scholarly journals WOODWORKING TOOLS: TRIBOLOGICAL PROBLEMS AND DIRECTIONS OF SOLUTIONS

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Kazlauskas ◽  
V. Jankauskas
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Constructional Material ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Wide Scope ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Wood Cutting

The article reviews wood as a constructional material – its chemical composition and mechanical properties. The materials of woodworking tools and their properties are reviewed. The wood milling process is described. The mechanisms of wear of blades of wood cutting tools are overviewed in wide scope. Besides, the methods, how to increase resistance of tool materials to wear, are described.

Performance characteristics of steel 1.2842 after nitridation

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48
Author(s):  
Michal Krbaťa ◽  
◽  
Jana Escherová ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Plasma Nitriding ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Mechanical And Tribological Properties ◽  
Structure Thickness ◽  
Pin On Disc

The paper deals with the change in mechanical properties and wear of 1.2842 universal tool steel after plasma nitriding, which is widely used to produce cutting tools with good durability and low operating costs. Plasma nitriding was performed at a temperature of 500 °C for 10-hour period in a standard N2 /H2 atmosphere with 1:3 gases ratio. Microstructure, phase structure, thickness of a nitriding layer and surface roughness of samples were measured with optical microscopes and a profilometer. Verification of a chemical composition was carried out on the BAS TASMAN Q4 device. Wear resistance was measured on a universal TRIBOLAB UTM 3 tribometer, through a, “pin on disc“ method. The results of experiments have shown that plasma nitriding process, significantly improves the mechanical and tribological properties of selected materials.

USE OF THE THEORY OF SIMILARITY IN THE STUDY OF CUTTING TOOL WEAR

Tribologia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 277 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav F. BEZYAZYCHNY ◽  
Marian SZCZEREK ◽  
V.V. NEPOMILUEV ◽  
Z.W. KISELEV
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tool Wear ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Wear Intensity ◽  
Cutting Conditions ◽  
Tool Geometry ◽  
Dimensionless Numbers ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Cutting Tool Wear

The paper highlights the methods to define wear intensity of cutting tools using the theory of similarity. The dimensionless numbers of the cutting procedures, which are necessary in calculating cutting tool wear intensity, are defined with regard to the cutting conditions, cutting tool geometry, and the physico-mechanical properties of the work stock and the tool materials.

Particle -Reinforced SiAlONs for Cutting Tools

2007 ◽  
Vol 554 ◽  
pp. 129-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Bitterlich ◽  
Kilian Friederich
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Hard Particles ◽  
Strong Competition ◽  
Alpha Beta ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Cutting Tool Materials

CeramTec AG is a well-known manufacturer of cutting tool materials, especially for inserts based on silicon nitride. Some years ago it started the production of alpha/beta-SiAlONs because of their superior properties. Due to strong competition in the cutting tool business there is a constant need for further development of the cutting tool materials. One possibility to increase wear resistanceand life time of cutting tools is to increase the hardness and maintaining the good toughness at the same time. This can be done by adding hard particles like e.g. SiC to an alpha/beta- SiAlON. In 2003 an improved grade had been presented: a SiC-reinforced alpha/beta-SiAlON. This composite material shows a significantly reduced wear during machining of cast iron. The effect of SiC-addition on mechanical properties is discussed.

Effect of Mechanical Properties of Al2O3/(W,Ti)C Ceramic Tool Material on Its Tribological Characterization

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Limei Wang ◽  
Xiaorui Shi ◽  
Bo Wang ◽  
Hanlian Liu ◽  
Chuanzhen Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Friction Coefficient ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Cutting Tools ◽  
Tool Material ◽  
Ceramic Tool ◽  
Tool Materials ◽  
Ceramic Tool Material ◽  
Different Temperatures

Abstract Ceramic cutting tools are mainly used in high-speed dry machining, thus the tool material is in high temperature friction state with the workpiece material during cutting. The tribological characterizations have a direct impact on the cutting performance of the tool. Therefore, tribological characterizations of two kinds of ceramic tool materials with different mechanical properties against hardened steel H13 were compared at the same temperature, one material is Al2O3/(W,Ti)C/Ni with Ni(marked as AWTN), another is Al2O3/(W,Ti)C without Ni(marked as AWT). Also, the variation of tribological characterizations of AWT ceramic tool material with different temperatures was emphatically investigated. The results showed that the average friction coefficients of AWT and AWTN decreased with the increase of sliding speed under the same load, and the friction coefficient of AWT was lower than that of AWTN. Although AWTN material had better flexural strength and fracture toughness than AWT at ambient temperature, yet better hardness of AWT material both at room temperature and high temperature led to the lower friction coefficient and lower wear rate, indicating that the hardness had a greater impact on the wear of ceramic tool materials. The friction coefficient of AWT decreased with the increase of load and increased with the increase of temperature. The wear mechanism of Al2O3/(W,Ti)C ceramic tool material was different at different temperatures. The conclusion of this research had important guiding significance for the selection of cutting tools and cutting parameters in order to improve the machining quality.

