scholarly journals СТАН ГУМОРАЛЬНОЇ ЛАНКИ ІМУННОГО СТАТУСУ У БУГАЙЦІВ НА ВІДГОДІВЛІ ЗА ВПЛИВУ ВІТАМІНІВ ГРУПИ B (B1, B2, B5, B6, B10, B12)

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (3(70)) ◽  
pp. 115-119
Author(s):  
M.M. Zmiya ◽  
P.I. Golovach

In realization of the genetic productivity potential of different species of farm animals, an important place is given to full feeding. Insufficient supply of farm animals with individual vitamins has negative impact on the activity of the relevant enzyme systems, hormonal status, metabolism of nutrients, the state of the natural resistance of the various organs and organ systems, the processes of adaptation and productivity level.Numerical searches have shown that farm animals need in different vitamins depends on the type, age, sex, physiological state, the season, the level of productivity and others. According to some reports ruminants have been providing with water–soluble B vitamins by their rumen microbial synthesis accordingly it was recommended to rations setting for cattle, sheep and goats, along with nutrients and minerals only by carotene and vitamins D and E .Studies have shown that the addition to the diet of calves for fattening complex of B vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12) in different doses generally positive effect on bactericidal, lisocim and complement activity of blood serum, immunoglobulin cell in bull fattening.Studies have shown that the addition to the diet of bull fattening balanced in nutrients and minerals and fat–soluble vitamins A, D, E complex of B vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12) in appropriate doses generally positive effect on humoral immunity state, major changes are complement activity of blood serum, depends on the dose additionally entered the diet fattening bulls B vitamins.The biggest change on humoral immunity state of calves for fattening derived from animals 3rd D (B1 – 0.040; B2 – 0.06; B5 – 1.2; B6 – 0.25, B10 – 0.0030; B12 – 0.0006 mg/kg body weight) and 4th D (B1 – 0.070; B2 – 0.10; B5 – 2.0; B6 – 0.40; B10 – 0.0050; B12 – 0.0010 mg/kg body weight) groups, and the smallest – in calves 1th D (В1 –0.015; В2 – 0,03;  В5 – 0.5; В6 – 0.10; В10 – 0.0012; В12 – 0.0002 mg/kg body weight) group. 

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (99) ◽  
pp. 53-57
Author(s):  
P. I. Golovach ◽  
M. M. Zmiya ◽  
S. O. Pokotylo

In realization of the genetic productivity potential of different species of farm animals, an important place is given to full feeding. Insufficient supply of farm animals with individual vitamins has negative impact on the activity of the relevant enzyme systems, hormonal status, metabolism of nutrients, the state of the natural resistance of the various organs and organ systems, the processes of adaptation and productivity level. Numerical searches have shown that farm animals need in different vitamins depends on the type, age, sex, physiological state, the season, the level of productivity and others. According to some reports ruminants have been providing with water-soluble B vitamins  by their rumen microbial synthesis accordingly it was recommended to rations setting for cattle, sheep and goats, along with nutrients and minerals only by carotene and vitamins D and E. Specific features of the effect of different doses of complex B vitamins (thiamine hydrochloride, riboflavin, niacin, pyridoxine hydrochloride, folic acid, ciankobalamin in venous blood) on morphological composition (erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, erythrocyte sedimentation rate) and clinical indicators (heart rate, respiratory rate, type temperature) at the final stage bull fattening. Studies have shown that the addition to the diet of calves for fattening balanced nutrients and minerals and fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E complex of B vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12) in appropriate doses generally positive effect on erythrocytes, leukocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, dose-dependent additionally introduced into the diet of B vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12). The basis for our dosage of various B vitamins for Bovine experimental groups on fattening is the corresponding percentage of the recommended doses of certain B vitamins for fattening pigs (10 % – D1, 20 % – D2, 40 % – D3, 60 % – D4 group). The biggest change in terms on morphological composition in animals 3rd ((В1 – 0,040; В2 – 0,06; В5 – 1.2; В6 – 0.25; В10 – 0.0030; В12 – 0.0006 mg/kg body weight) and 4th (В1 – 0.070; В2 – 0.10; В5 – 2.0; В6 – 0.40; В10 – 0.0050; В12 – 0.0010 mg/kg body weight) research groups, and smallest – in bull 1st (В1 – 0.015; В2 – 0.03; В5 – 0.5; В6 – 0.10; В10 – 0.0012; В12 – 0.0002 mg/kg body weight) and 2 th (В1 – 0.025;  В2 – 0.04; В5 – 0.8; В6 – 0.15; В10 – 0.0020; В12 – 0.0004 mg/kg body weight) research group, which is associated with dose introduced to the diet of calves during the final fattening phase of B vitamins (В1, В2, В5, В6, В10, В12).


