scholarly journals NUMERICAL INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECTS OF GASOLINE AND HYDROGEN BLENDS ON SI ENGINE COMBUSTION

2014 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Saugirdas Pukalskas ◽  
Alfredas Rimkus ◽  
Mindaugas Melaika ◽  
Zenonas Bogdanovičius ◽  
Jonas Matijošius
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Exhaust Gases ◽  
Software Analysis ◽  
Engine Efficiency ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Analysis Of Results ◽  
Hc Emissions

Even small amount additive (10…15% by volume from whole air amount) of hydrogen (H2) into spark ignition (SI) engines obviously effects ecological parameters and engine efficiency because of H2 exclusive properties. SI engine work process simulation was made using AVL Boost simulation software. Analysis of results showed that engine power depends a lot on H2 supply technique into engine; NOx amount in exhaust gases directly proportional to the amount of H2, however, making mixture leaner up to λ = 1.6, it is possible to reach significant NOx decrease. Increased amount of H2 as an additive in fuel, changes H/C ratio in fuel mixture, also hydrogen improves properties of the mixture (particularly lean) and combustion of hydrocarbons what can be a reason of decreased HC emissions in exhaust gases. Keyword(s): Hydrogen and gasoline mixture, engine efficiency, exhaust gases, nitrous oxides, hydrocarbons, simulation.

scholarly journals Effect of Sisal Nanoparticles on Single Cylinder Spark Ignition Engine Combustion

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 1027-1032
Keyword(s):  
Flame Propagation ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Propagation Velocities

Turbulence is an important parameter to be considered for effective combustion inside a cylinder. Heat transfer inside the cylinder affects the combustion process. Insufficient turbulence leads to incomplete combustion, resulting in pollution. Effective flame propagation leads to higher combustion rates in SI engines which in turn requires enough turbulence. Effective combustion efficiency can be achieved through higher flame propagation velocities. In the present work an attempt has been made to enhance the turbulence inside the cylinder of a single cylinder spark ignition engine by injecting solid nanoparticles into the air fuel mixture.

Performance enhancement using different nitromethane blends in a small two-stroke engine

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Raviteja Sammeta ◽  
Ramakrishna PA ◽  
Asvathanarayanan Ramesh
Keyword(s):  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Combustion Efficiency ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Fuel Blend ◽  
Emission Analysis ◽  
Marginal Value ◽  
Lower Heating Value ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Hc Emissions ◽  
Alternate Fuels

Abstract Nitromethane being immiscible in gasoline, is often added to methanol to enhance the engine power output. But with the use of methanol as the base fuel, the brake specific fuel consumption (BSFC) of the SI engine often doubles due to its lower heating value. To constrain this increase to a marginal value, a tri-component fuel blend consisting of nitromethane-alcohol-gasoline was prepared and observed to be stable. Methanol, ethanol, and butanol were the chosen alcohols for the tests due to their popularity as alternate fuels for SI engines. Tests on a small (35cc) two-stroke SI engine revealed that the torque produced with the use of tri-component blends was comparable to nitromethane-methanol blend and was on an average 1.35 times higher than gasoline. However, the BSFC with the nitromethane-butanol-gasoline blend was 50% lower than nitromethane-methanol blend and was only 14% higher than gasoline. The emission analysis showed lower HC emissions with the tri-component blends proving the improved combustion efficiency due to better mixing of the fuel-air mixture. Combustion analysis showed the increased heat release rate with nitromethane addition due to its higher flame speeds.

scholarly journals Effect of Pre-Heated Air on Spark Ignition Engine Fuelled with Petrol-Ethanol Blends

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4S2) ◽  
pp. 174-177
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engine ◽  
Exhaust Gas ◽  
Gas Analyzer ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Improve Efficiency ◽  
Heated Air ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Ethanol Blends

Bio-fuels have been made vital developments from past decades, in which bio-petrol plays a major role in SI engines. Developments in petrol-ethanol blends have been made to improve the efficiency of SI engine. Air preheated is supported widely in preheating of intake air. To improve efficiency and to reduce emission, air preheated is used in many systems. SI engines are used in automobiles, motor cycles, aircrafts, motorboats and portable small engine. In this work, investigations have been done in the SI engine which intakes preheated air-fuel mixture and various blends of ethanol petrol fuel is used as working fuel. Emission tests are done by exhaust gas analyzer to compare the emissions of different fuels.

Estimation of Wiebe Function Parameters for Syngas and Anode Off-Gas Combustion in Spark-Ignition Engines

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruinan Yang ◽  
Zhongnan Ran ◽  
Dimitris Assanis
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Process ◽  
Fuel Mixture ◽  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Gas Combustion ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Comparable Accuracy ◽  
Fuel Mass Fraction ◽  
Wiebe Function

Abstract Wiebe functions, analytical equations that estimate the fuel mass fraction burned (MFB) during combustion, have been effective at describing spark-ignition (SI) engine combustion using gasoline fuels. This study explores if the same methodology can be extended for SI combustion with syngas, a gaseous fuel mixture composed of H2, CO, and CO2, and anode-off gas; the latter is an exhaust gas mixture emitted from the anode of a Solid Oxide Fuel Cell, containing H2, CO, H2O, and CO2. For this study, anode off-gas is treated as a syngas fuel diluted with CO2 and vaporized water. Combustion experiments were run on a single-cylinder, research engine using syngas and anode-off gas as fuels. One single Wiebe function and three double Wiebe functions were fitted and compared with the MFB profile calculated from the experimental data. It was determined that the SI combustion process of both the syngas and the anode-off gas could be estimated using a governing Wiebe function. While the detailed double Wiebe function had the highest accuracy, a reduced double Wiebe function is capable of achieving comparable accuracy. On the other hand, a single Wiebe function is not able to fully capture the combustion process of a SI engine using syngas and anode off-gas.

