modular cVLP-vaccines differing by their employed cVLP backbone or conjugation system, respectively. Covalent antigen conjugation (i.e., employing the SpyTag/SpyCatcher system) resulted in significantly higher antigen-specific IgG titers compared to when using affinity-based conjugation (i.e., using biotin/streptavidin). The cVLP backbone also influenced the antigen-specific IgG response. Specifically, vaccines based on the bacteriophage AP205 cVLP elicited significantly higher antigen-specific IgG compared to corresponding vaccines using the human papillomavirus major capsid protein (HPV L1) cVLP. In addition, the AP205 cVLP platform mediated induction of antigen-specific IgG with a different subclass profile (i.e., higher IgG2a and IgG2b) compared to HPV L1 cVLP. These results demonstrate that the cVLP backbone and conjugation system can individually affect the IgG response elicited against a displayed antigen. These data will aid the understanding and process of tailoring modular cVLP vaccines to achieve improved immune responses.

scholarly journals A comparative in-silico analysis of autophagy proteins in ciliates

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e2878 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erhan Aslan ◽  
Nurçin Küçükoğlu ◽  
Muhittin Arslanyolu
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Process ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Ichthyophthirius Multifiliis ◽  
Conjugation System ◽  
Atg Proteins ◽  
Eukaryotic Genes ◽  
Multicellular Organisms ◽  
Computational Analyses ◽  
Silico Analysis

Autophagy serves as a turnover mechanism for the recycling of redundant and/or damaged macromolecules present in eukaryotic cells to re-use them under starvation conditions via a double-membrane structure known as autophagosome. A set of eukaryotic genes called autophagy-related genes (ATGs) orchestrate this highly elaborative process. The existence of these genes and the role they play in different eukaryotes are well-characterized. However, little is known of their role in some eukaryotes such as ciliates. Here, we report the computational analyses of ATG genes in five ciliate genomes to understand their diversity. Our results show that Oxytricha trifallax is the sole ciliate which has a conserved Atg12 conjugation system (Atg5-Atg12-Atg16). Interestingly, Oxytricha Atg16 protein includes WD repeats in addition to its N-terminal Atg16 domain as is the case in multicellular organisms. Additionally, phylogenetic analyses revealed that E2-like conjugating protein Atg10 is only present in Tetrahymena thermophila. We fail to find critical autophagy components Atg5, Atg7 and Atg8 in the parasitic ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis. Contrary to previous reports, we also find that ciliate genomes do not encode typical Atg1 since all the candidate sequences lack an Atg1-specific C-terminal domain which is essential for Atg1 complex formation. Consistent with the absence of Atg1, ciliates also lack other members of the Atg1 complex. However, the presence of Atg6 in all ciliates examined here may rise the possibility that autophagosome formation could be operated through Atg6 in ciliates, since Atg6 has been shown as an alternative autophagy inducer. In conclusion, our results highlight that Atg proteins are partially conserved in ciliates. This may provide a better understanding for the autophagic destruction of the parental macronucleus, a developmental process also known as programmed nuclear death in ciliates.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document