scholarly journals A szájüreg leggyakoribb bakteriális eredetű kórképeinek jellegzetességei, diagnosztikája és kezelése

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (19) ◽  
pp. 739-746
Author(s):  
Károly Mensch ◽  
Gábor Nagy† ◽  
Ádám Nagy ◽  
Andrea Bródy
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Bacterial Diseases ◽  
Dental Biofilm ◽  
Untreated Caries ◽  
Dental Foci

Abstract: Billions of microorganisms can be found in the oral cavity, from which bacteria are the most frequent. More than 600 bacterial species can be isolated. Most of them are harmless, moreover, some species prove themselves to be specifically useful. However, in the case of a weakened immune status or inappropriate oral hygiene, they may cause many types of soft and hard tissue disorders. Caries and periodontal diseases are the most common bacterial diseases of the oral cavity. In both cases, the dental biofilm gives rise to the disorder, which is caused by the insufficient oral hygiene. Dental caries are mainly caused by cariogenic streptococci and lactobacilli. In the case of serious periodontal diseases, anaerob parodonto-pathogen microorganisms play the major role. Untreated caries may result in the necrosis of the pulp, which can cause an inflammation expanding towards the parodontium. This can be characterized as a focal infection, like the untreated periodontal pockets. Dental foci may have lots of systemic consequences such as cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, pneumonia, arthritis, preterm birth and alopecia areata. When these diseases occur, dental foci should always be considered. The professional plaque control and chlorhexidine rinsing before the proposed surgeries have an outstanding role in the prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia. Oral cancer is multicausal; more and more researchers are analyzing the role of certain bacteria in the carcinogenesis of oral cancer. In addition to the mentioned clinical aspects, we are planning to describe the relatively rare, but diverse and diagnostically challenging bacterial soft tissue disorders in another publication. Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(19): 739–746.

Surveying adherence of dental clinic patients to preventive measures in oral cavity

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. Kudryavtseva ◽  
V. V. Tachalov ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
E. Yu. Nechai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
The Many ◽  
The Impact

Relevance. Periodontal diseases are a medical and social problem due to the wide spread among the population of developed countries and the impact on the quality of life. Among the many factors that are important in the development of inflammatory periodontal diseases, an important role is played by adherence to the recommendations of the dentist in respecting oral hygiene. Aim of the work was to study the adherence of patients of the dental clinic to compliance with preventive measures in the oral cavity.Materials and methods. A total of 98 patients of dental clinic, 62 female (medial age 38,6 ± 14,0 years) and 36 male (medial age 37,2±13,1 years) participated in survey. The study participants flled in the profle and answered questions about age, gender, harmful working conditions and bad habits, frequency of visits to the dental clinic, attitudes to the prevention of dental diseases, knowledge about the means and methods of oral hygiene.Results. As a result of the study, it was found that in the vast majority of cases, respondents are employed in production that does not adversely affect their health (91%), only 8% of patients indicated harmful working conditions.Conclusions. The study revealed that, despite the recommendations of the dentist, patients are not always committed to the implementation of preventive measures in the oral cavity. Dentists need to motivate patients to use not only the usual methods and means of hygiene, but also additional ones necessary for maintaining dental health.

ASPECTOS ANTROPOLÓGICOS, BIOQUÍMICOS, MICROBIOLÓGICOS E CLÍNICOS DO CÁLCULO DENTÁRIO: UMA REVISÃO DA LITERATURA

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raphael Hirata Júnior
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Dental Calculus ◽  
Dental Biofilm

