scholarly journals A phenomenology of subjectively relevant experiences induced by ayahuasca in Upper Amazon vegetalismo tourism

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom John Wolff ◽  
Simon Ruffell ◽  
Nigel Netzband ◽  
Torsten Passie
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Typical Structure ◽  
Demographic Questionnaire ◽  
Heuristic Study ◽  
Visual Phenomena ◽  
Emotional Conflicts ◽  
The Individual

Aims This heuristic study reports observations on the phenomenology of ayahuasca experiences of nine foreign tourist participants of an ayahuasca retreat in Peru. Methods Narrative interviews, reflecting individual experiences after ayahuasca “night ceremony,” have been analyzed by qualitative content analysis using a data-driven strategy in order to extract themes and categories inherent in the interviews. Previously, a demographic questionnaire was given. The dose–response connection was uncontrolled, which is typical for this naturalistic setting. Results The typical structure of spontaneously reported experiences includes: personal preparation, physical symptoms, visual phenomena, cognitive and emotional phenomena, reactions of the individual within the psychedelic “world” as well as within ordinary reality, and appraisal to the process. Emotional reactions were subsumed under pleasant (psychotherapeutic “target emotions” and hedonistic emotions) and unpleasant emotions. For a majority, the presence of psychotherapeutic target emotions seemed to involve the presence of unpleasant emotions in the same session – possibly as transitional emotional states. Conclusions This suggests that psychodynamic processes, for example, possible activation of emotional conflicts – can take place spontaneously, during ayahuasca intake in this particular setting. Some participants attributed symbolic meaning to the visionary content, which was more likely to take place in psychotherapeutically motivated clients. The specific setting influence as well as corresponding expectations of the participants in native wisdom could have considerable influence on experiences and interpretations, such as communication with entities as well as receiving personal teachings.

Examining the Utility of the Saskatchewan Mood Inventory for Individuals with Memory Loss

2003 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 297-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Burton ◽  
Margaret Crossley
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Support Groups ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Memory Loss ◽  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Event Category ◽  
High Event ◽  
The Individual

ABSTRACTThe Saskatchewan Mood Inventory (SMI) is a caregiver-focused assessment and research tool that was designed to enhance understanding of the emotional experiences of individuals with dementia and to identify relationships between level of cognitive impairment and family member ratings of pleasant and unpleasant emotional responses during daily activities. Family members were instructed to use the semi-structured written log to document prospectively the type and intensity of emotion expressed by the individual with dementia, to describe the associated emotion-evoking events or activities, and to monitor and record their own emotional reactions. Twenty-seven family caregivers recruited from Alzheimer support groups used the log consistently during a 2-week monitoring period to document an average of three emotion-evoking events per day. Average emotion ratings were more positive for individuals with moderate levels of dementia than for those with severe cognitive impairment, and caregivers' ratings of their family members' and their own emotional states were positively correlated. The event-reporting procedures produced narrative descriptions of emotion-evoking activities that were subsequently coded for content. Inter-rater reliability estimates were high. Event-category summaries are reported in association with positive, negative, and neutral emotional responses for individuals with moderate and severe levels of dementia. Level of impairment was related both to the relative frequency of positive and negative emotions and to the type of event category reported by caregivers.

scholarly journals Music Therapy on Cancer Patient: A Case Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr Pubalin Dash
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patient ◽  
Music Therapy ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Practice Problem ◽  
The Individual

The present investigation evaluated the utility of music therapy on cancer patient who met diagnostic criteria of medical science. Music therapy, as an adjunct to traditional therapies and treatment for those with mental health needs, has been demonstrated to be an effective intervention. It can allow individuals to explore personal feelings, to make positive changes in mood and emotional states, to practice problem solving, and to develop the skills required for wellbeing. Empirical studies of the use of music with oncology patients have demonstrated that music can reduce anxiety, stress and physical symptoms, can help to manage pain, can encourage a reflective awareness of emotion, and can enhance communication and quality of life. The participant of the present study is a forty years old professional detected blood cancer in 2013 having severe depression. The intervention was to use standard procedures of music therapy in order to design interventions that would be effective in reducing depression and stress of the individual. The treatment consisted of 10 sessions. The treatment was evaluated qualitatively by means of interviews with the participant and his family and quantitatively by means of repeated applications of depression scale. The results showed a decrease in the client’s depression, stress and an increase in pro social behavior. The client ultimately ceased from maximum depressive behavior and this outcome was sustained during his last two months in therapy.

