scholarly journals Neurofeedback as an Intervention to Improve Reading Achievement in Students with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Inattentive Subtype

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffry La Marca ◽  
Rollanda O'Connor
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Reading Achievement ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Inattentive Subtype

scholarly journals MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α Levels in Relation to Sub types of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-548
Author(s):  
Rania A. Hamed ◽  
Heba A. Elmalt ◽  
Abeer A. A. Salama ◽  
Safaa M. Hammouda ◽  
Eman R. Youness ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Adhd Group ◽  
Parent Rating ◽  
Statistical Significant Difference ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inattentive Subtype ◽  
Α Level

Many authors have suggested the association between Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) and inflammation through various mechanisms among which increased serum cytokines.30 newly diagnosed ADHD children, aged 6-12and of both sexes were collected from outpatient clinic, Psychiatry Department, Al Zahraa University Hospital and a matched control group of 30 children. They were subjected to Clinical assessment, Whechsler Intelligence Scale for children (WISC), Conners' Parent Rating Scale-Revised & serum MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α levels were determined. There was statistical significant difference between patient and control groups regarding MMP-2 level (648.50 ± 81.94 vs 344.13 ± 32.02), MMP-9 level (143.00±16.98 vs 102.90 ± 4.13) & TNF-α level (345 ± 7.1.vs 202 ± 22.3). Hyperactive/impulsive subtype represented 16(53.3%), Inattentive subtype represented 6(20%), Combined subtype represented 8(26.7%) of the ADHD group. MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α levels were all higher among the Hyperactive/impulsive subtype, followed by thecombined subtype then the Inattentive subtype with high statistical significant difference. A high statistical significant difference was found in all subscales of Conners' scale among the 3 subtypes of ADHD. A positive correlation was found between TNF-α level and age, whereas, a negative correlation exists between MMP-2, MMP-9, TNF-α level and IQ. In addition, correlation was found between MMP-2, MMP-9 levels and cognitive problems, TNF-α level and inattention.Our study illustrates the co-occurrence of inflammatory process and ADHD, but further studies on larger sample are needed.

Delay Maturation in Occipital Lobe in Girls With Inattention Subtype of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 325-330
Author(s):  
Tung-Ming Chang ◽  
Rei-Cheng Yang ◽  
Ching-Tai Chiang ◽  
Chen-Sen Ouyang ◽  
Rong-Ching Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
Posterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Gyrus ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Inattentive Subtype ◽  
And Control

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neuropsychiatric disorder. Differences in the presentations of ADHD between boys and girls have been well established. Three subtypes of ADHD exist. In addition to sex difference, different mechanisms may underlie different subtypes. The present study enrolled 30 girls with the inattentive subtype of ADHD and 30 age-matched controls. Low-resolution electromagnetic tomography (LORETA) and instantaneous frequency were used to analyze electroencephalography (EEG) for investigating the brain area and EEG bands involved in girls with inattentive ADHD. We found that the instantaneous frequencies in all EEG channels in girls with ADHD were lower than those in controls. Alpha 2 was the only EEG band that showed significant difference in current density between the ADHD and control groups ( P = .0014). In the entire brain area, the posterior cingulate cortex, cingulate gyrus, and precuneus demonstrated the most significant difference between the ADHD and control groups. Our results suggest that brain maturation delay in the posterior areas might result in the inattention subtype of ADHD. In addition, posterior cingulate cortex, cingulate gyrus, and precuneus may play a critical role in the pathogenesis of ADHD. Our study provides a new approach method and possible mechanism of girls with inattentive subtype ADHD.

scholarly journals Association Between Allergic Diseases and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Symptoms in Children Aged 6–12 Years Using the Filipino Version of the Vanderbilt ADHD Parent Rating Scale

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 628-641
Author(s):  
Glaiza M Madulara ◽  
Agnes G Andaya
Keyword(s):  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Allergic Diseases ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Parent Rating ◽  
Parent Rating Scale ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Inattentive Subtype