Resumo: O cálculo dentário é uma estrutura calcificada a partir do biofilme dentário (placa bacteriana) que, após o seu estabelecimento, é de difícil remoção e constitui um mecanismo de patogenicidade importante em diversas situações patológicas da cavidade oral por estar sempre coberto por uma camada viável de biofilme não mineralizada. A presente revisão de literatura releva a importância dos biofilmes calcificados nos contextos de doença, seus aspectos clínicos e microbiológicos em tempos anciães e contemporâneos, e sobre as medidas terapêuticas e preventivas. Apesar de todo conhecimento gerado sobre as doenças da cavidade oral, ainda são limitadas as abordagens clínicas a respeito dos mecanismos de controle dos cálculos dentários.Abstract: Dental calculus is a calcified structure from the dental biofilm (plaque), which, after its establishment, is difficult to remove and constitutes an important mechanism of pathogenicity in various pathological situations of the oral cavity because it is always covered by a viable layer of non-mineralized biofilm. The present literature highlights the importance of calcified biofilms in disease contexts, clinical and microbiological of dental calculus aspects in ancient and contemporary eras, and in therapeutic and preventive measures. Despite all the knowledge generated about the diseases of the oral cavity, the clinical approaches regarding the mechanisms of control of dental calculus still need investigations.Palavras Chave: Cálculo dentário, Calcificação do biofilme, Higiene oralKey words: Dental calculus, Biofilm calcification, Oral hygiene

scholarly journals Role of Oral Microbiome Signatures in Diagnosis and Prognosis of Oral Cancer

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 153303381986735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indranil Chattopadhyay ◽  
Mukesh Verma ◽  
Madhusmita Panda
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Genetic Alterations ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Oral Carcinogenesis ◽  
Early Diagnostic

Despite advancement in cancer treatment, oral cancer has a poor prognosis and is often detected at late stage. To overcome these challenges, investigators should search for early diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers. More than 700 bacterial species reside in the oral cavity. The oral microbiome population varies by saliva and different habitats of oral cavity. Tobacco, alcohol, and betel nut, which are causative factors of oral cancer, may alter the oral microbiome composition. Both pathogenic and commensal strains of bacteria have significantly contributed to oral cancer. Numerous bacterial species in the oral cavity are involved in chronic inflammation that lead to development of oral carcinogenesis. Bacterial products and its metabolic by-products may induce permanent genetic alterations in epithelial cells of the host that drive proliferation and/or survival of epithelial cells. Porphyromonas gingivalis and Fusobacterium nucleatum induce production of inflammatory cytokines, cell proliferation, and inhibition of apoptosis, cellular invasion, and migration thorough host cell genomic alterations. Recent advancement in metagenomic technologies may be useful in identifying oral cancer–related microbiome, their genomes, virulence properties, and their interaction with host immunity. It is very important to address which bacterial species is responsible for driving oral carcinogenesis. Alteration in the oral commensal microbial communities have potential application as a diagnostic tool to predict oral squamous cell carcinoma. Clinicians should be aware that the protective properties of the resident microflora are beneficial to define treatment strategies. To develop highly precise and effective therapeutic approaches, identification of specific oral microbiomes may be required. In this review, we narrate the role of microbiome in the progression of oral cancer and its role as an early diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for oral cancer.

scholarly journals PECULIARITIES OF DENTAL TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH BACTERIAL VAGINOSIS AND THEIR SEX PARTNERS

2020 ◽  
pp. 21-24
Author(s):  
A.D. Krutikova
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Gardnerella Vaginalis ◽  
Initial Degree ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Atopobium Vaginae