Author(s):  
A.A. Reznichenko ◽  
◽  
V.I. Dorozhkin ◽  

We studied the effect of prebiotic hemiv on natural resistance and meat quality of broiler chickens. As a result of the conducted studies, it was found that after using the drug at a dose of 0,6 g/kg of body weight, there was an increase in the phagocytic activity of pseudoeosinophils and the bactericidal activity of blood serum by 34,3 and 22,4%, respectively, compared with the control. After the use of hemiv at a dose of 0,9 g/kg, there was also a statistically confirmed increase in the bactericidal activity of blood serum and phagocytic activity of pseudoeosinophils by 20,6 and 29,1%. At studying the effect of the drug on the quality of meat, it was found that it belongs to the mature and benign and can be eaten without restrictions.


Author(s):  
E. P. Anokhina ◽  
M. M. Isuva ◽  
S. V. Startseva ◽  
E. A. Motina ◽  
N. A. Mihailova ◽  
...  

Aim. Investigation of the effect of fucose in the diet on the gastrointestinal microflora of experimental animals with experimental dysbiosis, the humoral factors of nonspecific immunity, as well as the degree of fucosylation of oocytes and the proportion of oocytes that can be fertilized. Materials and methods. Prebiotic properties of fucose were studied by analyzing the luminal microflora of experimental mice against the background of experimental dysbiosis. Investigation of factors of nonspecific immunity was carried out after immunization of mice according to the level of antibody formation in blood serum by the method of enzyme immunoassay. The degree of fucosylation of oocytes was assessed by the intensity of their luminescence upon microscopy of oocytes of experimental mice on a fluorescent microscope. Results. The use of fucose in all tested doses led to the restoration of the composition and quantity of the gastrointestinal microflora. For the correction of dysbiosis, the optimal concentration of fucose was 0.02% of the body weight of the experimental animals. Inclusion of fucose in a diet of experimental animals in the amount of 0.008% to the body weight provided the highest level of immune response. The degree of fucosylation of oocytes, the proportion of oocytes capable of fertilization was increased when fucose were introduced in the amount of 0.008% to the body weight of the mice. Conclusion. Bifidogenic and lactogenic activity of fucose is established. The ability of fucose to stimulate an increase in the level of antibodies in in blood serum is shown. The tendency of positive effect of fucose in the diet of mice on the degree of fucosylation of oocytes was revealed.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (6) ◽  
pp. 14-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Полина Ростроса ◽  
Polina Rostrosa ◽  
Александр Санин ◽  
Aleksandr Sanin ◽  
Александр Наровлянский ◽  
...  

