scholarly journals Low serum cholesterol level as a risk factor for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a case-control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 296-306
Author(s):  
Jae Kwang Yang ◽  
Yu Jin Kim ◽  
Joo Jeong ◽  
Jungeun Kim ◽  
Jeong Ho Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Cholesterol Level ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Total Cholesterol Level ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Low Serum

Objective We aimed to identify the association between low serum total cholesterol levels and the risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA).Methods This case-control study was performed using datasets from the Cardiac Arrest Pursuit Trial with Unique Registration and Epidemiologic Surveillance (CAPTURES) project and the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES). Cases were defined as emergency medical service-treated adult patients who experienced OHCA with a presumed cardiac etiology from the CAPTURES project dataset. Four controls from the KNHANES dataset were matched to each case based on age, sex, and county. Multivariable conditional logistic regression analysis was conducted to evaluate the effect of total cholesterol levels on OHCA.Results A total of 607 matched case-control pairs were analyzed. We classified total cholesterol levels into six categories (<148, 148-166.9, 167-189.9, 190-215.9, 216.237.9, and ≥238 mg/dL) according to the distribution of total cholesterol levels in the KNHANES dataset. Subjects with a total cholesterol level of 167-189.9 mg/dL (25th.49th percentile of the KNHANES dataset) were used as the reference group. In both the adjusted models and sensitivity analysis, a total cholesterol level of <148 mg/dL was significantly associated with OHCA (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval], 6.53 [4.47.9.56]).Conclusion We identified an association between very-low total cholesterol levels and an increased risk of OHCA in a large, community-based population. Future prospective studies are needed to better understand how a low lipid profile is associated with OHCA.

scholarly journals Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a case–control study

EP Europace ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-105
Author(s):  
Mohammad Bakhriansyah ◽  
Patrick C Souverein ◽  
Olaf H Klungel ◽  
Anthonius de Boer ◽  
Marieke T Blom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Inflammatory Drugs ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Vascular and metabolic risk factor differences prior to dementia diagnosis: a multidatabase case–control study using European electronic health records

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. e038753
Author(s):  
Gayan Perera ◽  
P R Rijnbeek ◽  
Myriam Alexander ◽  
David Ansell ◽  
Paul Avillach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Total Cholesterol ◽  
Index Date ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Dementia Diagnosis ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Health Records ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Control Study

ObjectiveThe objective of the study is to compare body mass index (BMI), systolic/diastolic blood pressure (SBP/DBP) and serum total cholesterol levels between dementia cases and controls at multiple time intervals prior to dementia onset, and to test time interval as a modifying factor for these associations.DesignCase–control study.SettingSix European electronic health records databases.Participants291 780 cases at the date of first-recorded dementia diagnosis, compared with 29 170 549 controls randomly selected from the same databases, age matched and sex matched at this index date.ExposureThe following measures were extracted whenever recorded within each dataset: BMI (kg/m2), SBP and DBP (mm Hg) and serum total cholesterol (mmol/L). Levels for each of these variables were defined within six 2-year time intervals over the 12 years prior to the index date.Main outcomesCase–control differences in exposures of interest were modelled for each time period and adjusted for demographic and clinical factors (ischaemic/unspecified stroke, type 2 diabetes mellitus, acute myocardial infarction, hypertension diagnosis, antihypertensive medication, cholesterol-lowering medication). Coefficients and interactions with time period were meta-analysed across the six databases.ResultsMean BMI (coefficient −1.16 kg/m2; 95% CI –1.38 to 0.93) and SBP (−2.83 mm Hg; 95% CI –4.49 to –1.16) were lower in cases at diagnosis, and case–control differences were greater in more recent time periods, as indicated by significant case-x-time interaction and case-x-time-squared interaction terms. Time variations in coefficients for cholesterol levels were less consistent between databases and those for DBP were largely not significant.ConclusionRoutine clinical data show emerging divergence in levels of BMI and SBP prior to the diagnosis of dementia but less evidence for DBP or total cholesterol levels. These divergences should receive at least some consideration in routine dementia risk screening, although underlying mechanisms still require further investigation.