Patients with bacterial vaginosis are diagnosed with chronic generalized inflammatory and inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases, such as chronic catarrhal gingivitis, periodontitis of initial and first severity. The aim of the study was to compare the effectiveness of the treatment of inflammatory and inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases in women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners. Materials and methods. 28 heterosexual couples aged 18-45 years took part in the survey. Clinical dental examination was performed at the time of treatment and 3 months after completion of treatment. Green-Vermilion indices, RMA (in Parma modification), complex periodontal index according to Leus (KPI), Svrakov's number were determined. Both groups of patients were examined for the presence of Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae in the oral cavity by PCR testing. The therapeutic course was the same for all groups of patients. General therapy included: "Fluconazole" 50 mg 1 time per day (7 days), "Clindamycin" 150 mg every 6 hours (5 days), starting from the 3rd day of antibiotics - probiotic "Symbiter acidophilus concentrated "(21 days), Calcium-D3-Nycomed 1 tab. during dinner 30 days. Local treatment included: oral baths of the drug "Stomatophyte" after morning and evening hygienic procedures (7 days), application of "Metrogil-dent" on the gums (7 days), the drug "Lizak" 1 tab. keep in the mouth until complete dissolution every 6 hours (5 days), after the use of "Stomatophyte" and "Metrogil - dent" - application of "Symbiter omega" on the gums in silicone caps at night (21 days). Results. In women, chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was detected in 10.71%, chronic generalized periodontitis of the initial degree in 64.29% and chronic generalized periodontitis of the I degree in 25%. In men who are carriers of pathogens of BV, chronic generalized catarrhal gingivitis was found in 7.14%, chronic generalized periodontitis of the initial degree in 60.71% and chronic generalized periodontitis in grade 32.1. General and local dental treatment of women with bacterial vaginosis and their sexual partners showed a positive objective dynamics of dental status. Thus, after 3 months of clinical and laboratory observations, there were no complaints, the state of oral hygiene improved significantly. If before the treatment the Green-Vermilion index in general in women with BV was 1.323 ± 0.035 points, then after 3 months it was equal to 1.032 ± 0.021. A similar dynamics was determined in men: from the starting index of 1.336 ± 0.041, the Green-Vermilion index decreased to 1.048 ± 0.036. 3 months after treatment, the PMA of patients decreased by 49.03%, in men - by 51.95%, no significant difference between the indicators of groups I and II was registered, while the difference between the results in the middle of groups I and II is significant . According to the KPI index, women had a significant difference between baseline and post-treatment outcomes of 1.98 points, while men had a score of 2.01 points. No significant difference was found between the results of groups I and II both before and after treatment. A similar positive dynamics characterizes the indicator - Srakov's number, according to this indicator before treatment and after differences between groups was not detected. The significant difference between the indicators in the group of women and men was 2,789 and 2,831, respectively. Before treatment and after the detection rate in the oral cavity, Gardnerella vaginalis and Atopobium vaginae did not have a significant difference between the group of men and women, but there was a clear difference between the parameters obtained at the initial examination and 3 months after treatment in the middle and second groups. Thus, Gardnerella vaginalis was detected less by 67.87% and 61.59%, Atopobium vaginae - by 65.79% and 58.65% in women and men, respectively. Conclusions. The developed and patented treatment regimen for patients with bacterial vaginosis contributes to the regression of inflammatory phenomena, improves oral hygiene, and is suitable for the treatment of women with this comorbidity and for the treatment of their sexual partners. The dynamics of reducing the percentage of detection of bacterial vaginosis pathogens corresponded to the dynamics of the clinical picture of periodontal disease in both women with bacterial vaginosis and men who were their sexual partners, which once again confirms the equal effectiveness of treatment for both gender groups.

scholarly journals Індексна оцінка стану тканин пародонта в осіб із первинним гіпотиреозом

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Chornij ◽  
V. V. Shmanko
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Gland ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
The State ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Periodontal Index ◽  
Index Evaluation ◽  
Index Estimation

In recent decades, both in the world and in our country, thyroid gland diseases are not only widespread, but also have a tendency to constant growth. Currently, more attention is paid to diseases of the thyroid gland that are associated with endemic foci of iodine defi ciency in soil and water.The aim of the study – to investigate the state of periodontal tissues in individuals with primary hypothyroidism.Materials and Methods. We conducted a survey of 86 people with primary hypothyroidism, 16 of them with manifestation and 70 with subclinical forms. A comparison group was 45 people without thyroid gland diseases. Index assessment of periodontal tissues included the defi nition of a simplifi ed oral hygiene index of the oral cavity of the Green-Vermillion (Oral Hygiene Index-Simlifi ed, Green-Vermillion, 1964), the degree of gingival infl ammation was determined by Parma (C. Parma, 1960, Papillary-Marginal Alveolar Index)), the state of periodontal tissues in the complex periodontal index (KPI) (1987), destructive changes in the bone tissue of the alveolar appendix were determined by the Fux index.Results and Discussion. The article presents the results of the index estimation of periodontal tissues in individuals with primary hypothyroidism. An analysis of the conducted index evaluation found that they had a poor level of hygienic state of the oral cavity. This was manifested by the development of infl ammatory and, to a lesser extent, infl ammatory and dystrophic lesions of periodontal tissues, as evidenced by papillarymarginalalveolar (PMA) and complex periodontal indices (KPI).Conclusions. Even more signifi cant changes in these indicators were found in individuals with a manifestation of hypothyroidism. So, we can conclude that in persons with primary hypothyroidism metabolic processes ofthe organism are violated, which leads through a number of pathophysiological changes to the activity of parodontopathogenic microfl ora and the development of infl ammatory and infl ammatory and dystrophic periodontal diseases.

