scholarly journals A humán parechovírusok klinikai jelentősége súlyos újszülött- és csecsemőkori fertőzésekben hazánkban

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 386-395
Author(s):  
Ákos Boros ◽  
Zsófia Hamarics ◽  
Hajnalka Fenyvesi ◽  
Zoltán Liptai ◽  
Zoltán Nyul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Human Parechovirus ◽  
Faecal Samples ◽  
Group A ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Group B ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Leading Symptom

Abstract: Introduction: Most human parechovirus (HPeV, family Picornaviridae) infections are asymptomatic but may cause gastroenteritis in children. New reports show that HPeVs can be associated with severe central nervous system symptoms and sepsis-like syndromes in infants. The clinical significance of HPeVs in Hungary has not been investigated before. Aim: The aim of this study was to detect genotype HPeV in faecal samples of children and analysis of the clinical symptoms. Method: For the detection and genotyping of HPeV strains, reverse transcription–polymerase chain reaction and sequencing methods were used from faecal samples of children with gastroenteritis divided into three groups: group A) hospitalised children younger than 10 years (n = 75); group B) 0–12 months infants (n = 237) and group C) children less than 18 years of age with sepsis-like/neurological symptoms (n = 105) were tested. Results: Three HPeV positive samples (3/75, 4%) were found in group A, two of them belong to the HPeV type 1, the third was non-typeable. All positive samples were from infants of 7 to 11 months of age. In group B, HPeV was detected in 6.8% (16/237) of the samples. Five were HPeV1, six were HPeV3 and five were non-typeable. While most of the infants with HPeV1 (4/5) did not require hospitalisation, 83% of the HPeV3 infected infants (5/6) did. Five (4.8%) HPeV strains detected from children less than 18 years of age with sepsis-like/neurological symptoms (group C) belonged to HPeV1 (three) and HPeV3 (two). All positive samples were from hospitalised infants less than 2 months of age. Conclusion: HPeV1 infections are less severe in infants than HPeV3 infections. The leading symptom of HPeV1 was diarrhoea, although in infants less than 1–2 months neurological symptoms (somnolence, lassitude) were also present. HPeV3 infections were more common among newborns. The main symptoms of severe HPeV3 infection are: gastroenteritis (7/8), fever ≥38 °C (6/7), loss of appetite (6/7), rash (4/7), somnolence/lassitude (3/7), sepsis-like syndrome (3/7) and respiratory symptoms (2/7). Orv Hetil. 2019; 160(10): 386–395.

Could Enzyme Replacement Therapy for Long Time Normalize Chitotriosidase Activity in Type 1 Gaucher Disease?.