scholarly journals Laughter in modern English and Ukrainian political texts

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (22) ◽  
pp. 236-243
Author(s):  
Darina Stanko ◽  
◽  
Natalia Chendey ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Reactions ◽  
Coherent System ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Affective States ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Peripheral Structure ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Linguistic Means

The paper deals with the semantic features of the representation of the abstract-emotional concept of «laughter» in terms of its central-peripheral structure in contemporary English and Ukrainian political texts. The concept is defined as a complex, culturally labeled, mentally affective notion that has a conceptual, figurative and value meaning and is actualized in dictionaries and political texts by various linguistic means. The research material includes articles, interviews, debates, messages, political commentaries published in the contemporary English and Ukrainian political press of the last decade and actualizes the abstract-emotional concept of «laughter». In Ukrainian and English political texts the abstract-emotional concept of «laughter» is perceived through the prism of fun and tears as expressions of happiness and unhappiness, but for the Ukrainian language, laughter is more often associated with the sound and events that cause it. Cognitive and discourse methods used in the article allow to establish the content and structure of abstract-emotional concept «laughter» not only in everyday life, but in discourse by means of nominal, descriptive and expressive embodiment. In political speeches, «laughter» is a traditional manifestation of arrogance and contempt; it helps express opposition to ideas, plans, forecasts, actions of the object of ridicule. Although, a person can laugh out loud as a result of happiness, in political texts the token «roar» and its Ukrainian equivalent «реготати» denote negative emotional states. Loud / Homeric laughter is contrasted with silence or giggles. In Ukrainian fiction «giggling» denotes fun, positive emotional reactions, but in the context of political speeches or commentary, this token represents a disparaging attitude towards a subject who laughs in this way or verbalizes manifestations of meanness, inferiority. The results of the study showed that the abstract-emotional concept of «laughter» is a coherent system, the components of which not only interact, but complement each other, forming a conceptual field. The content of the concept includes everything that a person knows about this phenomenon, emotional associations of different nature. The verbalization of the concept «laughter» in Ukrainian and English political texts is worked out taking into account its representation in synonyms as well as in free expressions and idioms. Idioms and phraseological expressions clarify the meaning of the concept on the basis of metaphorical similarity to other sentence components that is the object for studying in further works on this topic. Nominal expressions decipher and express the meaning of the concept, reveal the peculiarities of verbalization of emotions, affective states in the linguistic consciousness of the individual through the lens of political text.

Pediatric Visual Snow Syndrome (VSS): A Case Series

2019 ◽  
pp. 249-254
Author(s):  
Kenneth J. Ciuffreda ◽  
MH Esther Han ◽  
Barry Tannen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Visual Condition ◽  
Visual Phenomena ◽  
Entire Visual Field ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Vision Therapy ◽  
Abnormal Visual

Visual snow syndrome (VSS) is a relatively rare, unusual, and disturbing abnormal visual condition. The individual perceives “visual snow” (VS) throughout the entire visual field, as well as other abnormal visual phenomena (e.g., photopsia). Only relatively recently has treatment been proposed (e.g., chromatic filters) in adults with VSS, but rarely in the pediatric VSS population (i.e., medications). In this paper, we present three well-documented cases of VSS in children, including their successful neuro-optometric therapeutic interventions (i.e., chromatic filters and saccadic-based vision therapy)

scholarly journals Inclusion of Children with Disabilities in Disaster Management

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 581
Author(s):  
Jeong-Hun Jang ◽  
Kyoo-Man Ha
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Management ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Children With Disabilities ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Disaster Medicine ◽  
Implementation Stages ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Comprehensive Framework ◽  
Developed Nations ◽  
Medicine Education

Disability inclusion of children in disaster management means to identify and then eliminate the challenges faced by children with disabilities during disaster occurrence. The present research aimed to explore how the challenges of children with disabilities can be resolved in disaster management. Qualitative content analysis was used to compare individual-stakeholder-based disaster management with all-stakeholder disaster management considering three stakeholders: developed nations, developing nations, and international organizations. A key finding is that these stakeholders must shift from the individual-stakeholder-based approach to the all-stakeholders approach while enhancing disaster medicine, education, monitoring, and implementation stages. A comprehensive framework of disability inclusion is proposed to reflect effective disaster management for these children.