Analysis of anti-inflammatory toothpastes efficiency among patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic generalized periodontitis

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-53
Author(s):  
L. Yu. Orekhova ◽  
R. S. Musaeva ◽  
E. S. Loboda ◽  
E. V. Grinenko ◽  
A. V. Chuprinina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type 1 ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Type ◽  
Periodontal Tissues ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Relevance. Inflammatory periodontal diseases (IPD) on the background of microangiopathy among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are considered one of the main complications. Reduced resistance of periodontal tissues and trophic disorders due to changes in capillary walls leads to development of inflammatory processes with the destruction of gingival joint. The presence of diabetes mellitus in patients with chronic generalized periodontitis requires not only conservative periodontal therapy by a dentist, but also constant maintenance therapy, which consists in the ability of patient to maintain satisfactory oral hygiene and the use of therapeutic and prophylactic toothpastes.Purpose. To evaluate the effectiveness of using toothpastes with anti-inflammatory components among pa-tients with chronic generalized periodontitis and type 1 diabetes after professional oral hygiene complex.Materials and methods. The examination of 60 patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 and chronic generalized periodontitis at the age of 20 to 50 years was conducted. All patients underwent a questionnaire on the presence of complaints about state of the oral cavity and a comprehensive dental examination with definition of basic dental indices. Then, a complex of professional oral hygiene with individual hygiene training was carried out. Patients were divided into groups depending on the prescribed paste with anti-inflammatory components. Repeated examination was carried out after 1 month.Results. In 1 month after conservative therapy was carried out, improvement of all indexes in all groups, improvement of the acid-base state of the oral fluid was found. Patients themselves noted a better way change in state of oral cavity tissues. The best dynamics after treatment complex was observed in the 1st group.Conclusion. Hygienic and periodontal condition of the oral cavity among patients with diabetes mellitus type 1 was initially at a rather low level. It has been revealed that complex of professional oral hygiene and prescription of therapeutic and prophylactic toothpaste improve periodontal status of patients with diabetes.

Domestic prophylactic agents in maintaining the dental health of the elderly

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-9
Author(s):  
A. K. Iordanishvili
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Secondary Prevention ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Oral Microbiota ◽  
Periodontal Pathogens ◽  
Dental Tissues ◽  
Group 2

Goal. To investigate dental health and oral microbiota in elderly people who use domestic care products after the completion of their sanitation.Material and methods. The prevalence and intensity of the course of dental caries, periodontal pathology, pathology of the oral mucosa, as well as the microbiota in 96 people aged 61 to 73 years were studied using conventional research methods in dentistry in elderly patients who visited a dentist for a year according to the appealability (group 1) or were under dynamic supervision and regularly carried out individual oral hygiene with the help of domestic ASEPTA products (group 2).Results. Individual prophylactic and hygienic measures for the care of the oral cavity, regularly carried out by elderly patients of group 2, significantly improved their dental health, contributed to the secondary prevention of periodontal diseases and a significant reduction in periodontal pathogens in the oral cavity.Conclusion. Elderly patients who are regularly observed by a dentist with a complex of measures for the primary and secondary prevention of dental diseases carried out 2 times a year, as well as with their proper adherence to oral care, it is possible to achieve effective treatment of the pathology of hard dental tissues, remission of inflammatory pathology of periodontal disease, and also good oral hygiene, which has a positive effect on their quality of life.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of coconut oil pulling as an adjuvant to oral hygiene procedure on plaque-induced gingivitis among middle-aged adults – An interventional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 102-107
Author(s):  
V. Menaka ◽  
G. Kavya ◽  
R. Bhuvaneshwari ◽  
Ain Syuhada Azali ◽  
S. Aparna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Promising Result ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Oral Diseases ◽  
Folk Remedy