Blood ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 3802-3802
Author(s):  
Pilar Giraldo ◽  
Pilar Alfonso ◽  
Juan Perez-Calvo ◽  
Manuel Giralt
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Replacement Therapy ◽  
Replacement Therapy ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Enzyme Replacement ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background: Extreme elevations of plasma chitotriosidase (CT) are observed in Gaucher’s disease (GD) patients. This enzyme has been considered as a response marker to enzyme replacement therapy (ERT). It has been previously described the normalization of enzymatic activity only in patients who have been treated by bone marrow transplantation (Young E et al, 1997). It is widely accepted that GD subjects receiving ERT show improvements in clinical symptoms and regression of signs of disease, such as disappearance or reduction of visceral enlargement, normalized haematological parameters and skeletal improvement and also reduce the CT activity values, but these do not actually reach a normal range. Surprisingly, in the follow-up of patients included in the Spanish Gaucher Registry, some cases showed normalization of their CT activity after several years under therapy. The purpose of this study is to analyze the clinical, analytical and genotype characteristics of type 1 GD patients that have normalized their CT activity and to compare with the rest of patients under ERT for same period of follow-up. Patients and Methods: We have studied a cohort of 64 type 1 GD patients receiving ERT. We observed 20 GD patients who reach a normal CT activity range (CT activity < 200 nmol/mL.h) under therapy 2–7 years (group A) and 44 GD patients whose CT activity maintained increased under therapy 2–10 years (group B). Clinical and analytical data have been obtained from Spanish GD registry. Assessment of response included serial measurement of haemoglobin (Hb), platelet count, liver and spleen sizes and CT activity. Plasma CT activity was measured with the fluorogenic substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl-β-D-N, N′, N″ triacetylchitotrioside. Determination of the 24-bp duplication in the CT gene was performed by PCR followed by electrophoresis of the amplified fragments. For statistical analysis we used the StatView database (version 4.5). Results: At baseline characteristics of both groups were as indicated in tables. Patients of group B had worse indicators of disease severity at baseline. SSI, percentages of bone disease and spleen removal were higher in group B than group A. In addition we found twice more heterozygous patients for 24 bp duplication of the CT gene in group A compared to group B Nevertheless, as the table shows, patients of group B received higher doses of ERT and for a longer time. Conclusion: The normalization of CT activity is infrequent in GD patients under ERT. It is influenced by CT genotype and probably by severity of disease. Clinical data Age at diagnosis Male/Female SSI Spleen removal(%) Bone disease (%) N370S Homozygous/N370S Heterozygous N: number, SSI: severity score system Analytical data Group A (n=20) 32 ± 15.0 7/13 7.6 ± 2.55 5 55 0/20 Group B (n=44) 29 ± 15.9 19/25 8.4 ± 3.15 27 66 5/39 Analytical data Hb (g/dL) Platelets x 109/L CT activity(nmol/mL.h) Heterozygous CT genotype(%) ERT Dose (Units/2 weeks) N: number; Hb: Haemoglobin; CT: chitotriosidase; ERT: Enzyme replacement theraphy Group A (n=20) 12.3 ± 1.85 72.8 ± 31.27 7,489 ± 3,751 65 34.3 ± 10.33 Group B (n=44) 11.9 ± 1.84 107.5 ± 83.85 8,459 ± 3,563 32 41.4 ± 15.08

scholarly journals Heterogeneity analysis of COVID - 19 clinical phenotype in Wuhan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Yin ◽  
Jiao Xie ◽  
Jixian Zhang ◽  
Zhen Fu ◽  
Wangcai Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Muscle Soreness ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Group A ◽  
Missed Diagnosis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Group D

Abstract BackgroundSince the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), some studies reported the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients in hospital. However, these studies did not investigate the clinical symptoms heterogeneity of COVID-19 patients in the outpatient. This study aimed to describe the heterogeneity of clinical characteristics of outpatient COVID-19 patients.MethodsCOVID-19 patients visiting the respiratory outpatient department of our hospital from January 1st to February 28st 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. Based on the complaints, the patients were classified into four groups including group A (patients without symptoms), group B (patients with fever), group C (patients with respiratory symptoms but without fever), and group D (patients with extra-respiratory symptoms but without fever). The difference of clinical characteristics, basic diseases, laboratory examination of outpatient, characteristics of chest CT imaging among all the groups were analyzed and compared.ResultsA total of 309 COVID-19 patients were included with 126 men and 183 women. The common symptoms included fatigue (59.87%, 95% CI: 54.17-65.38%), loss of appetite (51.13%, 95% CI: 45.41-56.83%), fever (50.81%, 95% CI: 45.09-56.51%), muscle soreness (41.42%, 95% CI:35.88-47.14%), and dry cough (35.28%, 95% CI:29.95-40.89%). The percentages of group A to group D were 2.91%, 50.81%, 18.12%, and 28.16%, respectively. The most common symptoms in Group D included fatigue, loss of appetite, muscle soreness. ConclusionThe heterogeneity of clinical symptoms for COVID-19 patients in the outpatient is significant. We should pay attention to patients without symptoms or those with only extra-respiratory symptoms, who are prone to missed diagnosis.

scholarly journals A Comparative clinical study to evaluate the effect of Indigenous compound drugs (Shatavari mandoor and Pippali ghrita) in Parinama Shoola Vis-à-vis Acid Peptic Disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pragya Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Randomised Clinical Trial ◽  
Comparative Clinical Study ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Excessive Secretion ◽  
Group B ◽  
Loss Of Appetite ◽  
Trial Drug ◽  
Mucosal Defence

