scholarly journals Antibiotic resistance, virulence and genetic diversity ofKlebsiella pneumoniaein community- and hospital-acquired urinary tract infections in Iran

2019 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 349-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Eghbalpoor ◽  
Mehri Habibi ◽  
Omid Azizi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Asadi Karam ◽  
Saeid Bouzari
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

scholarly journals Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii among Urinary Tract Infections

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hussein O.M. Al-Dahmoshi ◽  
Noor S.K. Al-Khafaji ◽  
Farah T. Al-Alaq
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Acinetobacter Baumannii ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Bacterial Infections ◽  
Iron Acquisition ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Acinetobacter baumannii is one of the opportunistic bacteria firstly related with the hospital acquired infection influencing primarily to weakening the patient in the ICU. It is sometimes transferred to the patient by transient colonization of hands of the workers of healthcare, and persistence on eco-surfaces. Acinetobacter baumannii inhalation aerosolized through endo-tracheal suctioning of the ventilated patient is widespread among ventilator-related pneumonia (VAP). It is infections mainly associated with ventilator-related pneumonia (VAP), community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP), invasive bacterial infections (IBIs) and UTI (urinary tract infection). It is one of the prominent uropathogens problematic with antibiotic resistance especially carbapenem resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB). Their colonization of urinary tract and establishment of infection may attributed mainly to set of virulence factors like: Acinetobactin-assisted iron acquisition system, Bap (biofilm-related protein), phospholipase D, Ata (Acinetobacter trimeric autotransporter), chaperone-usher type pilus (Csu), OmpA (outer membrane protein A), and Plasminogen-binding protein (CipA). The common drugs used for treatment Acinetobacter baumannii infections involve polymyxins, glycylcyclines, tetracyclines, mono-bactams, fluoroquinolones, aminoglycosides, antipseudomonal carbapenems, antipseudomonal cephalosporins, and sulbactam. The rates of MDR isolation or also comprehensively the resistant Acinetobacter baumannii are significantly increased and so the combination of two or more (colistin, tigecycline, or colistin-rifampicin combination therapy) drugs is sometimes used to treat infections of MDR-AB. As a conclusion the Acinetobacter baumannii engagement in urinary tract infections attributed mainly to their adhesins, invasins and intrinsic antibiotic resistance.

scholarly journals Community- and Hospital-Acquired Klebsiella pneumoniae Urinary Tract Infections in Portugal: Virulence and Antibiotic Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cátia Caneiras ◽  
Luis Lito ◽  
José Melo-Cristino ◽  
Aida Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
Urinary Tract Infections ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Hospital Environment ◽  
Virulence Determinants ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Profile ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a clinically relevant pathogen and a frequent cause of hospital-acquired (HA) and community-acquired (CA) urinary tract infections (UTI). The increased resistance of this pathogen is leading to limited therapeutic options. To investigate the epidemiology, virulence, and antibiotic resistance profile of K. pneumoniae in urinary tract infections, we conducted a multicenter retrospective study for a total of 81 isolates (50 CA-UTI and 31 HA-UTI) in Portugal. The detection and characterization of resistance and virulence determinants were performed by molecular methods (PCR, PCR-based replicon typing, and multilocus sequence typing (MLST)). Out of 50 CA-UTI isolates, six (12.0%) carried β-lactamase enzymes, namely blaTEM-156 (n = 2), blaTEM-24 (n = 1), blaSHV-11 (n = 1), blaSHV-33 (n = 1), and blaCTX-M-15 (n = 1). All HA-UTI were extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producers and had a multidrug resistant profile as compared to the CA-UTI isolates, which were mainly resistant to ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, tigecycline, and fosfomycin. In conclusion, in contrast to community-acquired isolates, there is an overlap between virulence and multidrug resistance for hospital-acquired UTI K. pneumoniae pathogens. The study is the first to report different virulence characteristics for hospital and community K. pneumoniae pathogens, despite the production of β-lactamase and even with the presence of CTX-M-15 ESBL, a successful international ST15 clone, which were identified in both settings. This highlights that a focus on genomic surveillance should remain a priority in the hospital environment.

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