scholarly journals ЛАБОРАТОРНА ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКА РІДКОГО ЕНЗИМНОГО МИЙНОГО ЗАСОБУ «ЕНЗИМИЙ» ДЛЯ САНОБРОБКИ У МОЛОЧНІЙ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(71)) ◽  
pp. 195-200
Author(s):  
O.Y. Shynkaruk
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Liquid Detergent ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Detergent Enzyme ◽  
Dairy Equipment

We have developed a liquid enzyme detergent «Enzymyi» for sanitization of CIP–installations on milk plants that includes potassium hydroxide, complexones, proteolytic enzyme, stabilizers, and distilled water.The previous laboratory studies showed that the peak activity of «Enzymyi» on milk proteins was observed at as high as 65.8% at 60°C. Its activity decrease with the rise of temperature above 60 °C due to denaturation of enzymes since the heat causes changes in the primary structure and conformation of enzyme. It is also established that at pH solutions of 8.35 units proteolytic activity increased 1.7 times (P ≤ 0.01) compared to 7.2 pH units and reached its maximum activity 65.8 – 64%. Further increase of pH solutions from 8.35 units to 8.6 units contributed to gradual inhibition of enzymes resulting in reduction of proteolytic activity to 0. Proteolytic activity of the studied sample of enzyme detergent at water hardness of 0.357 mg–eq/l also reached the maximum of 60.5% and at increasing water hardness from 0.714 to 1.071 mg– eq/l PA decreased by 25.4% (P ≤ 0,05), i.e. with increasing water hardness PA reduced respectively. The article presents the study results as regards foam generating ability, foam stability and surface tension of solutions. The liquid detergent enzyme «Enzymyi» in concentrations of 0.03; 0.05; 0.07; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7; 1% at the temperatures 20 °C and 60 °C was used for study. The article presents the study results as regards foam generating ability, foam stability and surface tension of solutions. The liquid detergent enzyme «Enzymyi» in concentrations of 0.03; 0.05; 0.07; 0.1; 0.3; 0.5; 0.7; 1% at the temperatures 20 °C and 60 °C was used for study.The results showed that «Enzymyi» practically doesn’t develop foam generating ability at the concentration from 0.03 to 1%. Foam stability does not exceed the standard, thus no more than 50% of the solution in 5 minutes that allows using the available composition for circulation washing of dairy equipment without its dismounting. 

DIP quality influenced by process water quality

TAPPI Journal ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 51-60
Author(s):  
DENNIS VOSS ◽  
HANS-JOACHIM PUTZ ◽  
SAMUEL SCHABEL
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Process Water ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Water Parameters ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Contamination Levels

The need for deinking mills to reduce their fresh water consumption has resulted in higher loads of various contaminants in the process water. Lower recovered paper quality also leads to higher contamination levels in the mills. This higher load has an influence on achievable target brightness. The objective of the work was to determine and explain the main reasons for relatively poor deinked pulp quality or poor deinking potential based on the influence of recovered paper composition and process water quality. The process water parameters significantly affect the deinking potential of recovered paper. The test results showed the negative effects of increased water hardness. For standard recovered paper mixtures, flotation selectivity is higher with increasing flotation pH-value. Good results were realized for standard recovered paper with low hardness, low surface tension, and high pH-value. The results for recovered paper containing flexo newsprint could be slightly improved with low hardness, low surface tension, and low pH-value. The results of the test program using design of experiments showed interacting effects of pH-value and surface tension on luminosity and flotation selectivity.

Concentration Dependence of the Surface Tension of Three and Four-Component Systems with Peculiarities in the Surface Tension Isotherms of Lateral Binary Melts

2021 ◽  
Vol 1022 ◽  
pp. 194-202
Author(s):  
R.Kh. Dadashev ◽  
R.A. Kutuev
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Concentration Dependence ◽  
Experimental Error ◽  
Binary Systems ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Component Systems ◽  
Minimum Depth ◽  
Surface Tension Isotherms

