scholarly journals Establishment of the network and the surveillance for wildlife health in Albania

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 450-457
Author(s):  
K. Korro ◽  
L. Cara
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Wildlife Health ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
World Organization

Wildlife health surveillance is important in conservation of the wild species but also to identify the wild animal reservoirs of pathogens affecting human and domestic animals. The Wildlife Health Surveillance plays an important role in ensuring veterinary public health and human health and contributes to safe animal-human-ecosystems interfaces. The Albanian network for wildlife health surveillance was established in 2009. The building of a surveillance network and system for wildlife health began with the support of World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), Technical Assistance and Information Exchange instrument of the European Commission (EU TAIEX Programme, Ministry of Education of Albania and World Bank. Training and staff preparation for wildlife health surveillance was provided. In addition, a research laboratory for surveillance of some important wildlife disease was built. The surveillance for rabies in wild carnivores, HPAI in wild birds, the hantaviruses in rodents and tularaemia in wild rabbits, which are also zoonoses, are some results of these endeavours in Albania. Albanian public veterinary health and public human health envisage improving the strategy for wildlife health surveillance under One Health approach in order to ensure veterinary health, public health and environmental health and to contribute to the OIE wildlife health information system as well.

scholarly journals A stastistical system for detecting Salmonella outbreaks in British livestock

2006 ◽  
Vol 134 (5) ◽  
pp. 952-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. KOSMIDER ◽  
L. KELLY ◽  
S. EVANS ◽  
G. GETTINBY
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Current Data ◽  
Surveillance Data ◽  
Data Types ◽  
Data Collection Process ◽  
Health Surveillance Data

Worldwide, early detection systems have been used in public health to aid the timely detection of increases in disease reporting that may be indicative of an outbreak. To date, their application to animal surveillance has been limited and statistical methods to analyse human health data have not been viewed as being applicable for animal health surveillance data. This issue was investigated by developing an early detection system for Salmonella disease in British livestock. We conclude that an early detection system, as for public health surveillance, can be an effective tool for enhanced surveillance. In order to implement this system in the future and extend it for other data types, we provide recommendations for improving the current data collection process. These recommendations will ensure that quality surveillance data are collected and used effectively to monitor disease in livestock populations.

The Concept And Methods Of Community Participation In Animal And Human Disease Surveillance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Musa Ibrahim Waziri ◽  
Kaltungo Bilkisu Yunusa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Animal Diseases ◽  
Health Project ◽  
The Right ◽  
Animal Trade

Abstract Background: Animal health surveillance is essential to protecting public health, controlling animal diseases and accessing international animal trade with a view to ensuring food security. The practice of subsistent agriculture makes laboratory disease surveillance and statistics difficult or impracticable to implement. Many times, the information generated through conventional approach may not reflect true field situations. Therefore, animal health project interventions from conventional data may be difficult to implement. Community engagement, however, empowers and ensures lasting solutions to developmental challenges.Methods : Field experiences and a review of the origin, concepts, methods and tools of Participatory epidemiology (PE) in disease surveillance suggest their appropriate uses.Results : Community participation in animal and public health investigation, program design, implementation and monitoring is credited with ownership, acceptability and sustainability.Conclusion : This research highlights how and why participation is an essential component of a successful disease surveillance design and implementation. However, the success of any participatory program depends on understanding the bases and applications of the right tools.

scholarly journals Australian Bat Lyssavirus: Analysis of National Bat Surveillance Data from 2010 to 2016

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Rachel Iglesias ◽  
Keren Cox-Witton ◽  
Hume Field ◽  
Lee F. Skerratt ◽  
Janine Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Wildlife Health ◽  
Human Contact ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
Reproductive Cycles ◽  
Australian Bat Lyssavirus ◽  
Flying Fox ◽  
Animal Health Services