Background: : Acid peptic disease is the condition in which there is either excessive secretion of acid and pepsin or a weakened stomach mucosal defence, which is responsible for damage to the delicate mucosa and the lining of the stomach, oesophagus and duodenum resulting in ulceration.Parinama shoola in Ayurveda is comparable with Acid peptic disease.Aim of study: The Aim of the study is to evaluate and compare the effect of indigenous compound drugs (Shatavari mandoor and Pippali ghrita) in uncomplicated cases of Parinam shoola.Methods:  This is a prospective, open labelled, randomised clinical trial. A total of 31 patients suggestive of features of Parinama Shoola (acid peptic disorder) were enrolled and were randomly divided in two groups- 12 patients were enrolled in group A and were given trial drug Shatavari mandoor,19 patients were enrolled in group B and were given trial drug Pippali ghrita. Duration of study was 3 months.Results: Individually both groups showed statistically significant improvement in clinical symptoms i.e. pain in abdomen, epigastric burning, nausea, flatulence, loss of appetite and constipation (p<0.01), but the mean reduction in the symptoms of group A (Shatavari mandoor group) is more than group B (Pippali ghrita group).Conclusion: Both trial drugs are effective in the treatment of Parinama shoola. Shatavari mandoor is more effective in the treatment of Parinam shoola in comparison to Pippali ghrita. 

Comparative Study of effectiveness of mobilization with movement (MWM) and End range mobilization (ERM) techniques in frozen shoulder

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 519-522
Author(s):  
Jeyakumar S ◽  
Jagatheesan Alagesan ◽  
T.S. Muthukumar
Keyword(s):  
Range Of Motion ◽  
Frozen Shoulder ◽  
Type I ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Functional Activities ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B

Background: Frozen shoulder is disorder of the connective tissue that limits the normal Range of motion of the shoulder in diabetes, frozen shoulder is thought to be caused by changes to the collagen in the shoulder joint as a result of long term Hypoglycemia. Mobilization is a therapeutic movement of the joint. The goal is to restore normal joint motion and rhythm. The use of mobilization with movement for peripheral joints was developed by mulligan. This technique combines a sustained application of manual technique “gliding” force to the joint with concurrent physiologic motion of joint, either actively or passively. This study aims to find out the effects of mobilization with movement and end range mobilization in frozen shoulder in Type I diabetics. Materials and Methods: 30 subjects both male and female, suffering with shoulder pain and clinically diagnosed with frozen shoulder was recruited for the study and divided into two groups with 15 patients each based on convenient sampling method. Group A patients received mobilization with movement and Group B patients received end range mobilization for three weeks. The outcome measurements were SPADI, Functional hand to back scale, abduction range of motion using goniometer and VAS. Results: The mean values of all parameters showed significant differences in group A as compared to group B in terms of decreased pain, increased abduction range and other outcome measures. Conclusion: Based on the results it has been concluded that treating the type 1 diabetic patient with frozen shoulder, mobilization with movement exercise shows better results than end range mobilization in reducing pain and increase functional activities and mobility in frozen shoulder.

scholarly journals Intermittent Self Dilation – An Option For The Prevention of Urethral Stricture Recurrence After Filliform Follower Urethral Dilation

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 38-40
Author(s):  
N M Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Urethral Stricture ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Urine Test ◽  
Group A ◽  
Prospective Comparative Study ◽  
Foley’S Catheter ◽  
Group B ◽  
Stricture Recurrence ◽  
Urethral Dilation ◽  
Lower Urinary