Depression, psychosocial correlates, and psychosocial resources in individuals with mast cell activation syndrome

2021 ◽  
pp. 135910532110145
Author(s):  
Jennifer Nicoloro SantaBarbara ◽  
Marci Lobel
Keyword(s):  
Mast Cell ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Mast Cell Activation ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Mast Cell Activation Syndrome ◽  
Disease Experience ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Activation Syndrome

Individuals with Mast Cell Activation Syndrome (MCAS), a rare chronic disease, experience unpredictable physical symptoms and diagnostic challenges resulting in poor emotional states. The prevalence and correlates of depressive symptoms were examined among 125 participants who completed the CES-D and relevant instruments. The majority reported a clinically-significant level of depression which was especially common among younger participants and those who reported greater loneliness or more disease-specific stressors. Greater magnitude of depressive symptoms was associated with greater illness intrusiveness, less social support, and lower optimism. Results highlight the value of interventions targeting loneliness and stressors unique to this population.

Anti-craving biofeedback program in clinical course of pathological addictions

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s879-s879
Author(s):  
I. Sosin ◽  
Y. Chuev ◽  
A. Volkov ◽  
O. Goncharova
Keyword(s):  
Individual Preference ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Digital Information ◽  
External Monitoring ◽  
Computer Testing ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Monitoring Module ◽  
And Control

IntroductionModern clinical narcology searches for anti-craving programs to overcome psychoactive substances (PAS) pathological addiction with bio-adaptive regulation of systems (BARS).Aims and objectivesTo develop computer modified biofeedback program integrated with Luscher test.MethodTwenty-two PAS addicts who were undergoing biofeedback modified psycho-training were examined. Computer rheoencephalogram (REG) was used as an external monitoring module.ResultsTechnologically novel biofeedback computer modification was developed with preceding Luscher computer testing for determination of the individual preference colour and the colour producing individual unpleasant associations in respondents. Consequently, biofeedback program was corrected differentially by changing standard colour templates for those personified on monitor. Cerebral hemodynamics condition transferred to individually designed for a particular respondent colour registers is used as a homeostatic parameter reflecting alcohol craving presence/absence: in case of the disordered REG parameters the signal reflects the respondent's unpleasant (negative) colour, and with no craving the screen is filled with positive, pleasant, favourite colour. During BARS auto-training the respondents’ skills to mediate present subjective clinical PAS craving manifestations with unpleasant colour and the experimental auto-training method have been mastered, and those psycho emotional states which displace PAS craving symbolic colour from the screen are selected, and it is substituted with favourite colour (symbol of healthy mode of life motivations).ConclusionsUsage of combined BARS biofeedback improved effectiveness of the training and allowed to objectivize and control the condition of the patient getting reliable visual and digital information about either regress or activation of PAS craving and potential relapse of addictive behaviour.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Perception of the lived experience of women with dyspareunia and vaginismus: qualitative study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Heydarian ◽  
Maryam Gholamzadehjefreh ◽  
Shahbazi Masoud
Keyword(s):  
Lived Experience ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Sexual Intimacy ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Purposeful Sampling ◽  
The Family ◽  
Data Saturation ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Inferiority Feeling