Study of the character and causes of destruction of the cardan shaft of the propeller engine

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 43-50
Author(s):  
D. A. Movenko ◽  
L. V. Morozova ◽  
S. V. Shurtakov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Yield Point ◽  
Protective Coating ◽  
Fracture Pattern ◽  
Corrosion Cracking ◽  
Tempered Martensite ◽  
Neck Formation ◽  
Static Mechanism ◽  
Shaft Surface

The results of studying operational destruction of a high-loaded cardan shaft of the propeller engine made of steel 38KhN3MFA are presented to elucidate the cause of damage and develop a set of recommendations and measures aimed at elimination of adverse factors. Methods of scanning electron and optical microscopy, as well as X-ray spectral microanalysis are used to determine the mechanical properties, chemical composition, microstructure, and fracture pattern of cardan shaft fragments. It is shown that the mechanical properties and chemical composition of the material correspond to the requirements of the regulatory documentation, defects of metallurgical origin both in the shaft metal and in the fractures are absent. The microstructure of the studied shaft fragments is tempered martensite. Fractographic analysis revealed that the destruction of cardan shaft occurred by a static mechanism. The fracture surface is coated with corrosion products. The revealed cracks developed by the mechanism of corrosion cracking due to violation of the protective coating on the shaft. The results of the study showed that the destruction of the cardan shaft of a propeller engine made of steel 38Kh3MFA occurred due to formation and development of spiral cracks by the mechanism of stress corrosion cracking under loads below the yield point of steel. The reason for «neck» formation upon destruction of the shaft fragment is attributed to the yield point of steel attained during operation. Regular preventive inspections are recommended to assess the safety of the protective coating on the shaft surface to exclude formation and development of corrosion cracks.

Structural features and strength behavior of TRIP/TWIP steels

2020 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
D. V. Prosvirnin ◽  
◽  
M. S. Larionov ◽  
S. V. Pivovarchik ◽  
A. G. Kolmakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Thermomechanical Processing ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Stacking Fault ◽  
Stacking Fault Energy ◽  
Structural And Functional Properties ◽  
Twip Steels ◽  
The Creation

A review of the literature data on the structural features of TRIP / TWIP steels, their relationship with mechanical properties and the relationship of strength parameters under static and cyclic loading was carried out. It is shown that the level of mechanical properties of such steels is determined by the chemical composition and processing technology (thermal and thermomechanical processing, hot and cold pressure treatment), aimed at achieving a favorable phase composition. At the atomic level, the most important factor is stacking fault energy, the level of which will be decisive in the formation of austenite twins and / or the formation of strain martensite. By selecting the chemical composition, it is possible to set the stacking fault energy corresponding to the necessary mechanical characteristics. In the case of cyclic loads, an important role is played by the strain rate and the maximum load during testing. So at high loading rates and a load approaching the yield strength under tension, the intensity of the twinning processes and the formation of martensite increases. It is shown that one of the relevant ways to further increase of the structural and functional properties of TRIP and TWIP steels is the creation of composite materials on their basis. At present, surface modification and coating, especially by ion-vacuum methods, can be considered the most promising direction for the creation of such composites.

Weldability - Behavior of Welded Reinforcement

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 3469-3472
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Mechanical Characteristics ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Carbon Equivalent ◽  
Work Process ◽  
Ultimate Limit

Weldability involves two aspects: welding behavior of components and safety in operation. The two aspects will be reduced to the mechanical characteristics of the elements and to the chemical composition. In the case of steel reinforcing rebar’s, it is reduces to the percentage of Cech(carbon equivalent) and to the mechanical characteristics: the yielding limit, the ultimate limit, and the elongations which after that represent the ductility class in which the re-bars is framed. The paper will present some types of steel reinforcing rebar’s with its mechanical characteristics and the welding behavior of those elements. In the current work, process-related behavior of welded reinforcement, joint local and global mechanical properties, and their correlation with behavior of normal reinforcement and also the mechanical performance resulted in this type of joints. Keywords: welding behavior, ultimate limit, reinforcing rebar’s

scholarly journals Coir Fibers Treated with Henna as a Potential Reinforcing Filler in the Synthesis of Polyurethane Composites

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (5) ◽  
pp. 1128
Author(s):  
Sylwia Członka ◽  
Anna Strąkowska ◽  
Agnė Kairytė
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Milling Process ◽  
Coir Fiber ◽  
Lawsonia Inermis ◽  
Coir Fibers ◽  
Mechanical Performances ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Reinforcing Filler

In this study, coir fibers were successfully modified with henna (derived from the Lawsonia inermis plant) using a high-energy ball-milling process. In the next step, such developed filler was used as a reinforcing filler in the production of rigid polyurethane (PUR) foams. The impact of 1, 2, and 5 wt % of coir-fiber filler on structural and physico-mechanical properties was evaluated. Among all modified series of PUR composites, the greatest improvement in physico-mechanical performances was observed for PUR composites reinforced with 1 wt % of the coir-fiber filler. For example, on the addition of 1 wt % of coir-fiber filler, the compression strength was improved by 23%, while the flexural strength increased by 9%. Similar dependence was observed in the case of dynamic-mechanical properties—on the addition of 1 wt % of the filler, the value of glass transition temperature increased from 149 °C to 178 °C, while the value of storage modulus increased by ~80%. It was found that PUR composites reinforced with coir-fiber filler were characterized by better mechanical performances after the UV-aging.

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