Crash Test Software Analysis

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justin F. Harrison ◽  
Ionut Radu ◽  
Alan J. Babcock ◽  
Beth A. Todd
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Crash Test ◽  
Software Analysis ◽  
Design Engineers ◽  
Software Packages ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Safety Features ◽  
Physical Construction ◽  
Advanced Computer

The development of highly advanced computer simulation software packages has enabled design engineers to more effectively integrate safety features into their designs. Designs can be tested long before any physical construction ever begins. This saves money, allowing more extensive testing to be performed, and it also saves time, expediting the process of moving concept to reality. In the automotive industry, such software can be especially useful, since computer simulations can be run over and over again, making it possible to observe the effects of adjusting single variables in dynamic situations. This has opened the door for testing of non-typical occupants. Restraints and safety devices are no longer designed to suit the needs of the average person; they can be tailored to account for all body types, or even for the disabled.

Thermodynamic Analysis of a Multi-Fueled Single Cylinder SI Engine

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Z. Haq ◽  
M. R. Mohiuddin
Keyword(s):  
Thermodynamic Analysis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Second Law Of Thermodynamics ◽  
Second Law ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Gaseous Species ◽  
Single Cylinder ◽  
Engine Cylinder ◽  
Si Engines

The paper presents a thermodynamic analysis of a single cylinder four-stroke spark-ignition (SI) engine fuelled by four fuels namely iso-octane, methane, methanol and hydrogen. In SI engines, due to phenomena like ignition delay and finite flame speed manifested by the fuels, the heat addition process is not instantaneous, and hence ‘Weibe function’ is used to address the realistic heat release scenario of the engine. Empirical correlations are used to predict the heat loss from the engine cylinder. Physical states and chemical properties of gaseous species present inside the cylinder are determined using first and second law of thermodynamics, chemical kinetics, JANAF thermodynamic data-base and NASA polynomials. The model is implemented in FORTRAN 95 using standard numerical routines and some simulation results are validated against data available in literature. The second law of thermodynamics is applied to estimate the change of exergy i.e. the work potential or quality of the in-cylinder mixture undergoing various phases to complete the cycle. Results indicate that, around 4 to 24% of exergy initially possessed by the in-cylinder mixture is reduced during combustion and about 26 to 42% is left unused and exhausted to the atmosphere.

A Control-Oriented Reaction-Based SI Engine Combustion Model

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruixue C. Li ◽  
Guoming G. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reaction ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Combustion Model ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Si Engine ◽  
Chemical Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Rate Of Heat Release ◽  
Mass And Heat Transfer

This paper proposes a control-oriented chemical reaction-based two-zone combustion model designed to accurately describe the combustion process and thermal performance for spark-ignition engines. The combustion chamber is assumed to be divided into two zones: reaction and unburned zones, where the chemical reaction takes place in the reaction zone and the unburned zone contains all the unburned mixture. In contrast to the empirical pre-determined Wiebe-function-based combustion model, an ideal two-step chemical reaction mechanism is used to reliably model the detailed combustion process such as mass-fraction-burned (MFB) and rate of heat release. The interaction between two zones includes mass and heat transfer at the zone interface to have a smooth combustion process. This control-oriented model is extensively calibrated based on the experimental data to demonstrate its capability of predicting the combustion process and thermodynamic states of the in-cylinder mixture.

A New Approach for Ignition Timing Correction in Spark Ignition Engines Based on Cylinder Tendency to Surface Ignition

2016 ◽  
Vol 819 ◽  
pp. 272-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Ghanaati ◽  
Mohd Farid Muhamad Said ◽  
Intan Zaurah Mat Darus ◽  
Amin Mahmoudzadeh Andwari
Keyword(s):  
Spark Ignition ◽  
Combustion Stability ◽  
Spark Ignition Engines ◽  
Gas Temperature ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Surface Ignition ◽  
Spark Plug ◽  
Engine Combustion ◽  
Si Engines ◽  
Exhaust Gas Temperature

The performance of Spark Ignition (SI) engines in terms of thermal efficiency can be restricted by knock. Although it is common for all SI engines to exhibit knock from compressed end-gas, knocks from surface ignition remains a more serious problem due to its effect on combustion stability and its obscurity to detect. This paper focuses on predicting the occurrence of knocks from surface ignition by monitoring exhaust gas temperature (EGT). EGT measured during an engine cycle without the spark plug firing. Therefore, EGT rises illustrated any combustion made by surface ignition. Modelling and simulation of a one-dimensional engine combustion done by using GT-Power. The new approach reduces the complexity as EGT monitoring does not require high computational demands, and the EGT signals are robust to noise. The method is validated against a variety of fuel properties and across engine conditions. A new approach is proposed as a measure to predict and detect the knock events.

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