scholarly journals The biochemical indicators of a cow organizm at the prevention of microelementosis

2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (83) ◽  
pp. 183-188
Author(s):  
N.G. Grushanska
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Organic Phosphorus ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Mineral Substances

Correction of cattle feed, taking into account the physiological needs of their organism in the mineral substances of the corresponding biogeochemical zone or the province, where the farm is located, as well as the conditions that accompany the emergence of the deficit, promotes the obtaining of quality livestock products. An urgent task of the present is the search for eco-friendly, non-toxic and highly effective, preventive drugs of complex action, which positively affect the metabolism of mineral substances in the animal organism. The research was carried out on the farm of Kyiv region (central biogeochemical zone). We studied the biochemical parameters of blood and saliva using biochemical analyzer «Labline-010» with standard sets of reagents. The content of chemical elements in blood and saliva was investigated by the method of atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma using Optima 210 DV device. The paper presents the research on determining the biochemical status of an organism of lactating cows at the prevention of microelementosis using new experimental eco-friendly drug. The content of total protein, albumin, glucose, total calcium, non-organic phosphorus, cholesterol, total bilirubin, aluminium, chrome, copper, zinc, nickel and activity of ALT, AST, ALP, GGT in cow blood and saliva in the first and 28th day for the use of the drug oxyminkor. The diagnostic informativity of saliva content according to the content of mineral substances is determined. In cow blood at the use of the drug oxyminkor for 28th day of the experiment, the content of total protein was determined to be 17% higher, albumin was 19% higher, total calcium was 36 % higher and creatinine concentration was 25% lover, compared with the indicators of the control group. In the cow saliva at the use of the drug oxyminkor on the 28th day of the experiment, the content of zinc was 2.1 times higher, compared with the control animal group. The correlation coefficient for zinc content in cow blood and saliva was 0.80, which points the informativity of this indicator. We defined the positive influence of the prophylactic agent on the metabolism of proteins, minerals and functional state of the cow liver. The introduction of new methods of non-invasive diagnosis and the development of ecological, non-toxic agents for the prevention of mineral disbolism among cows is a promising area of research.

scholarly journals State of protein and mineral exchange in broiler-chickens for the use of Zinc and Mangane chelates

2019 ◽  
pp. 85-94
Author(s):  
V. Sakara ◽  
A. Melnyk ◽  
F. Markhenkov
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Calcium Content ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Experimental Group

The results of the application of a complex of Zinc and Manganese chelates to protein, macro- and micro-mineral exchanges in the body of broiler chickens of the Cobb 500 cross-breed are presented. The administration of Zn and Mn chelates in a dose of 0,2 ml/l for chicken broilers of 23 days of age (1st experimental group) during 14 days influenced the increase in the total protein content to 35,3±0,8 g/l, which is 8 % higher compared with the control – 32,5±0,7 g/l (p<0,01 ) The concentration of total Calcium in serum of broiler chickens 37-day-old (end of trial) was higher in the first experimental group by 7,3 % (2,05±0,06 mmol/l) compared to control – 1,9±0,03 mmol/l. In the second group, where chelates were administered in a dose of 0,4 ml/l of water, the Calcium content was 2,0±0,02 mmol/l, which is 5 % more than the control group. The two-week application of Zn and Mn chelates also led to an increase in the level of inorganic Phosphorus in the serum of the first group to 2,6±0,12 mmol/l (+ 11,5 %) compared with the control group. After administration of chelates Zn and Mn at doses of 0,2 ml/l water, the Zinc content was higher by 4,3% (23,5±0,2 μmol/l) compared to control – 22,5±0,34 μmol/l (p<0,01). In the second group, where the dose of chelates was 0,4 ml/l, the concentration of Zinc was 23,6±0,16 μmol/l, which is more than 4,6 % for control (p<0,01). At the end of the study, the content of Manganese in serum of broiler chickens in the first group was 1,9±0,07 μmol/l (p<0,05), which is 10,4% higher compared with the control – 1,7±0,06 μmol/l (3rd sampling). The level of this element in the second group was 2,0±0,08 μmol/l (p<0,01), which is higher by 16,7 % relative to the control. At the end of the experiment, the coupon concentration in the first and second experimental groups was 12,6 and 9,3 % higher, compared with control, 7,0±0,37 μmol/l. In turn, the serum Ferrum content of the first group was greater by 9,3 % (19,3±0,69 μmol/l), and the second by 6,7 % (18,8±0,47 μmol/l) compared to the bird of the control group. Key words: chicken broilers, chelates, Zinc, Manganese, Cuprom, Ferrum, metabolism.

