scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF STEAM EXPLOSION ON MATERIAL PROPERTIES UNDER PRESSURE AGGLOMERATION

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam ŚWIĘTOCHOWSKI ◽  
Jakub GAWRON ◽  
Magdalena DĄBROWSKA ◽  
Aleksander LISOWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Material Properties ◽  
Steam Explosion ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Wood Chips ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Combustion Heat ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Value Determination ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The purpose of the study was to determine the influence of the steam explosion process on the change in properties of the material subjected to this process. Wood chips were used before and after the steam explosion (SE), and pellets made from wood chips subjected to steam explosions (black pellet). The scope of the study included determination of physical and chemical characteristics such as moisture content, combustion heat and calorific value, determination of lignin and hemicellulose, cellulose and hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen and sulfur content. hemicellulose compounds. After the process biomass, there are still mainly cellulose and lignin compounds that are readily biodegradable. The process results in a slight increase in material humidity and lower calorific value, but further processing in the form of agglomeration results in reversal of these effects.

Physical-Chemical and Thermal Characterization of Powder Eucalyptus Bark

2020 ◽  
Vol 1012 ◽  
pp. 489-493
Author(s):  
João Lúcio de Barros ◽  
Marcelo Aparecido Mendonça ◽  
Fábio Minoru Yamaji ◽  
Luciano Donizeti Varanda ◽  
Hiroyuki Yamamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Energy Product ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eucalyptus Bark

Eucalyptus bark is an agroindustry residue generated in large quantities due to its physical-chemical characteristics. Several industries, such as the pulp and paper industry, the timber and derived industries, do the wood separation and commonly the bark is discarded in the field or sent to companies that consume them as an energy product. Although it is a material with a high energy content, even larger than the wood itself, due to its characteristics, some companies cannot consume this material without first processing it. This processing serves to change the geometry of the material, either by reducing the size of the fibers, that is to standardize a particle size, to facilitate the transport and internal logistics of the companies, until the arrival in the burners and / or boilers. Therefore, it is necessary to know some physical and chemical characteristics of the material before and after these changes. The purpose of this work was to characterize and compare the particulate matter with the processed material. It was carried out the immediate chemical analysis, the verification of the humidity and density, the calorific value of the materials and the thermal degradation in inert and oxidizing atmosphere. The results showed that there were beneficial changes in the characteristics of the materials, mainly in the thermal analyzes. These characteristics corroborate with the need to process the material in order to obtain better results in its applications.

scholarly journals PHYSICO-CHEMICAL STUDIES OF APITOXIN AND PRODUCTS ON ITS BASIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 351-366
Author(s):  
L. I. Butenko ◽  
S. A. Kuleshova ◽  
J. V. Podgornaya ◽  
L. P. Myikots ◽  
A. B. Dmitriev
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Determination ◽  
Reference Sample ◽  
Pharmaceutical Products ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Determination Limit ◽  
Uv Spectrum ◽  
Physical And Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Main Component ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Introduction.Nowadays, it is vitally important to develop a method for quantifying melittin not only in apitoxin samples, but also in the products of its processing.The aim of our studyis to investigate physical and chemical characteristics of melittin, the main component of apitoxin, as well as the development of methods for the quantitative determination of melittin in the samples of apitoxin and in the pharmaceutical products derived from apitoxin: “Sophia with apitoxin” cream and “Apizartron” ointment.Materials and methods.The objects of the research were apitoxin and melittin, as well as the samples of “Sophia with apitoxin” cream and “Apizartron” ointment satisfying the requirements of regulatory documentation, produced in lots by domestic and foreign manufacturers. The UV spectra of melittin and apitoxin were registered on SF 103 spectrophotometer in quartz cuvettes with 1 cm thickness. The IR spectra were investigated on the IR-instrument of Fourier – FSM-1201 spectrophotometer, LLC “Infraspek”. The determination of melittin purity was carried out by chromatography.Results and discussion. The basic physical and chemical characteristics were established for melittin as a reference sample and the main component of apitoxin. The melting temperature was: (Tmelt.)=190ºС. In the UV-spectrum there could be watched the absorption maxima corresponding to 2 peaks: λ max = 225±2 nm and 285±2 nm were observed. As an analytical wavelength, it is necessary to choose the peak λ =285 nm, since the peak with λ =225 nm is associated with the absorption of light by the internal (shielded) benzene ring of the tryptophan molecule. The nature of the curve and the position of the maxima of the spectra of melittin and the apitoxin solution coincide, which makes it possible to use melittin as a standard for spectrometric quantitative determination of the active substances in apitoxin and preparations based on apitoxin.Conclusion. The worked out spectrophotometric methods for the quantitative determination of melittin in apitoxin has been validated by the indices of specificity, accuracy, detection limit, quantitative determination limit, linearity.