BACKGROUND: Over the last decades, the hypothesis that an allergic response could lead to the development of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) was raised and clinical studies investigated the co-existence of both. These studies had shown that allergic diseases and neurobehavioral disorders were concurrent and could be associated with genetic factors, neuroimmunity and microbial dysbiosis. To date, this was the first study in the Philippines to evaluate the prevalence and association of allergic diseases, its severity and ADHD symptoms. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to determine the association of allergic diseases and ADHD symptoms among children aged 6–12 years based on parental report using the Filipino version of the Vanderbilt ADHD Parent Rating Scale. METHODS: School-aged children between 6 and 12 years with physician diagnosed allergies (bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, drug allergy, food allergy and/or acute or chronic urticaria) were randomly selected. Skin prick test (SPT) to aeroallergens was done. The parents completed the Filipino version of the Vanderbilt ADHD Diagnostic Parent Rating Scale (VADPRS), a screening tool for ADHD. RESULTS: Among the 415 patients, 135 (32.5%) of them screened positive for ADHD symptoms. Upon assessment of the Vanderbilt parent rating subscale responses, 13.49% of the children were categorized as predominantly inattentive subtype, 6.02% as predominantly hyperactive/impulsive subtype and 13.01% as combined inattention/hyperactivity. Three hundred and seventy six (91%) children were diagnosed with asthma. Among these asthmatics, 119 (32%) had ADHD symptoms with the following subtypes – predominantly inattentive subtype (13.56%), predominantly hyperactive/impulsive subtype (5.05%) and combined inattention/hyperactivity (13.03%). Combined inattention/hyperactivity subtype had a significant proportion of severe asthmatics, as compared to mild or moderate asthma (p value = 0.026). Furthermore, 389 (94%) children were diagnosed with allergic rhinitis. Among these patients, 130 (33%) had ADHD symptoms with the following subtypes – predominantly inattentive subtype (13.62%), predominantly hyperactive/impulsive subtype (6.43%) and combined inattention/hyperactivity (13.37%). However, evidence was not sufficient to demonstrate an association between ADHD subtypes and allergic rhinitis severity. Lastly, 206 (50%) children were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis. Among these patients, 71 (34%) had ADHD symptoms with the following subtypes – predominantly inattentive subtype (14.56%), predominantly hyperactive/impulsive subtype (4.85%) and combined inattention/hyperactivity (15.05%). However, there was insufficient evidence to demonstrate a link between ADHD subtypes and atopic dermatitis severity. CONCLUSION: Children with allergies, especially those with severe asthma, are more likely to have ADHD symptoms. Key words: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, allergic disease, allergic sensitization, asthma

scholarly journals Influence of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) on Academic Achievement of Learners in International Primary Schools in Mombasa (Kenya) and Kampala (Uganda): A Comparative Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (29) ◽  
pp. 199
Author(s):  
Judith Biirah ◽  
Alice Anika ◽  
Richard Simon Zigler
Keyword(s):  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
School Health ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Inattentive Subtype ◽  
Girls With Adhd

Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is one of the most prevalent disorders among school-going children. The aim of this study was to compare academic achievement of learners with and without ADHD in international primary schools of Mombasa (Kenya) and Kampala (Uganda). A comparative study was conducted among 377 respondents using Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Scale Questionnaire (SNAP-IV) which assessed the three ADHD subtypes in form of a closed-ended questionnaire. Results revealed that learners with ADHD had low overall academic achievement compared to those without ADHD in Mombasa (p <.001) and Kampala, (p <.001). Boys with ADHD in Mombasa had better grades than girls (M = 168.51, SD = 32.50 vs. M = 160.00, SD = 39.07) while girls with ADHD in Kampala had better grades than boys (M = 103.50, SD = 24.77 vs. M = 93.45, SD = 24.71). Learners with ADHD Inattentive subtype were greatly impaired compared to those with ADHD Hyperactive-Impulsive and Combined subtypes in both cities. ADHD significantly predicted academic achievement with higher variability in Kampala (55%) than Mombasa (10%). Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder has a negative impact on academic achievement of learners with the condition. The study recommended integration of ADHD screening in school health services to enable early detection and management of the condition.

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