scholarly journals Біохімічні показники крові свиноматок за профілактики порушень обміну мінеральних речовин

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (82) ◽  
pp. 71-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.G. Grushanska ◽  
V.М. Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Calcium Concentration ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Pig Production ◽  
Experimental Group

Of all domestic animals, pigs suffer the most from deficiency of minerals. This is due to the specificity of pig production, feeding technology, retention and anatomical – physiological characteristics of pigs. In order to obtain the best qualities of pig production, it is necessary to make correction the ration for swines of various technological groups using mineral feed additives that take into consideration not only the physiological needs for minerals of the corresponding age groups and classes of swines but also the biogeochemical zone or the province where the farm is located. Also, conditions that accompany the emergence of a mineral deficit are taken into account. The development of new, eco-friendly, non-toxic means of preventing disorders of metabolism of minerals in pigs is a promising direction of veterinary medicine.The research was carried out ont the farm of the Kyiv region (northeastern biogeochemical zone). Biochemical parameters of blood were studied using biochemical analyzer «Labline-010» with standard sets of reagents. The content of chemical elements in water was investigated by the method of atomic emission spectrometry on the Optima 210 DV device.The paper presents the authors’ own research on determining the biochemical status of an organism of lactating sows in the northeastern biogeochemical zone of Ukraine at the prevention of microelementosis using new experimental eco-friendly means.The content of total protein, albumin, glucose, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, cholesterol, bilirubin, activity of ALT, AST, AF in the blood serum of sows of the northern-eastern biogeochemical zone of Ukraine before and after the application of experimental drugs was investigated. The positive influence of prophylactic agents on the parameters of metabolism of proteins and calcium was defined.In the blood serum of the sows of the first experimental group, 28 days later, the total protein content on 5.3% lower and the total calcium concentration on 16.5% higher than the control group  of animals were found.In the blood serum of sows in the second experimental group,  28 days later, the total protein content on 8.3%  lower and the total calcium concentration on 19.9% higher than the control group of animals were found.

STATUS OF A LIVER DETOXING SYSTEM WHEN USING "STARTIN-PHYTO"

1970 ◽  
pp. 60-63
Author(s):  
Е. K. Rakhmatullin ◽  
O. D. Sklyarov ◽  
F. G. Gizatullina ◽  
S. G. Kurin
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Intestinal Lumen ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Monooxygenase System ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Microbial Association ◽  
Laboratory Rodents

Enterotoximia in dyspepsia is caused by the microorganisms toxins of microbial association and biogenic amines formed in the intestinal lumen, as a result of a violation of not only cavity, but also parietal digestion. Liver damage when exposed to various toxicants is associated with the metabolism and activity of cytochrome P450, an indicator of the monooxygenase system. In recent decades, the attention of scientists has been receiving the problem of medicinal liver damage. "Startin-phyto" is a combined preparation aimed to removing endogenous intoxication in the treatment of dyspepsia in farm animal young stock. The effect of the drug on monooxygenase and antitoxic liver functions was studied using D.G. Rosin method (1964). It is based on the ability of various chemicals to affect amounts sleep of laboratory rodents (mice, rats) caused by hexenal, which is known to be inactivated in the liver. Five groups of two-month-old female rats were assembled. The animals of the experimental groups (15 animals) have been injected with "Startin-phyto" orally one time at a dose of 6.3 ml / kg. Distilled water for the control group (6 animals) has been used. The general condition of animals was characterized by the biochemical parameters of the blood: the amount of total protein, urea, glucose, total bilirubin, creatinine and the activity of the enzymes aspartate and alanine aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase. Total protein was analyzed by biuret reaction; glucose – by the unified glucose oxidase method for orthotolidine oxidation; the creatinine concentration in the blood serum of calves – in according to the Jaffe color reaction unified method; urea – by the urease method. The carried out complex experimental studies have shown that the drug "Startin-phyto", when administered once to rats, enhances detoxification processes in the liver, is safe and does not have a toxic effect on the liver.

