scholarly journals Relationships among some serum enzymes, negative energy balance parameters, parity and postparturient clinical (endo)metritis in Holstein Friesian cows – Short communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-245
Author(s):  
Baukje G. Andela ◽  
Frank J. C. M. Van Eerdenburg ◽  
Ali Choukeir ◽  
Dávid Buják ◽  
Zoltán Szelényi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Short Communication ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Serum Enzymes ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Friesian Cows

Activities of alkaline phosphatase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and concentrations of serum metabolites [beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA)] of primiparous (n = 83) and multiparous (n = 213) Holstein cows were studied as possible predictors of retained fetal membranes (RFM), grade 2 clinical metritis (CM) and clinical endometritis (CEM). A logistic regression model was used to calculate odds ratios (OR) for the prevalence of CM diagnosed between 0–5, 6–10 and 11–20 days in milk (DIM) and for the prevalence of CEM diagnosed between 22–28 and 42–49 DIM. The activities of the examined serum enzymes did not show significant associations either with CM or with CEM. For NEFA sampled on days 0 and 5, an OR of 2.38 for CM 0–20 DIM and an OR of 2.58 for CM 11–20 DIM was found. For BHB sampled on days 0 and 5, an OR of 8.20 for CEM 22–28 and 42–49 DIM and an OR of 1.98 for CM 6–10 DIM were found. The prevalence of RFM was higher in ≥ 4 parity cows compared to primiparous cows (46.3% vs. 26.5%). BHB and NEFA levels measured between 0 and 5 DIM could have a predictive ability for postpartum uterine disorders such as RFM, CM and CEM.

scholarly journals Multiparametric analysis of blood parameters and hyperketonemia in cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (52) ◽  
pp. 137-143
Author(s):  
Marko Cincović ◽  
Biljana Delić-Vujanović ◽  
Radojica Đoković ◽  
Branislava Belić ◽  
Bojan Blond ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Metabolic Adaptations ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Large Clusters ◽  
Lower Expression ◽  
Friesian Cows

The aim of this study is to examine the interrelationships and importance of biochemical and endocrine blood parameters in the assessment of beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) values in healthy and ketotic cows using multiparameter statistics. The experiment included 45 Holstein Friesian cows (22 healthy and 23 with ketosis). The criterion used for detecting ketosis was the value of BHB ˃1.2 mmol/L. Based on laboratory indicators, cows were precisely classified into two large clusters: a cluster of healthy cows and a cluster of cows suffering from ketosis with minimal mixing of individual cows between clusters. Metabolic parameters were divided into two large clusters: parameters whose values increased in ketosis and decreased in healthy animals and parameters whose values decreased in ketosis and increased in healthy individuals. In ketotic cows there was a higher expression of non-esterified fatty acids, total bilirubin, aspartate aminotransferase, insulin and growth hormone, and a lower expression of glucose, albumin, triglycerides, cholesterol and total lipids compared to the healthy group. In 3 cows with ketosis, greater metabolic similarity with healthy cows was found, because of the absence of pronounced changes in the concentration of hormones and glucose. Thyroxine and triiodothyronine showed either increased or decreased expression in ketotic cows. In cows with lower values of these hormones, there were more pronounced metabolic changes characteristic of ketosis. For the development of metabolic adaptations to ketosis, in addition to hyperketonemia, there must be endocrine changes and changes in glycemia.

scholarly journals The Association of Calcium Profiles at Calving with Health and Performance of Holstein Cows and Their Calves

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. p1
Author(s):  
Constantin Gavan ◽  
Mihaela Riza
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Fetal Membranes ◽  
Health Implications ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Significant Health ◽  
Friesian Cows

The aim of this study was to assess the association of hypocalcemia at calving with health and performance of Holstein cows and their calves. Data were collected January 1st 2017 to December 31st 2020. A total of 431 lactating Holstein Friesian cows (118 primiparous and 313 multiparous) from a research of hypocalcemia was 2 groups (hypo and non-hypo). The overall prevalence of hypocalcemia was 3.4% for first-lactation cows and 18% for multiparous cows. Lactating dairy cows with hypocalcemia had greater proportion of cows with Retained Fetal Membranes (RFM) metritis and culling within 60 days in milk (DIM), compared with non-hypocalcemia respectively. For the first 2 official milk tests milk yield and components (% fat, % protein on SCC) did not differ between hypo and non-hypo cows. The days in milk at first service, mastitis, dystocia and pregnancy at first service were not different between hypo and non-hypo groups. The proportion of stillbirth, survival at 60 days of age in calves did not differ between calves born from hypo or non-hypo cows. Calves born from Hypo cows had greater incidence of diarrhea (38.3%) than calves born (22.3%) from non-hypo cows. The results of this study show that hypocalcemia in calving has significant health implications for both dams and their calves.  

scholarly journals Predicting ketosis during the transition period in Holstein Friesian cows using hematological and serum biochemical parameters on the calving date

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seungmin Ha ◽  
Seogjin Kang ◽  
Manhye Han ◽  
Jihwan Lee ◽  
Hakjae Chung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Total Bilirubin ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin ◽  
Serum Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Distribution Width ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Friesian Cows

Abstract Ketosis often occurs during the transition period in dairy cows, which leads to economic and welfare problems. Ketosis was reported to be associated with hematological and serum biochemical parameters. However, the association between the parameters on the calving date and ketosis during the postpartum transition period remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association. Blood samples were collected from the jugular vein of Holstein cows on calving date and β-hydroxybutyrate was tested once every three days (8 times in 21 days). The cows were divided into three groups: non-ketosis, subclinical ketosis, and clinical ketosis. The clinical ketosis group significantly had the highest values of mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin, β-hydroxybutyrate, non-esterified fatty acids, and total bilirubin, but the lowest values of red cell distribution width, the counts of white blood cell, monocyte, and eosinophil, albumin, alanine transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase, and amylase. Non-ketosis group showed the opposite results (p < 0.05). The parameters are associated with the development and severity of ketosis. The findings suggest that these parameters on calving date may be useful indicators to identify dairy Holstein cow susceptible to ketosis during the transition period.