Background: Urethral stricture and its recurrence is still a major problem in male. Several procedures are present for the treatment of the disease. Lapides introduced the concept of intermittent self dilatation (ISD) which has decreased the incidence of recurrence of urethral stricture if doing properly. The aim of the this study was to report the outcomes of ISD for the treatment of urethral stricture after Filliform follower urethral dilatation (FFUD).Method: This was a prospective comparative study, conducted in the department of surgery, urology unit from March 2013 to February 2016. Total of 49 patients were enrolled and were randomly divided into Group A and Group B. In Group A, all the patients were taught ISD with Nelaton Catheter after FFUD. In group B, all patients underwent only FFUD for urethral stricture. In both groups, Foley's catheter was removed after 2 weeks of FFUD. These patients who had difficulty In passing urine or having lower urinary tract syndrome after removal of catheter, were evaluated for urethral stricture recurrency by clinical symptoms, ultrasonography, urine test for culture and sensitivity, cystoscopy/urethrogram as necessarily.Result: In Group A, 4 patients out of 20(20%)developed urethral stricture recurrency where as in Group B,18 patients out of 23 (78.26%) developed urethral stricture recurrency. Therefore, the rate of urethral stricture recurrence is significantly more in group B than the Group A (p< 0.001).Conclusion: ISD is an effective way for the prevention of urethtral stricture recurrence after FFUD. JNGMC,  Vol. 14 No. 2 December 2016, Page: 38-40

Prevention of Frey’s Syndrome with the Use of Porcine Dermal Collagen Graft: Retrospective Analysis of 76 “Formal” Parotidectomies for Benign Pathologies

2021 ◽  
pp. 000348942199018
Author(s):  
Kostas Vahtsevanos ◽  
Angelos Chatziavramidis ◽  
Ioannis (Yiannis) Papadiochos ◽  
Georgios Koloutsos ◽  
Anastasios Stefanidis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Frey’S Syndrome ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Parotid Surgery ◽  
Porcine Dermal Collagen ◽  
Frey's Syndrome ◽  
Dermal Collagen ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Collagen Graft

Background: Frey’s syndrome is a well-known complication of parotid surgery; its prevention may be achieved by the use of an interpositional barrier between the overlying flaps and the exposed parenchymal bed of parotid gland. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate clinical outcomes with and without the interpositional placement of a porcine dermal collagen graft (PDCG) for prevention of syndrome occurrence. Methods: We conducted a 20-year retrospective study including the patients who had undergone “formal” (superficial, total, or subtotal) parotidectomies for benign pathologies. The inclusion criteria also involved patients that were (i) regularly monitored about clinical symptoms related to syndrome, and (ii) examined with Minor starch-iodine test. The severity of the diagnosed syndrome was retrospectively evaluated according to the grading score system of Luna-Ortiz. To assess group differences in terms of the extent of dissection in operating sites, we estimated the tumor and histological specimen volumes using the available dimensions. Results: We included 73 patients who had undergone 76 formal parotid surgeries. The surgical sites were divided into 2 groups: (1) Group A consisted of 44 sites that were reconstructed with a SMAS flap, and (2) Group B, comprised 32 sites where a PDCG was additionally applied as an artificial preventive barrier. At a mean follow-up of 26.3 months, a significantly lower incidence of clinically diagnosed Frey’s syndrome was found after the use of dermal collagen interpositional barrier ( P = .031). Specifically, subjective symptoms were reported at an incidence of 31.8% in Group A and 6.7% in Group B. Minor’s test was positive at an incidence of 59.09% in Group A and 21.87% in Group B ( P = .004, 95% CI). Severe Frey’s syndrome was observed in 31.82% of the patients of Group A and in 3.12% of the patients of Group B ( P = .002, 95% CI). Since there were no statistical significant differences between the volumes of the removed tumors and the excised histological specimens, the extent of dissection was not proved to influence the occurrence of Frey’s syndrome in the compared groups, Conclusion: Porcine dermal collagen is a safe, practical, and useful means for parotid reconstruction, since it seems to contribute in prevention of Frey’s syndrome when increased amount of glandular tissue has to be removed. Additional randomized controlled studies with bigger samples are required to better assess the PDCG use in parotid surgery.

scholarly journals Comparison of Three Rapid Commercial Canine Parvovirus Antigen Detection Tests with Electron Microscopy and Polymerase Chain Reaction

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 344-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silke Schmitz ◽  
Christina Coenen ◽  
König Matthias ◽  
Thiel Heinz-Jürgen ◽  
Reto Neiger
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disease ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Canine Parvovirus ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Group A ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Group B