scholarly journals The evaluation of 25(OH)D concentration in blood serum of chronic heart failure patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Tomasz Lewandowski ◽  
Andrzej Baginski ◽  
Arleta Malecha-Jedraszek ◽  
Jerzy Mosiewicz ◽  
Helena Donica
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Chronic Heart Failure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Phosphate Homeostasis ◽  
Creatinine Concentration ◽  
Inorganic Phosphates

Abstract This current study examined patients with severe chronic heart failure (CHF) in order to ascertain the held vitamin D, based on an assessment of calcidiol [25(OH)D] concentration. It also identified and evaluated possible correlations between 25(OH)D level and the concentration of total calcium, inorganic phosphates and creatinine concentration in their serum. Herein, venous blood samples were taken from 36 patients with CHF. Diagnosis was confirmed by echocardiographic, as well as by electrocardiographic examinations. In this work, the control group consisted of 41 randomly selected healthy individuals. The results of our study showed that CHF patients had significantly lower concentration of 25(OH)D, as well as total calcium and inorganic phosphates. Moreover, mean creatinine concentration was higher, in comparison to the control group, but did not exhibit statistical significance. As calcium-phosphate homeostasis is regulated by numerous factors, including PTH, neurohormonal factors and calcitriol (1,25(OH)2D), it is possible that vitamin D deficiency may play a significant role in the pathomechanism of CHF, and a lowered 25(OH)D level may be related to progression of the disease.

scholarly journals The influence of Zinc and Manganese chelates (pantothenates) on some chicken broiler metabolism indicators

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (96) ◽  
pp. 134-140
Author(s):  
V. S. Sakara ◽  
A. Yu. Melnyk
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Zinc Content ◽  
Manganese Concentration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
University Training ◽  
Experimental Group

The article presents the results of the use of the vitamin-amino acid chelates (pantothenates) of Zinc and Manganese in order to study their effect on some indicators of avian metabolism. The studies were started on 14-day Cobb 500 broiler chickens in the poultry farm of the Bila Tserkva National Agrarian University Training and Production Center. For this purpose, 3 groups poultry were formed: two experimental ones (Zinc and Manganese chelates were fed to the main diet with water) and a control group (50 heads each). During the experiment (14, 21, 28 days), weighed chickens followed by blood sampling for biochemical study. In the group where the chelates were drunk at a dose of 0.2 ml/l of water over the next 14 days, there was a tendency to increase the absolute weight gain in broiler chickens to 943.0 ± 25.94 g (770–1073), compared with the control – 883.2 ± 24.64 g (740–1140). The bird, which was given chelates at a dose of 0,1 ml/l of water for 14 days, increased the content of total protein in the serum by 10.3% compared to the beginning of the study, and was 30.9 ± 0.71 g/l (P < 0.001). In the second group (chelate dose of 0.2 ml/l water), this indicator increased by 11.2% and amounted to 30.2 ± 0.82 g/l (P < 0.01). At the end of the experiment (28 days of cultivation), the albumin content in the blood of the birds of the first and second experimental groups was 18.6 ± 0.36 and 18.7 ± 0.37 g/l (P < 0.001 before the first selection). Manganese concentration in broiler chickens of the second experimental group on the 28th day was 3.6 ± 0.28 μmol/l and was higher than the control (2.7 ± 0.25 μmol/l; P < 0.01). At doses of 0,1 ml/l of water (1st experimental group), there was a tendency to increase the amount of this trace element in serum to 3.2 ± 0.16 μmol/l (1.4–4,0). After 14 days of chelating, Zinc content in the serum of chickens of the first experimental group increased by 20% and amounted to 27.9 ± 0.60 μmol/l, in its second – concentration increased by 25.8% (28.3 ± 0.76 μmol/l; P < 0.001) compared to the start of the experiment. Therefore, the use of the vitamin-amino acid chelates of Zinc and Manganese for 14 days at a dose of 0,1 and 0.2 ml/l of water contributed to the increase in weight gain, increase of total protein, Manganese and Zinc in the serum of broiler chickens.

scholarly journals Етіологія та клініко-біохімічні показники крові за аліментарної остеодистрофії корів