The experimental study results of the melts concentration dependence of the surface tension of the four-component indium-tin-lead-bismuth system and its constituent binary systems of indium-tin, indium-lead, indium-bismuth, tin-lead, tin-bismuth, lead-bismuth are presented in the paper. It is shown that the concentration dependence of the melts surface tension of the In-Sn-Pb-Bi four-component system can be predicted from the data on ST (surface tension) values of lateral binary systems. Features in the ST isotherms in the form of a minimum are observed only in the indium-tin lateral system from all lateral binaries. A distinctive feature of the detected minimum is that the minimum depth slightly exceeds the experimental error. Therefore, in addition to the fact that the area of average compositions was studied more thoroughly, we carried out the surface tension measurements by two independent methods. The experimental data obtained by both methods coincide within the experimental error and indicate the extremum availability on ST isotherms. Thus, ST experimental studies by two independent methods confirmed the presence of a flat minimum on ST isotherms of the indium-tin binary system increasing the reliability of the obtained data. The obtained outcomes and their comparison with experimental data have shown that the considered models for predicting surface properties based on data due to similar properties of lateral binary systems adequately reflect the experimental dependences. However, the prediction model based on Kohler's method of excess values describes the experimental curves more accurately.

Effect of water hardness on surface tension and dilational visco-elasticity of sodium dodecyl sulphate solutions

2012 ◽  
Vol 377 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.B. Fainerman ◽  
S.V. Lylyk ◽  
E.V. Aksenenko ◽  
N.M. Kovalchuk ◽  
V.I. Kovalchuk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Water Hardness ◽  
Effect Of Water

Extracellular Heat-Resistant Proteases of Psychrotrophic Pseudomonads

1983 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-94 ◽  
Author(s):  
THAKOR R. PATEL ◽  
FRANCIS M. BARTLETT ◽  
JAWED HAMID
Keyword(s):  
Protease Activity ◽  
Milk Powder ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Raw Milk ◽  
Enzyme Synthesis ◽  
Maximum Activity ◽  
Protease Production ◽  
Divalent Metal Ions ◽  
Extracellular Proteases ◽  
Heat Resistant

Several bacterial isolates from raw milk produced proteases. Most of such 28 isolates were gram-negative rods which were oxidase- and catalase-positive. All the isolates grew at temperatures in the range of 0–35°C, but failed to grow at 37°C. Nineteen of these isolates were tentatively assigned to genus Pseudomonas, and were used in the present investigation. Extracellular proteases from these psychrotrophic pseudomonads were heat-resistant, being able to retain partial activity even after heat-treatment at 120°C for 10 min. Milk proteins were preferred substrates by these proteases although some also hydrolysed bovine serum albumin, hemoglobin and ovalbumin. The optimum pH for the maximum activity was between pH 7.2 and 7.4. Divalent metal ions like Cu2+, Co2+, Hg2+, and Zn2+ were inhibitory to protease activity while Ca2+, Mg2+, and Mn2+ had little or no inhibitory effect on the proteases. Induced levels of protease production were observed when cultures were grown in minimal media containing either casein or nonfat dried milk powder. Glucose, citrate and lactose repressed enzyme synthesis in a minmal salts medium containing either casein or nonfat dried milk powder. Protease activity was also detected in cultures grown in minimal medium containing glutamine. Proteases from different isolates varied in their molecular weights.

scholarly journals Effect of surfactant redistribution on the flow and stability of foam films

2020 ◽  
Vol 476 (2234) ◽  
pp. 20190637
Author(s):  
Denny Vitasari ◽  
Simon Cox ◽  
Paul Grassia ◽  
Ruben Rosario
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Channel Wall ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Intermediate Regime ◽  
Foam Films ◽  
Foam Film ◽  
Tension Increase ◽  
Constricted Channel ◽  
Film Tension ◽  
Foam Rheology

The viscous froth model for two-dimensional (2D) dissipative foam rheology is combined with Marangoni-driven surfactant redistribution on a foam film. The model is used to study the flow of a 2D foam system consisting of one bubble partially filling a constricted channel and a single spanning film connecting it to the opposite channel wall. Gradients of surface tension arising from film deformation induce tangential flow that redistributes surfactant along the film. This redistribution, and the consequent changes in film tension, inhibit the structure from undergoing a foam-destroying topological change in which the spanning film leaves the bubble behind; foam stability is thereby increased. The system’s behaviour is categorized by a Gibbs–Marangoni parameter, representing the ratio between the rate of motion in tangential and normal directions. Larger values of the Gibbs–Marangoni parameter induce greater variation in surface tension, increase the rate of surfactant redistribution and reduce the likelihood of topological changes. An intermediate regime is, however, identified in which the Gibbs–Marangoni parameter is large enough to create a significant gradient of surface tension but is not great enough to smooth out the flow-induced redistribution of surfactant entirely, resulting in non-monotonic variation in the bubble height, and hence in foam stability.