Aleutian mink disease (AMD) caused by parvovirus is a real curse of the industrial mink breeding worldwide. Most minks infected with the AMD virus die, so the symptomatic treatment is aimed to extend the life of diseased minks until the fur maturation. This review contains an analysis of data obtained from the use of Gamavit (GM) and Phosprenyl (PP), which are widely used in practical veterinary medicine, including in fur animals, and have therapeutic efficacy for treating other parvovirus infections of carnivores. Both drugs were administered to minks by mixing with feed at the rate of 0.1 ml per kg of body weight for GM and 0.05 ml per kg of body weight for PP. In efficiency studies of the drugs on healthy animals, it was shown that they had a positive effect on the resistance of animals to adverse impacts (infections, feeding disorders, weaning). GM was most effective for increasing the fertility and number of kits per female, as well as for reducing the alimentary anemia, while PP was effective for increasing the survival rate of kits and contributed to their growth. Both drugs stimulated phagocytosis, increased SBA and SLA. The combined use of PP and GM increased the survival rate of young animals by 7.3% and the number of kits per female by 0.45 animals, as well as increased the number of defect-free skins by 7%. In addition, it eliminated anemia and increased the level of hemoglobin and erythrocytes in minks affected with AMD, although they did not reach the lower limit of the norm. Moreover, the use of PP and GM increased the number of kits per female by 0.7 animals vs. control, while the mortality rate of young animals reduced by 9.8%. Thus, the combined use of GM and PP in minks can increase the main natural resistance indicators (SBA, SLA levels, phagocytosis indicators, the absorption ability of peripheral blood granulocytes, the activity of natural killer cells) and significantly reduce anemia. Furthermore, the combined use of the drugs can increase the survival rate of young animals, the number of kits per female, reduce the live weight decrease in kits and increase the number of defect-free skins.


2021 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
pp. 00156
Author(s):  
Aleksei Reznichenko ◽  
Liudmila Reznichenko ◽  
Vasilij Dorozhkin ◽  
Sergej Noskov ◽  
Svetlana Vodianitskaia

The uncontrolled use of antibacterial drugs resulted in a wide spread of forms of microorganisms resistant to them. The resistance of most bacteria to one degree or another is observed in relation to almost all existing antibiotics, which led to a significant decrease in the effectiveness of their use not only in veterinary medicine but also in medicine. Therefore, an important task which veterinary service faces is the use of alternative antibacterial drugs. Thus, the development and use of prebiotics in the food of poultry for complete or partial replacement of antibiotics is considered as a new direction of modern scientific research. The authors were the first who studied the effect of the heteropolysaccharides “raspol” and “vetelac” on the organism of broiler chickens. A high pharmacological effect of both drugs was established with a clear advantage of raspol, the use of which, against the background of the absence of antibiotics, had a positive effect on the growth and viability of poultry and caused an increase in the natural resistance of organisms. Thus, prebiotic raspol can be used as an alternative to antibacterial agents in broiler poultry farming. This drug is recommended for the give to broiler chickens with water at the rate of 0.6 g / kg of body weight starting from 7 days of age for 10 days.


Apidologie ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina Retschnig ◽  
Johannes Rich ◽  
Karl Crailsheim ◽  
Judith Pfister ◽  
Vincent Perreten ◽  
...  

AbstractIn eusocial honey bees, Apis mellifera, diet, gut microbiota and nestmates can all contribute to the health of freshly emerged individual workers, but their relative importance for longevity and body weight is currently unknown. Here, we show that diet is most relevant, followed by gut microbiota and the presence of nestmates. Freshly emerged workers were randomly assigned to eight treatments (with or without honey/pollen, protein-substitute lactalbumin, antibiotic tetracycline and nestmates for 24 h) and maintained under standardised laboratory conditions. Longevity and food consumption were measured daily and fresh body weight was assessed at day 7. The data show a significantly better survival and a higher body weight in workers supplied with honey/pollen. Survival was higher in the lactalbumin treatments compared to the ones restricted to sucrose only, but lower compared to those with honey/pollen, highlighting the importance of micronutrients. In contrast, antibiotic treatment had a significant negative effect on longevity and body weight, which may be explained by inactivated gut microbiota and/or toxicity of the antibiotics. There was no positive effect of nestmates, probably due to the short exposure period. In contrast, nestmates showed a negative effect on survival in antibiotic-treated workers, possibly by transmitting pathogens and antibiotic-induced gut dysbiosis. In conclusion, a macro- and micronutrient-rich diet appears to be the key to individual honey bee worker health. Providing an optimal diet and possibly gut microbiota appears to be a promising way to promote managed A. mellifera health.


Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Mengqi Li ◽  
Si Zhao ◽  
Shuang Wu ◽  
Xiufen Yang ◽  
Hui Feng

Background: Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the overall health of older people. Inadequate intake may lead to impaired body function, higher morbidity, and mortality. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) showed positive effect on the nutritional status of the elderly; however, systematic evidence is currently lacking on the effect of ONS on the elderly with anorexia. Aims: The current systematic review and meta-analysis included randomized controlled trial (RCT) articles to investigate the effectiveness of ONS on the main aspects of anorexia of aging (AA). Methods: By using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method, researchers independently searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and other gray literature resources for publications that met the inclusion criteria by October 2020. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools were used for quality assessment. The inverse-variance method was used for the fixed model (FM) while the DerSimonian–Laird method was used for the random model (RM). Respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for indices in terms of effect size (ES). Results: 2497 records were found through the systematic search, while 17 RCTs (n = 1204) were included, with a mean age of 81.9 years (range: 74–87 years). Supplementation occurred in the morning, mid-day, and evening, while the times varied from one to three times a day. The results of meta-analysis showed that, generally, ONS had a positive effect on the overall appetite, MD = 0.18, 95% CI (0.03, 0.33), p = 0.02, and consumption, MD = 1.43, 95% CI (0.01, 2.86), p = 0.05; but not significant in terms of other aspects of appetite: hunger, p = 0.73; fullness, p = 0.60; desire to eat, p = 0.80; preoccupation, p = 0.15. Additionally, it showed an increase in the overall energy intake, SMD = 0.46, 95% CI (0.29, 0.63), p < 0.001, in protein intake, SMD = 0.59, 95% CI (0.16, 1.02), p = 0.007, and in fat intake, MD = 3.47, 95% CI (1.98, 4.97), p < 0.001, while no positive effect was found on carbohydrates intake, p = 0.06. Significance differences were also found in the body weight, SMD = 0.53, 95% CI (0.41, 0.65), p < 0.001, and body mass index (BMI), MD = 0.53, 95% CI (0.12, 0.95), p = 0.01. Moreover, subgroup analyses were conducted according to the nutrient density with no positive results showed except for the low-density ONS on overall energy intake. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that ONS had beneficial effects on overall appetite, energy intake, body weight and BMI.


Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 2116
Author(s):  
Andrei V. Tarasov ◽  
Rofail S. Rakhmanov ◽  
Elena S. Bogomolova ◽  
Ludmila A. Perminova ◽  
Zhanna L. Malakhova

The Kaliningrad region is known for its specific climate, which can negatively affect the adaptive potential of the body. This manifests in an increased incidence of respiratory diseases and skin conditions. To prevent high morbidity, a plant protein product was included in the diet of first-year university students. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of this food intervention in preventing the most common diseases among Kaliningrad students. Two groups of university students took part in the food trial. In the control group, catabolic processes prevailed in nutrient metabolism. Disadaptation manifested itself in the metabolism of proteins, vitamins, minerals, hematopoiesis and humoral immunity. Inflammation was indicated by α1- and α2-globulins, a weak immune response, and IgM and IgG. High oxidative stress and low antioxidative ability of blood serum were observed. The plant-based protein product (FP) helped preserve testosterone level and prevent an increase in catabolic reactions. Moreover, it had a positive effect on both red blood cell hematopoiesis (a smaller increase in the average volume of erythrocytes, the same average concentration and content of hemoglobin, an increased relative red cell distribution width (RDW) and white blood cell hematopoiesis (a beneficial effect for the immune system: lymphocytes, the relative content of neutrophils, monocytes, basophils and eosinophils). The stimulation of humoral immunity was evidenced by beta- and gamma-globulins, an active immune response, the level of IgM and IgG, antioxidant protection, reduction of peroxides and an increase in antioxidant activity of blood serum. The 34-week observation showed a 1.7-fold decrease in the incidence of respiratory illnesses and a 5.7-fold decrease in skin and subcutaneous tissue diseases. Acute respiratory infections were reduced 1.8-fold. There were no cases of community-acquired pneumonia in the treatment group, compared with 55.1‰ in the control group. The incidence of respiratory diseases was 3.3–10.6 times lower in the treatment group than in the control group in weeks 6–19. The findings testify to the prophylactic effect of functional food during social adaptation and acclimatization of students.