Mechanical, physical and chemical properties of saw dust briquette

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Arul Kumar ◽  
H. Kanaga Sabapathy ◽  
I. Neethimanickam
Keyword(s):  
Mass Density ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Shearing Strength ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The present study deals with determination of physical, mechanical and combustion characteristics like mass, density, compressive strength, shearing strength, moisture content, total ash content, fixed carbon, volatile matter, gross calorific value of Sawdust briquette. Briquette quality is evaluated mainly by briquette density. Briquette density is very important from the viewpoint of manipulation, burning speed, briquette durability, etc. During our research, theoretical analyses of parameters which have an impact on briquette quality were conducted. The sawdust sample produced using super-70 piston press machine. The compression test and shear test were conducted for three sawdust sample using compression testing machine. For quality and durability evaluation of the manufactured briquette the density and strength properties were determined. To determine the calorific value and proximate analysis of the briquette using the tests carried out in the lab.

scholarly journals Quantitative determination of energy potential of refuse derived fuel from the waste recovered from Indian landfill

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkata Ravi Sankar Cheela ◽  
Michele John ◽  
Brajesh Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Ultimate Analysis ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Plastic Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical

AbstractLandfills are urban stocks and resource reservoirs for potential energy recovery. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the amount of energy that could be recovered from aged waste (around 5–20 yr old) recovered from landfills. Investigations were conducted on the physical and chemical properties of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) prepared from recovered landfill waste (RLW) in Andhra Pradesh, India. Waste characterization studies include determination of waste composition, proximity analysis, ultimate analysis, and energy content. The moisture content ranged between 25.7 to 31.3% and no trend was observed with age. In the ultimate analysis, the percentage of carbon increased from 42.9 to 71.7% with the age of the samples, this is due to an increase in the plastic content over time. The calorific value of the recovered landfill waste ranged from 10.4 to 21.8 MJ kg− 1. From the findings, it can be summarized that the RDF can potentially be utilized as a feedstock for the recovery of energy from RLW. The results from this study will assist policy makers and local authorities in designing and developing strategies for resource and energy recovery from landfills in different urban cites across the globe.

scholarly journals Quantitative determination of energy potential of refuse derived fuel from the waste recovered from Indian landfill

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V R Sankar Cheela ◽  
Michele John ◽  
Brajesh Dubey
Keyword(s):  
Energy Recovery ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
Ultimate Analysis ◽  
Refuse Derived Fuel ◽  
Plastic Content ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract Landfills are urban stocks and resource reservoirs for potential energy recovery. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the amount of energy that could be recovered from aged waste (around 5 - 20 years old) recovered from landfills. Investigations were conducted on the physical and chemical properties of refuse-derived fuel (RDF) prepared from recovered landfill waste (RLW) in Andhra Pradesh, India. Waste characterization studies included determination of waste composition, proximity analysis, ultimate analysis, and energy content. The moisture content ranged between 25.70 to 31.30%, however, no trend was observed with age. In the ultimate analysis, the percentage of carbon increased from 42.94% to 71. 66% with the age of the samples, this is due to an increase in the plastic content over time. The calorific value of the recovered landfill waste ranged from 10.35 MJ/kg to 21.83 MJ/kg. From the findings, it can be summarized that the RDF can potentially be utilized as a feedstock for the recovery of energy from RLW. The results from this study will assist policy makers and local authorities in designing and developing strategies for resource and energy recovery from landfills in different urban cites across the globe.

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