P4439Increased risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest in patients with psoriasis - a nationwide case-control study

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
G H Mohr ◽  
C A Barcella ◽  
K Kragholm ◽  
S Rajan ◽  
K B Sondergaard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischemic Heart Disease ◽  
Vascular Disease ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Conditional Logistic Regression ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Ischemic Heart ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Chronic inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis have been associated with cardiovascular diseases and linked to proarrhythmogenic electrocardiographic changes, including QT-prolongation. However, evidence regarding the risk of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest with a history of psoriasis is lacking. Purpose To investigate the association between psoriasis and out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Methods Through the nationwide Danish Cardiac Arrest Registry, we identified adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients of presumed cardiac cause with and without psoriasis between June 2001 and December 2014. The odds of cardiac arrest were estimated using conditional logistic regression in a case-control design where we matched up to nine controls per case on age, sex and ischemic heart disease. The models were adjusted for comorbidities, concomitant pharmacotherapy and socioeconomic position. Results A total of 32,447 out-of-hospital cardiac arrest cases were included and matched with 291,999 controls from the general population. The median age was 72 years, 67% were male and 29% had ischemic heart disease. A total of 607 (1.9%) cases and 4662 (1.6%) controls had psoriasis. Compared with cardiac arrest cases without psoriasis, cases with psoriasis had same age (p=0.718) and gender distribution (p=0.794), higher prevalence of comorbidities such as congestive heart failure (25.7% vs 20.2%, p=0.001), chronic kidney disease (8.9% vs 6.2%, p=0.008) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (19.0% vs 14.7%, p=0.005) but had same prevalence of cerebral vascular disease (15.8% vs 14.5%, p=0.351) and peripheral vascular disease (13.3% vs 11.1%, p=0.078). In unadjusted and adjusted analyses, psoriasis was significantly associated with increased odds of cardiac arrest (odds ratio (OR) 1.18 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.28] and OR 1.13 [95% CI 1.04–1.23], respectively) (Figure 1). Conclusion In this nationwide case-control study, psoriasis was significantly associated with increased odds of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. Focus on risk factors and prevention of cardiovascular disease in patients with psoriasis is warranted. Acknowledgement/Funding None

Predictors of in‐hospital cardiac arrest within 24 h after emergency department triage: A case–control study in urban Thailand

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 843-850
Author(s):  
Winchana Srivilaithon ◽  
Kumpol Amnuaypattanapon ◽  
Chitlada Limjindaporn ◽  
Intanon Imsuwan ◽  
Kiattichai Daorattanachai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Department ◽  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Emergency Department Triage ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Control Study

scholarly journals Age discrimination in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest care: a case-control study

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 505-512 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Wiel ◽  
Christophe Di Pompéo ◽  
Nicolas Segal ◽  
Gérald Luc ◽  
Jean-Baptiste Marc ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Vital Status ◽  
Lower Survival Rate ◽  
Hospital Cardiac Arrest ◽  
Control Study

Background: Although some studies have questioned whether cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in older people could be futile, age is not considered an essential out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) prognostic factor. However, in the daily clinical practice of mobile medical teams (MMTs), age seems to be an important factor affecting OHCA care. Aims: The purpose of this study was to compare OHCA care and outcomes between young patients (<65 years old) and older patients. Methods: We performed a case-control study based on data extracted from the French National Cardiac Arrest (CA) registry. All adult patients with CA recorded between July 2011 and May 2014 were included. Each older patient was matched on three criteria: sex, initial cardiac rhythm and no-flow duration. Results: We studied 4347 pairs. We found significantly less basic life support initiation, shorter advanced cardiac life support duration, less MMT automated chest compression, less MMT ventilation and less MMT epinephrine injection in the older patients. Significant differences were also observed for return of spontaneous circulation (odds ratio (OR)=0.84, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.77–0.92, p<0.001), transport to hospital (OR=0.58, 95% CI 0.51–0.61, p<0.001), vital status at hospital admission (OR=0.55, 95% CI 0.50–0.60, p<0.001) and vital status 30 days after CA (OR=0.42, 95% CI 0.35–0.50, p<0.001). Conclusion: All OHCA guidelines, ethical statements and clinical procedures do not propose age as a discrimination criterion in OHCA care. However, in our case-control study, we notice a shorter duration and less intensive care among older patients. This finding may partly explain the lower survival rate compared with younger people.

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