Different antibody-based tests for rapid detection of Canine parvovirus antigens in feces are commercially available, allowing quick diagnosis in a clinical setting. However, the diagnostic accuracy of these tests compared with standard methods has not been evaluated so far. In the current study, 3 commercial tests were compared with immune-electron microscopy (IEM) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Dogs were divided into 3 groups: group A, samples from dogs with acute hemorrhagic diarrhea ( n = 50); group B, dogs with chronic diarrhea ( n = 10); and group C, dogs with no evidence of gastrointestinal disease ( n = 40). Specificity of all 3 commercial tests versus PCR and IEM was good to excellent (92.2–100%). Sensitivity, in contrast, was poor: 15.8–26.3% versus PCR and 50–60% versus IEM. In group A, 10 dogs were positive by IEM and 24 dogs were positive by PCR. Positive PCR results were also obtained from animals in control groups (group B, 1 dog; group C, 5 dogs). No dog in group B or C was positive by IEM. In conclusion, the rapid tests are useful to diagnose canine parvoviral enteritis, but they do not rule out parvovirus infection in an animal with typical clinical signs. In addition, a small percentage of healthy dogs and dogs with chronic diarrhea showed positive PCR results; this may be due to asymptomatic/persistent infection or intestinal passage of virus. The significance of this finding remains unclear.

PRECIPITATING FACTORS AND EFFICACY OF COMBINING LACTULOSE PLUS RIFAXIMIN IN THE TREATMENT OF HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY DUE TO CIRRHOSIS AT CHO RAY HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Phat Ho Tan ◽  
Tam Vu Thi Minh ◽  
Trong Huynh Nguyen Dang ◽  
Phuong Tran Nhat Thi Anh ◽  
Ngan Tran Thi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy is an important evidence that confirms impairment of liver function, may occur in about 40% of cirrhotics. Data about efficacy of rifaximin plus lactulose in the treatment of Vietnamese patients was still limited. This study aimed to determine the precipitating factors and to access the efficacy of lactulose plus rifaximin in overt hepatic encephalopathy. Patients and Methods: The prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial, 43 cirrhotics with overt hepatic encephalopathy without portal systemic shunting addmitted to gastroenterology department of Cho Ray Hospital from March 2019 to August 2019, were randomized into two groups (group A lactulose plus rifaximin 1.100 mg/day, n = 21; and group B only lactulose; n = 22). All patients were recorded for onset factors, clinical characteristics and assessing the recovery of hepatic encephalopathy. Results: The mean age of patients in this study was 54.8 ± 12.1 years (the ratio of male to female patients is 4.38 : 1). The leading cause of cirrhosis was alcohol (39.5%). The most common clinical symptoms were jaundice (83.7%), spider naevi (41.9%) and ascites (37.2%). The most common triggers were infection (51.2%), gastrointestinal bleeding (37.2%) and constipation (25.6%). The percentage of patients with complete improvement after treatment with lactulose plus rifaximin was 81% compared to 63.6% in the lactulose-treated patients only (95% CI: 0.539 - 1.147, p value = 0.206). Conclusion: Our data revealed that common triggers of hepatic encephalopathy were infections, gastrointestinal bleeding and constipation. The combination of lactulose plus rifaximin was more effective than rifaximin alone in the treatment of overt hepatic encephalopathy. Key words: hepatic encephalopathy, precipitating factor, lactulose, rifaximin