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (73) ◽  
pp. 79-83
Author(s):  
L. Slivinska ◽  
S. Demydjuk ◽  
А. Shcherbatyy ◽  
V. Fedorovich ◽  
I. Tyndyk
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Study ◽  
Body Temperature ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Total Protein Content ◽  
Total Calcium ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Excess Calcium ◽  
Caudal Vertebrae ◽  
Mucous Membranes

Established etiological factors of nutritional osteodystrophy cows LLC Danylo Galician Yavoriv district, Lviv region. A clinical study on nutritional osteodystrophy cows. A decrease in productivity, alotriophagy, strained course, lameness, thickening and tenderness of the joints, softening of the caudal vertebrae, in severe cases – the formation of animals have been established. The fatness of most animals was below average, hypotension and atony of the predniegens were observed, body temperature was within the norm. In 50% of cows pallor of the mucous membranes was noted, in 10 cows – tachypnea (47.0 ± 0.45) and tachycardia (110.0 ± 3.65). In 10% of the cows, the thorax was pulled up, and the vertebral trunk – curved upwards. In 5 cows, fluctuations of the teeth were noted. Analyzing the diet of feeding cows, a shortage of phosphorus (10–15 g), cobalt (4–5 mg), zinc (27–110 mg), iodine (5–6 mg), sugar (120–180 g), copper (24–26 mg), carotene content (20–30 mg), excess calcium (14–28 g), iron (1400–2200 mg), manganese (210–360 mg). In the blood of experimental cows, the level of hemoglobin was reduced (by 10.6%), the number of erythrocytes (18.8%) in comparison with the animals in the control group. Leukoformula in cows was characterized by a decrease in the number of basophils (9%), eosinophils (47.6%), stabnoid (82.3%) and segmented (4%) neutrophils, monocytes (13.3%) and an increase in lymphocyte count (11% ). In the blood serum of the experienced, a decrease in the total protein content (7.2%), total calcium (26.3%), carotene (22.8%) and cobalt (58.8%) was established.

scholarly journals Prevention of mineral metabolism of disorders in lactating rabbits

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (97) ◽  
pp. 147-156
Author(s):  
Y. V. Korniichuk ◽  
N. H. Grushanska ◽  
V. M. Kostenko
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Mineral Metabolism ◽  
Atomic Emission ◽  
Inorganic Phosphorus ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Rabbit Blood

Considerable damage to rabbit breeding is caused by the loss of production by eating or trampling newborn rabbits by their mothers. The main reason is the weakening of the organism due to deficiency of nutrients (high quality protein) and of biologically active substances in the diet. It is relevant today to search for non-toxic and highly effective complex preventive drugs, which have a positive effect on the mineral metabolism in animal organism. The research was carried out on the farm of Kyiv region. We studied the morphological parameters of blood by standard methods and the biochemical parameters of blood using semi-automatic biochemical analyzer with standard reagent kits. The content of chemical elements in blood plasma was investigated by the method of atomic emission spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma using Optima 2100 DV device. The paper presents  the research on determining the biochemical status of an organism of lactating rabbits at the prevention of microelementosis using a  new experimental eco-friendly drug. The content of total protein, albumin, glucose, total calcium, inorganic phosphorus, total bilirubin, urea, creatinine, TBA-active products, iron, manganese, copper, zinc, cobalt and activity of ALT, AST, ALP, GGT and Catalase in rabbits blood in the first,15th and 30th day for the use of the biologically active additive “Huminorm plus” is determined. In rabbit blood at the use of the “Huminorm plus” with water for watering for 15th days of the experiment, the content of hemoglobin was 1,2 times higher, phosphorus inorganic was 2.2 times higher, urea was 1.3 times higher, manganese was 3.6 times higher, cobalt was 2.6 times higher, cooper was 1.2 times higher and zinc was 1.6 times higher, compared to the first day of the experiment. In rabbit blood at the use of the “Huminorm plus” with feed for 30th days of the experiment, the number of red blood cells was determined to be 7 % higher, content of hemoglobin was 1.4 times higher, total protein was 1.2 times higher, urea was 1.3 times higher, calcium was 1.4 times higher, manganese was 3.1 times higher, zinc was twice higher, iron was 2.5 times higher, cobalt was 2.5 times higher, cooper was 1.7 times higher and alkaline phosphatase activity was 1.7 times lower, compared with the first day of experience. We defined the positive influence of the prophylactic drug on the indicators of hematopoiesis, metabolism of proteins and minerals in lactating rabbits. The development of ecofriendly, non-toxic substances for the prevention of mineral disbolism among rabbits is a promising area of research.