Objectives: Oral health correlates with systemic health, and maintaining oral health is very important because the oral cavity is considered as a reflection of the general well-being of a human body. Daily plaque removal with a toothbrush is an important component of most oral hygiene programs intended to prevent and control two globally leading oral afflictions dental caries and periodontal diseases. Failure to comply and lack of technical skills of the patient has lessened the effectiveness of conventional tooth brushing. Because of this, research efforts have focused on adjuvant therapy along with brushing for reducing and controlling plaque-induced oral diseases. One such measure is oil pulling. Oil pulling has been used extensively as a traditional Indian folk remedy for many years to prevent decay, oral malodor, bleeding gums, dryness of throat, cracked lips, etc. Most of the studies have been done using sesame oil. Since coconut oil also has many health effects such as boosting the immune system and antimicrobial properties, this can also help in fighting against various pathogens of oral cavity that will in turn act as an effective plaque control agent. Hence, with this background, this study is contemplated to evaluate the benefit of oil pulling along with normal brushing techniques in adults under the age group of 35–44 years. Materials and Methods: Forty healthy subjects belonging to both the sexes who presented with plaque-induced gingivitis will be selected for the study and will be divided into control and study groups. The patients will be informed about the nature and purpose of the study. Health education will be provided to all the students. The modified bass technique will be demonstrated to the participants and they are directed to brush twice daily for 3 min. Toothbrush and toothpaste will be provided to all participants. Among them, 20 subjects were instructed to continue their normal oral hygiene procedures along with coconut oil pulling. Data collected were subjected to appropriate statistical tests using SPSS version 20. Results: A highly statistical difference was seen between the two groups and within the groups. Conclusion: The usage of coconut oil pulling as an adjuvant to oral hygiene gives a promising result.

scholarly journals Studying of level of hygienic knowledge and skills to care for the oral cavity at the high schoolchildren

2019 ◽  
pp. 220-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. V. Lekomtseva ◽  
S. Yu. Kosyuga
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Dental Education ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Prevention And Early Detection ◽  
Level Of Knowledge

The article is devoted to the study of the level of dental knowledge and hygiene skills in adolescents studying at the school №176 in Nizhny Novgorod with use of individually designed questionnaire. The questionnaire included twenty-one questions: about individual hygiene of oral cavity, the choice of subjects and means of hygiene of oral cavity, the frequency of hygienic care for oral cavity at home, the presence of inflammatory diseases of oral cavity and dentition anomalies at the time of the survey, sources of hygiene knowledge and skills of students about psycho-emotional relation of children to the procedures for the hygienic care of oral hygiene and periodic visits to the dentist. Based on the survey of 14 year’s adolescents, it can be concluded that the level of knowledge of children’s choice of subjects and means for oral hygiene and the need for regular dental education for the prevention and early detection of risk factors for the development of periodontal diseases in schoolchildren.

scholarly journals Application of nanoparticles in oral hygiene

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1-4) ◽  
pp. 35-49 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Periodontal Diseases ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Metal Oxide Nanoparticles ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
In Vivo Studies

Many of more than 700 bacterial species inhabiting the oral cavity are opportunistic pathogens causing systemic infections in addition to dental and periodontal diseases. This renders oral hygiene a much serious issue, which is further exacerbated with the emergence of multiple antibiotic resistance in oral bacteria. The role of nanoparticles based materials especially metal and metal oxide nanoparticles as an effective and alternative/supplementary antimicrobial agent is now well established. These nanoparticles could be a healthier, innocuous and effective alternative for controlling both the dental biofilms and oral planktonic bacterial population with lesser side effects or antibiotic resistance. Antimicrobial activity of these nanoparticles against a number of oral pathogens has already been demonstrated. When added to artificial dental materials and implants these nanoparticles improve the desirable physico-chemical properties of the materials in addition to improving their antimicrobial activity. Besides a few studies, biochemical processes underlying the antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles against both planktonic cells and oral biofilms is not understood. Through our literature survey it is envisaged that ZnO nanoparticles and TiO2 nanoparticles are the most suitable nanoantibiotic for the development of dental pastes, mouthwashes, and other oral hygiene materials. However in vivo studies on nanotoxicity of these nanoparticles are missing and need a careful and balanced evaluation before successful clinical translations.

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