2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 68-74
Author(s):  
A. A. Savina ◽  
◽  
A. A. Volnin ◽  
N. V. Bogolyubova ◽  
O. A. Voronina ◽  
...  

The effects of chitosan on various metabolic and digestive processes in the animal body are an important to study because of the production quality for animal nutrition, healthcare, etc. The major known changes in the biochemical parameters of the animal liquids (by chitosan usage as feed additive) are the following: ratio of volatile and fatty acids, content of fat, mineral composition, etc. The aim of this study was to evaluate the total amount of water-soluble antioxidants (TAWSA) of feed additives based on chitosan and high protein concentrate of microbiological synthesis and to assess the effect of these feed additives on TAWSA values of sheep blood serum by amperometric method. Firstly, the antioxidant activity of feed components based on chitosan or/and a high-protein microbiological synthesis concentrate was studied in this work. Second, the experiments are carried out on 6 fistula animals to confirm the results of laboratory studies. Third, the determination of the total antioxidant activity of sheep blood by using chitosan additives (as the feed components) by amperometric method was carried out. A particular difference in antioxidant activity of the control and experimental samples of the sheep blood was established for the first time.


Hypertension ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankit Gilani ◽  
Varunkumar Pandey ◽  
Joseph Zullo ◽  
Priyanka Mishra ◽  
John R Falck ◽  
...  

20-HETE (20-Hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid), is a cytochrome P450 (CYP) 4A-derived arachidonic acid metabolite. 20-HETE has been linked to both pro-hypertensive (via increased vasoconstriction, vascular remodeling and vascular injury of renal microvessels) and anti-hypertensive (inhibiting ion transport in the distal nephron) functions. In this study we examined the effect of 20-SOLA (2,5,8,11,14,17-hexaoxanonadecan-19-yl-20-hydroxyeicosa-6(Z),15(Z)-dienoate), a water soluble antagonist of the actions of 20-HETE on renal hemodynamics and sodium (Na) excretion in Cyp4a14 knockout (CYP4a14-/-) male mice. The CYP4a14-/- male mice display hypertension accompanied by increased vascular 20-HETE levels. Administration of 20-SOLA (10mg/kg/day in drinking water) normalized blood pressure (BP) in male Cyp4a14-/- mice at day 10 of treatment (124±1 vs. 153±2 mmHg in untreated male Cyp4a14-/- mice; p<0.05). The normalization of blood pressure was accompanied by transient increase in the urinary sodium excretion in the Cyp4a14-/- male mice (8.3±0.7 vs. 5.8±0.5 μmol/g body weight/day; p<0.05). Importantly, 20-SOLA increased glomerular filtration rate (GFR) of Cyp4a14-/- mice (2.38±0.05 vs. 1.88±0.18 μL/min/mg kidney weight, p<0.05) as opposed to no changes observed in the wild type (WT: (2.26±0.18 vs. 2.33±0.20μL/min/mg kidney weight). Evaluation of the renal blood flow (RBF) by laser Doppler flowmetry showed that treatment with 20-SOLA increased the RBF in Cyp4a14-/- mice by 12.3±4%, which remained unaltered in the WT. Additionally, the pressure-induced myogenic tone of isolated preglomerular microvessels was significantly elevated in Cyp4a14-/- mice; 20-SOLA treatment prevented the increase in myogenic responses. The natriuretic response to an isotonic saline loading challenge (10% of body weight, IP) was significantly attenuated in the Cyp4a14-/- mice as compared to the WT (35.5±2.8 vs. 57.4±8.3 percentage of Na load, p<0.05); this was corrected by 20-SOLA (61.7±5.7 percentage of Na load, p<0.05). These results confirm that 20-SOLA normalizes blood pressure of Cyp4a14-/- male mice and demonstrates that this is associated with increases in GFR, RBF and natriuresis.


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