scholarly journals Effects of Bacillus cereus and coumarin on growth performance, blood biochemical parameters, and meat quality in broilers

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 2484-2492
Author(s):  
Galimzhan Duskaev ◽  
Shamil Rakhmatullin ◽  
Olga Kvan
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Growth Rates ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Emission Spectrometry ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Inductively Coupled

Background and Aim: Progressive antibiotic resistance has become the primary threat to public health. The search for alternative substances with similar effects is now a global challenge for poultry farming. The aim of this study was to investigate the action of the probiotic Bacillus cereus (BC) and coumarin (CO) on broiler productivity, biochemical indicators of blood, and muscular and liver tissues. Materials and Methods: The trial of this study included Arbor Acres cross broiler chickens that were grown up to the age of 42 days. The experiment was conducted on 200 broiler chickens divided into four experimental groups of 50 individuals each: The control group received ration without additives (main ration [MR]), the first experimental group received MR+BC, the second received MR+CO, and the third received –MR+BC+CO. A biochemical and hematological analyzer was used to estimate elemental concentrations using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Results: Inclusion of CO and CO+BC in the diet improved growth rates and reduced feed consumption (FC) per kg of live weight gain. Decreased white blood cell count, increased creatinine and triglycerides (CO), changes in aminotransferase and transpeptidase activity, and increases in chemical elements in the liver and pectoral muscles (BC+CO) were observed. The inclusion of BC+CO in the diet contributed to increases in a greater number of chemical elements in the liver (calcium [Ca], K, magnesium, Mn, Si, and Zn) and the pectoral muscles (Ca, Na, Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, and Zn). Conclusion: The inclusion of CO and CO+BC in the diet improves growth rates and reduces FC in broilers against a background of the absence of mortality during the experiment.

Effect of opioid peptides on liver function after patial hepatectomy

2018 ◽  
pp. 67-71
Author(s):  
А.В. Солин ◽  
А.Ю. Ляшев ◽  
Ю.Д. Ляшев
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Dehydrogenase ◽  
Liver Failure ◽  
Partial Hepatectomy ◽  
Opioid Receptors ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Pronounced Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Peptide Molecule ◽  
Selective Agonists