scholarly journals Uniplanar cannulated pedicle screws in the correction of Lenke type 1 adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yiwei Zhao ◽  
Wubo Liu ◽  
Suomao Yuan ◽  
Yonghao Tian ◽  
Xinyu Liu
Keyword(s):  
Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Idiopathic Scoliosis ◽  
Pedicle Screws ◽  
Vertebral Rotation ◽  
Concave Side ◽  
Convex Side ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Abstract Background In the present study, we reported the clinical use of uniplanar cannulated pedicle screws for the correction of Lenke type 1 adolescent Idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), and its safety and clinical outcomes were also evaluated. Methods 68 patients with Lenke type 1 AIS were included, among which 38 patients were treated with uniplanar cannulated screws at the concave side of periapical levels and multiaxial screws at the other levels (group A). Moreover, the remaining 30 patients were treated with all multiaxial screws (group B). The preoperative and postoperative radiographic parameters of the Lenke type 1 AIS, axial vertebral rotation, and the safety of the pedicle screws were evaluated by X-rays and computed tomography (CT). Results Preoperative data was comparable between two groups. The postoperative proximal thoracic (PT) curve, main thoracic (MT) curve, thoracolumbar/lumbar (TL/L) curve, and apical vertebral rotation were significantly improved compared with the preoperative data. The coronal correction rates in group A and B were 83% and 81.9%, respectively (P > 0.05). The derotation rates in group A and B were 60.8% and 43.2%, respectively (P < 0.05). The rotation classification in the group A was also better compared with the group B. The misplacement rate in group A and B was 7.9% and 11.8%, respectively (P < 0.05), and the total misplacement rate on the concave side (11.4%) was higher than that of convex side (8.4%). The lateral perforation was found at the concave side, while the medial perforation was found at the convex side. On the concave side, the misplacement rate in group A and B was 9.7% and 12.3%, respectively (P < 0.05). The grades 2 and 3 perforations were three (3.5%) in the group A and eight (8.2%) in the group B (P < 0.05). On the convex side, the misplacement rate in group A and B was 5.9% and 11.1%, respectively (P < 0.05). The grades 2 and 3 perforations were one (0.9%) in the group A and four (4.4%) in the group B (P < 0.05). Conclusion Collectively, uniplanar cannulated pedicle screws could effectively increase the accuracy of pedicle screws and facilitate the derotation of the apical vertebra compared with the multiaxial pedicle screws. Trial registration retrospectively registered

Abstract O.39: The Incidence Of Abnormal Electroencephalographic Findings And Mild Encephalitis/encephalopathy With A Reversible Splenial Lesion In Kawasaki Disease

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 131 (suppl_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naomi Nakagawa ◽  
Masahiro Kamada ◽  
Yukiko Ishiguchi ◽  
Yuji Moritoh ◽  
Kengo Okamoto
Keyword(s):  
Kawasaki Disease ◽  
Therapy Response ◽  
Ivig Therapy ◽  
Liver Disorder ◽  
Neurological Symptoms ◽  
Splenial Lesion ◽  
First Case ◽  
Consciousness Disturbance ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: Central nervous system inflammation sometimes occurs in Kawasaki disease (KD). In 2012, we reported the first case of KD complicated with mild encephalitis/encephalopathy with a reversible splenial lesion (MERS) in a 14-year-old. Since then, similar cases have been reported. We studied the incidence of KD complicated with encephalitis/encephalopathy and MERS. Methods: We selected 36 patients (22 boys and 14 girls; age: range, 5-80 months; mean, 22 months) from 42 patients who had undergone electroencephalography (EEG) before intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy between May 2013 and August 2014. Patients with and without abnormal EEG findings were assigned to groups A and B, respectively. Age; sex; time of diagnosis; neurological symptoms; N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide, serum procalcitonin, serum sodium, serum albumin, and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels; liver disorder, coronary artery lesion, and IVIG therapy response were examined. Results: Group A comprised 6 patients (17%); and group B, 30 patients (83%). Consciousness disturbance was noted in 5 of 6 patients with abnormal EEG findings, without sequelae. Patients in group A were significantly older (56.5±16.8 vs 25.0±19.9 months ) and had higher CRP levels than those in group B (12.3±5.62 vs 6.56±3.47 mg/dL ). No other parameters showed significant differences. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed edema in 2 of 5 patients and MERS in the remaining patient in group A. Pleocytosis was noted in 1 of 4 patients in group A. Cytokine Il-6 and INF-γ levels were very high in the patient with MERS. Conclusion: EEG findings indicating central nerve disorders were noted in 17% patients, a lower incidence than that reported by Mitudome et al . We performed EEG early before IVIG therapy; thus, central nerve symptoms encountered may have occurred in the early stages of the disorders. MERS was noted in 1 of 6 patients with abnormal EEG findings, or 2 of 9 patients if past cases with neurological symptoms were included, suggesting that central nerve complications occur in a certain group of KD patients.

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