Australian bat lyssavirus (ABLV) was first described in 1996 and has been regularly detected in Australian bats since that time. While the virus does not cause population level impacts in bats and has minimal impacts on domestic animals, it does pose a public health risk. For this reason, bats are monitored for ABLV and a national dataset is collated and maintained by Wildlife Health Australia. The 2010–2016 dataset was analysed using logistic regression and time-series analysis to identify predictors of infection status in bats and the factors associated with human exposure to bats. In common with previous passive surveillance studies, we found that little red flying-foxes (Pteropus scapulatus) are more likely than other species to be infected with ABLV. In the four Australian mainland species of flying-fox, there are seasonal differences in infection risk that may be associated with reproductive cycles, with summer and autumn the seasons of greatest risk. The risk of human contact was also seasonal, with lower risk in winter. In line with other studies, we found that the circumstances in which the bat is encountered, such as exhibiting abnormal behaviour or being grounded, are risk factors for ABLV infection and human contact and should continue be key components of public health messaging. We also found evidence of biased recording of some types of information, which made interpretation of some findings more challenging. Strengthening of “One Health” linkages between public health and animal health services at the operational level could help overcome these biases in future, and greater harmonisation nationally would increase the value of the dataset.

scholarly journals Public–private partnerships in trust-based public health social networking: Connecting organizations for regional disease surveillance (CORDS)

1969 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise S Greshama ◽  
Leslie A Pray ◽  
Suwit Wibulpolprasert ◽  
Beverly Trayner
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Rockefeller Foundation ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
World Health ◽  
Health Security ◽  
Regional Disease ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
World Organization

We describe a new trust-based global health security initiative known as CORDS: Connecting Organizations for Regional Disease Surveillance. Initiated and managed by the Nuclear Threat Initiative with support of The Rockefeller Foundation, Fondation Mérieux and the Skoll Global Threats Fund. CORDS is a non-governmental platform to transform dialogue among public health, veterinary and wildlife professionals from multi-country infectious disease surveillance networks. It also links with the World Health Organization, World Organization for Animal Health and other global partners in managing cross-border emerging infectious disease threats and building disease surveillance capacity. The public–private partnerships of CORDS create a global social fabric and continuity of disease experts based upon trust.

scholarly journals Irreparable Global Spread of Pathogens and International Trade – Infection Monitoring

2014 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Václav Kouba
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Information System ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Health Information ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Health Information System ◽  
Global Spread ◽  
The Impact

Abstract There is no systematic monitoring of global spreading of pathogens through international trade carried out by any organisation regulating world-wide trade in animals and their products. A critical evaluation of the impact of international trade provisions on global pathogen spread is missing as well. Data related to this kind of analysis are no more internationally collected. However, information on animal infection occurrence is of paramount importance for decision-making on animal health import conditions based on pathogen introduction risk assessment considering first of all the epizootiological situation in exporting countries. Actual international animal health information system covers just a small part of known animal infections and provides much less information on their occurrence and epizootiological characteristics than before (except for a few selected emergency infections). It provides the importing countries zero or insufficient data for objective risk assessment to avoid pathogen introduction through international trade. Illegal export/import is not recorded in any information system. The globalisation era trade requires much more efficient information system, including monitoring of global spread of pathogenic microflora through trade, as the basis for more effective international preventive and control anti-epizootic measures. There is an urgent need to re-establish animal health information system within the United Nations Organization as its inseparable component for follow-up execution of animal health technical assistance and global anti-epizootic programmes.

Pathology's Contributions to Disease Surveillance: Sending Our Data to Public Health Officials and Encouraging Our Clinical Colleagues to Do So

2009 ◽  
Vol 133 (6) ◽  
pp. 926-932
Author(s):  
Raymond D. Aller
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Public Health Surveillance ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Surveillance Network ◽  
Over The Counter ◽  
Skill Sets ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Health Officials ◽  
Pathology Data

Abstract Pathology and clinical laboratories produce many types of data and information that are of relevance in protecting the health of the public. Electronic linkages between laboratory/pathology information systems and public health surveillance databases help ensure that these data reach the appropriate responder rapidly, completely, and accurately. Many efforts are underway to facilitate the flow of data from laboratory/pathology data sources to public health systems. Likewise, pathologists can encourage the contribution of clinical data from other parts of the health care enterprise. Chief complaint data from the emergency department and usage of over-the-counter medications from the retail pharmacy are useful for real-time population health surveillance. Having directly advocated transmission of data from our laboratories and facilitated other departments' participation in the public health surveillance network, we can also serve the public's health in other ways. Public health jurisdictions have a great need for staff with the skill sets of an experienced laboratorian. So, plan to contribute: data and talent.

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