Plasma progesterone, metabolic hormones and beta-hydroxybutyrate in Holstein-Friesian cows after superovulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 485-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Balázs Bényei ◽  
István Komlósi ◽  
Anna Pécsi ◽  
Margit Kulcsár ◽  
László Huzsvai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Corpora Lutea ◽  
Optimum Level ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Metabolic Hormones ◽  
Lactation Stage ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Beta Hydroxybutyrate ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Friesian Cows

Metabolic hormones [insulin, leptin, insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I), thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3)], progesterone (P4) and beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) serum concentrations were evaluated and their effect on the superovulation results of donor cows was investigated in a semi-arid environment. Body weight, body condition score (BCS) and lactation stage were also included in the analysis. Twenty-three Holstein-Friesian cows were superovulated with 600 IU FSHp following the routine procedure and flushed on day 7 in a Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer Centre in the semi-arid area of Brazil. The corpora lutea (CL) were counted and blood samples were collected for assays. All of the hormones investigated and BHB serum concentrations were within the physiological ranges. There was a positive correlation between hormones, except between BHB and all the others. The leptin level was influenced by feeding status, as indicated by the BCS. Insulin, T4, T3 and BHB levels were affected by milking status. Dry cows had higher levels of all hormones except BHB. An optimum level of leptin resulted in the highest number of CL, while the linear increase of P4, T4 and IGF significantly increased the number of CL.

scholarly journals Variation of Blood Metabolites of Brown Swiss, Holstein-Friesian, and Simmental Cows

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Benedet ◽  
Marco Franzoi ◽  
Carmen L. Manuelian ◽  
Mauro Penasa ◽  
Massimo De Marchi
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectra ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Early Summer ◽  
Blood Metabolites ◽  
Mid Infrared ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Brown Swiss ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Friesian Cows

Serum metabolic profile is a common method to monitor health and nutritional status of dairy cows, but blood sampling and analysis are invasive, time-consuming, and expensive. Milk mid-infrared spectra have recently been used to develop prediction models for blood metabolites. The current study aimed to investigate factors affecting blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and urea nitrogen (BUN) predicted from a large milk mid-infrared spectra database. Data consisted of the first test-day record of early-lactation cows in multi-breed herds. Holstein-Friesian cows had the greatest concentration of blood BHB and NEFA, followed by Simmental and Brown Swiss. The greatest and the lowest concentrations of BUN were detected for Brown Swiss and Holstein-Friesian, respectively. The greatest BHB concentration was observed in the first two weeks of lactation for Brown Swiss and Holstein-Friesian. Across the first month of lactation, NEFA decreased and BUN increased for all considered breeds. The greatest concentrations of blood BHB and NEFA were recorded in spring and early summer, whereas BUN peaked in December. Environmental effects identified in the present study can be included as adjusting factors in within-breed estimation of genetic parameters for major blood metabolites.

Energy and nitrogen metabolism in Holstein-Friesian cows during early lactation

2000 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 503-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Sutter ◽  
D. E. Beever
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Metabolism ◽  
Negative Energy ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Energy Output ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Energy Retention ◽  
Friesian Cows

AbstractEnergy and nitrogen metabolism were examined at weekly intervals during lactation weeks 1 to 8 in Holstein-Friesian cows (no. = 9) offered a diet of hay, maize pellets (whole plant) and concentrates, (barley, maize and soya bean; forage : concentrate ratio 65 : 35), with feeding levels close toad libitum.After calving, the cows lost body weight until week 7, with peak milk yield (35 kg/day) recorded during week 3. Dry-matter intakes increased progressively to week 4 then remained relatively constant. Apparent digestibility of dietary energy was unaffected by stage of lactation but the overall value was low (0·653) indicative of the quantity and quality of long hay in the diet. Metabolizable energy intakes ranged between 163 and 202 MJ/day, with little between-week variation after that between weeks 1 and 2 (P< 0·01). Milk energy output was relatively stable during weeks 1 to 4 but then declined progressively for each remaining week, whilst heat energy output was relatively constant throughout. Estimates of body energy retention indicated the cows were in negative energy balance at all times, being greater in week 1 (64 MJ/day,P< 0·01) than weeks 2 to 4 (mean, 35 MJ/day) or weeks 5 to 8 (22 MJ/day). Digestible nitrogen (N) intake was reduced in week 1, whilst apparent N digestibility declined significantly , with little between-week variation after that between weeks 1 and 2 < 0·05) as lactation progressed. The cows were in negative N balance (–19 g/day) during week 1, with zero (week 2) or positive balances noted thereafter.It is concluded that during early lactation, the extent of body tissue mobilization in average yielding cows can be substantial and prolonged, whilst attainment of positive body N status occurred earlier and was not related to the energy status of the cows.

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