Aim: Dyspareunia and vaginismus are important issues in the lives of women with these disorders and have adverse, damaging consequences for the individual, the family, and the couple's intimacy. Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to investigate the lived experience of women with dyspareunia and vaginismus. Methods: The method of this study was descriptive-phenomenological psychological in which nine female participants suffering from dyspareunia and vaginismus were selected through purposeful sampling and data collection was continued through semi-structured interviews until data saturation was reached. After collecting the data and transcribing them, the researcher used Giorgi’s five-step phenomenological data analysis method. Results: Analyzing data led to 12 contributing components of the lived experience of women with dyspareunia and vaginismus which included: lack of awareness, experiencing the physical symptoms of anxiety, fear, predicting pain, feeling of inadequacy and inferiority, feeling of shame, hatred of sex and of spouse, a feeling of suffering, feeling of anger, feeling of guilt, decreased emotional and sexual intimacy, and regret about marriage. Conclusion: The results of this study also enrich the previous research literature on the lived experience of dyspareunia and vaginismus. Also, the structure of the lived experience of dyspareunia and vaginismus derived from this study is widely used to develop and apply preventive and therapeutic programs for this condition and its consequences.

scholarly journals Les joueurs sans problème de jeu de 55 ans et plus : événements, conséquences et caractéristiques structurelles et environnementales influençant les habitudes de jeu

2016 ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Isabelle Giroux ◽  
Francine Ferland ◽  
Cathy Savard ◽  
Christian Jacques ◽  
Priscilla Brochu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Gambling Problems ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Individual

Gambling habits of people aged 55 years and over without gambling problems are rarely being investigated. In order to document life events and to identify the impacts of gambling on quality of life, 19 participants aged 55 to 74 years without gambling problems, male and female, were assembled in three focus groups. Qualitative content analysis of the groups reveals changes in gambling habits associated with transition to retirement and occurrence of health problems. The content analysis further reveals a variety of positive and negative consequences of gambling habits on finances, hobbies, social relationships, and psychological health. Although the focus groups did not target the structural or environmental characteristics of gambling that influence participants' gambling habits, those themes were brought up spontaneously. Results highlight the necessity to study life events from a larger perspective including, for example, protective and risk factors, in order to better understand the life contexts and the individual characteristics that may lead to an alteration or not of gambling habits.

scholarly journals Examining health anxiety among Lynch syndrome carriers

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna J. Albiani
Keyword(s):  
Lynch Syndrome ◽  
Service Utilization ◽  
Medical Service ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Health Anxiety ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Genetic Mutation ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Medical Service Utilization

The current research was designed to examine health anxiety among individuals with Lynch syndrome; a genetic predisposition to adult onset cancers. This research had two aims: 1) To examine the severity of health anxiety in Lynch syndrome patients and identify predictors and consequences associated with health anxiety, and 2) To examine the additional impact health anxiety has on parents with Lynch syndrome. Two studies were conducted. In Study I, 209 individuals with Lynch syndrome, selected from a genetic cancer registry, completed self-report measures assessing health anxiety, medical and psychological variables, and medical service utilization. Results indicated that 30% of participants reported clinically significant levels of health anxiety. Regression analyses revealed that younger age, greater depression, anxiety, worry interference and emotional preoccupation coping were predictive of increased health anxiety. Increased health anxiety was associated with greater overall medical service utilization; specifically, visits to gastroenterologists and emergency departments. In Study II, purposive sampling was used to identify parents from Study I who reported the highest and lowest health anxiety. Twenty-one individuals completed semi-structured telephone interviews about their experience of being a parent with Lynch syndrome, their concerns of potentially passing down the genetic mutation to their children, and their perceptions of their children’s health. Qualitative content analysis using a template coding approach was used to examine the differences between parents with high and low health anxiety. Findings revealed that the most prevalent difference was in relation to parent’s perceptions of their personal health. Those with high health anxiety experienced worries that were more extreme, demonstrated a hypervigilance towards physical symptoms, discussed the emotional and psychological consequences of Lynch syndrome as more negative and severe, and had a tendency to engage in more dysfunctional coping strategies. Unexpectedly, with regards to their perceptions of their children, the parents in the high and low health anxiety groups exhibited similar worries. Taken together, the findings from Studies I and II suggest that health anxiety is of clinical significance for individuals with Lynch syndrome. Accurately identifying and treating health anxiety among this population may be one avenue to reduce the distress experienced by Lynch syndrome carriers.

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