scholarly journals Proteolytic activity of Enterococcus faecalis VB63F for reduction of allergenicity of bovine milk proteins

2016 ◽  
Vol 99 (7) ◽  
pp. 5144-5154 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Biscola ◽  
F.L. Tulini ◽  
Y. Choiset ◽  
H. Rabesona ◽  
I. Ivanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enterococcus Faecalis ◽  
Proteolytic Activity ◽  
Bovine Milk ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Bovine Milk Proteins

scholarly journals Properties of sodium phosphate-hydroxy ethanolamide gemini surfactant synthesized from the seed oil of Luffa cylindrical

2013 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1368-1380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adewale Adewuyi ◽  
Andrea Göpfert ◽  
Thomas Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Reaction Mechanism ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate ◽  
Sodium Phosphate ◽  
Gemini Surfactant ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Luffa Cylindrica ◽  
Wetting Power

AbstractThe production of surfactant from biological and renewable sources is important as this reduces environmental hazards since the products are highly biodegradable. Oil extracted from the seed of Luffa cylindrica using hexane in a soxhlet extractor was used in the synthesis of sodium phosphate-hydroxy ethanolamide via a simple reaction mechanism. The progress of the reaction was monitored and confirmed by FTIR, 1HNMR and 13CNMR. The process used gave a yield of 88.46% of sodium phosphate-hydroxy ethanolamide. The properties of this compound were compared with those of sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS) used as a known reference surfactant. Important properties of sodium phosphate-hydroxy ethanolamide such as foam stability, wetting power and surface tension turned out superior to those of the known reference surfactant (SDS).

Measurement of Surface Tension of Homogenised Milks

2005 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloshree Mukherjee ◽  
Bipan Bansal ◽  
Xiao Dong Chen
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Capillary Rise ◽  
Milk Proteins ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Plate Method ◽  
Capillary Rise Method ◽  
Inverse Effect ◽  
Wilhelmy Plate ◽  
Surface Active ◽  
Wilhelmy Plate Method

Surface tension of different homogenized milk and cream, available in New Zealand, has been measured using the ‘Capillary Rise’ method as well as the automated ‘Wilhelmy Plate’ method. The measured values are slightly higher than the values reported in the literature. Increasing the fat content is found to have an inverse effect on the surface tension. This effect diminishes progressively for fat concentrations beyond 30%. Milk proteins, reported in the literature as surface-active components, are observed to have no effect on the surface tension.

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN SABUN TRANSPARAN BERBASIS MINYAK KELAPA DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK BUAH MENGKUDU (Morinda citrifolia) SEBAGAI BAHAN ANTIOKSIDAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Lilis Sukeksi ◽  
Meirany Sianturi ◽  
Lionardo Setiawan
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Free Fatty Acid ◽  
Foam Stability ◽  
Fatty Acid Content ◽  
Free Alkali ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Alkali Concentration ◽  
Stirring Time

The purpose of this study is to examine the effect of alkali concentration and the amount of added morinda citrifolia toward the formed of soap product. This study begins with maserating the noni fruit with ethanol. Then the making of transparent solid soap was made in the saponification process with a fixed variable oil volume of 70 ml, reaction temperature of 80 ° C and stirring time of 60 minutes. Whereas for the independent variables alkaline solution concentrations were 26%, 28%, 30%, 32%, the amount of noni extract 0 g, 10 g, 20 g, 30 g. The responses observed were water content, acidity (pH), saponification number, free alkali, free fatty acid, foam stability, surface tension and antioxidant activity. The best results were obtained at 26% alkaline concentration and 30 g of noni extract with a moisture content of 24,10%, 0% free alkali content, pH 9,0, free fatty acid content 0,480%, saponification 200 mg / g, surface tension 29,70 dyne / cm, foam stability 81% and antioxidant activity of 153,85 0µg / µL.

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