Цель исследования - сравнительный анализ влияния селективных агонистов отдельных классов опиоидных рецепторов на белковосинтетическую функцию печени, развитие цитолитического и холестатического синдромов у крыс, подвергшихся частичной гепатэктомии. Методика. Работа выполнена на 152 крысах-самцах Вистар массой 200-250 г. Частичную гепатэктомию выполняли по методу, описанному Higgins G.M. и Anderson R.M. с удалением 70% ткани печени. В плазме крови определяли концентрации общего белка, альбуминов, общего билирубина, активность аланинтрансаминазы (АЛТ), аспартаттрансаминазы (АСТ), лактатдегидрогеназы (ЛДГ) традиционными методами. Опиоиды: DAGO в дозе 6,3 мкг/кг, DSLET в дозе 10,0 мкг/кг, динорфин А (1-13) в дозе 20,1 мкг/кг, вводили внутрибрюшинно ежедневно 1 раз в сутки в течение 5 сут. эксперимента в объеме 0,2 мл. Контрольным животным аналогично вводили физраствор. Результаты. Удаление 70% ткани печени у крыс-самцов Вистар сопровождается развитием печеночной недостаточности, проявляющейся гипербилирубинемией, гипоальбуминемией, гипопротеинемией, повышением активности трансаминаз и лактатдегидрогеназы. Применение селективных агонистов опиоидных рецепторов у крыс, которым моделировали частичную гепатэктомию, оказывало гепатопротективное действие и снижало выраженность проявлений печеночной недостаточности, начиная с 3-х сут. после резекции. Активность трансаминаз, лактатдегидрогеназы и концентрация общего билирубина у животных, которым вводили опиоиды, были существенно ниже, чем в контрольной группе. Содержание общего белка и альбуминов было статистически значимо выше в группах, которые получали исследованные пептиды, по сравнению с контрольной группой на 7-е сут. после частичной гепатэктомии. Наиболее выраженное действие проявлял селективный агонист опиоидных мю-рецепторов DAGO. По нашему мнению, такое влияние пептидов объясняется присущими им антиоксидантным и антигипоксическим эффектами, что снижает повреждающее действие оперативного вмешательства на печень. Более выраженное влияние DAGO связано, по-видимому, с особенностями распределения опиоидных рецепторов или устойчивостью пептида к действию эндопептидаз благодаря модификациям в молекуле пептида. Заключение. Применение опиоидов стимулирует восстановление функциональной активности печени после частичной гепатэктомии. Наибольший эффект отмечается при введении мю-агониста DAGO. Aim. The aim of the study was to compare effects of selective agonists of opioid receptors from different classes on the protein-synthesizing function of liver and development of cytolytic and cholestatic syndromes in rats after partial hepatectomy. Methods. The study was conducted on 152 Wistar male rats weighing 200-250 g. The animals were subjected to partial hepatectomy according to the Higgins and Anderson method. Concentrations of total protein, albumin, total bilirubin, and activities of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and lactate dehydrogenase were measured in plasma using standard methods. The opioids, DAGO (6.3 mg/kg), DSLET (10.0 mg/kg), and dynorphin A (1-13) (20.1 mg/kg), were injected in 0.2 ml of saline daily for 5 days. Control animals were injected with 0.2 ml of saline for 5 days. Results. Resection of 70% of liver tissue resulted in development of liver failure as evidenced by hyperbilirubinemia, hypoalbuminemia, hypoproteinemia, and increased transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase activities. Selective agonists of opioid receptors administered to the rats after partial hepatectomy exerted a hepatoprotective effect and alleviated the signs of liver failure beginning from the 3 day after resection. Transaminase and lactate dehydrogenase activities were significantly lower in opioid-treated rats than in the control group. Levels of total protein and albumins were significantly higher in the groups injected with the study peptides compared to the control group on the 7 day after partial hepatectomy. The selective agonist of opioid m-receptors, DAGO, exerted the most pronounced effect. Apparently, the similar effects of peptides were due to their antioxidant and anti-hypoxic action, which alleviated the detrimental effect of liver surgery. The more pronounced effect of DAGO apparently resulted from peculiarities of opioid receptors distribution or peptide resistance to endopeptidase action due to modifications of the peptide molecule. Conclusion. Administration of opioids stimulated restoration of liver functional activity after partial hepatectomy. Injections of the m-agonist, DAGO, produced the most pronounced effect.

Alteration in the oxidative status of Drosophila melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) fed with a diet containing Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-237
Author(s):  
Eda Güneş
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Total Protein ◽  
Protein Carbonyl ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Carbonyl Content ◽  
Protein Carbonyl Content ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Dried Extract

Abstract The aim of the this study was to evaluate the effects of fresh, dried and freeze-dried Centaurea depressa M. Bieb. (Asteraceae) on the oxidant and antioxidant status of the model organism D. melanogaster Meigen (Diptera: Drosophilidae) experimentally. The study was carried out from 2016 to 2019, and plant leaf extracts (0-50 mg/l) were added to insect standard artificial diets. The total protein, protein carbonyl content and glutathione-S-transferase, superoxide dismutase and catalase activities were quantified at the insect’s third larval stage. Our data showed that protein carbonyl content varied from 2.70 nmol/mg protein in the control group to 59.11 nmol/mg protein in the group fed with fresh leaf extract signifying induction of oxidative stress. All extracts increased the levels of all antioxidant enzymes and decreased the amounts of total protein. Meanwhile, the group fed with the freeze-dried extract showed no significant difference in the levels of total protein and protein carbonyl content except at the 50 mg/l concentration of the extract. Moreover, this group had superoxide dismutase and catalase activities 4 to 5 times higher than in the control group. In conclusion, induction of oxidative stress indicates that the fresh form of C. depressa leaves may have potential as a natural pesticide, whereas induction of endogenous antioxidant enzymes by the freeze-dried extract suggest its potential as an antioxidant.

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