scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL AND ECONOMIC CHALLENGES OF CLIMATE CHANGE FOR EASTERN EUROPEAN FORESTS IN MID-LATITUDE ZONE

2017 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 97-100
Author(s):  
P. І. Lakyda ◽  
А. І. Karpuk ◽  
R. D. Vasylyshyn ◽  
І. P. Lakyda
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Latitude Zone ◽  
European Forests

scholarly journals Wood Ants: Important Components of the Forest "Immunity System"

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gema Trigos-Peral ◽  
Orsolya Juhász ◽  
Péter János Kiss ◽  
Gábor Módra ◽  
Anna Tenyér ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Pest Control ◽  
Bark Beetles ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Biological Pest Control ◽  
European Forests ◽  
Biotic And Abiotic Factors ◽  
Red Wood Ants ◽  
Wood Ants ◽  
Wood Boring

Abstract Climate change is one of the major threats to biodiversity, but its impact varies among the species. Bark beetles (Ips spp.), as well as other wood-boring pests of European forests, show escalating numbers in response to the changes driven by climate change and seriously affect the survival of the forests through the massive killing of trees. Many methods were developed to control these wood-boring beetles, however, their implementation can be detrimental for other forest specialists. Ants are widely used for biological pest-control, so in our study, we aimed to test the effect of F. polyctena on the control of the wood-boring beetles. The results show that the proportion of infested trees is significantly reduced by the increase of the number of F. polyctena nests, with a strong effect on Ips species. We also show that the boring beetle community is shaped by different biotic and abiotic factors, including the presence of F. polyctena nests. However, the boring beetle infestation was not related to the latitude, altitude and age of the forests. Based on our results, we assert the effectiveness of the red wood ants as biological pest control and the importance of their conservation to keep the health of the forests.

scholarly journals Available and missing data to model impact of climate change on European forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 416 ◽  
pp. 108870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paloma Ruiz-Benito ◽  
Giorgio Vacchiano ◽  
Emily R. Lines ◽  
Christopher P.O. Reyer ◽  
Sophia Ratcliffe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Missing Data ◽  
European Forests ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change

Effects of Ottoman Rice Plantations in South-eastern European Landscape: Climate Change, Hydrology and Disease

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Özlem Sert
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Climate History ◽  
Temperature Changes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Early Modern Times ◽  
Large Scale Land ◽  
Rice Plantations

<p>Humid weather conditions of the sixteenth century enabled the introduction of aqua crops to Southeastern European landscapes. The Ottoman government employed a group of experts for the cultivation of rice to implement and rehabilitate rice production. Rice plantations, as an anthropogenic intrusion in the region between Tigris to the Danube, had a fundamental social and environmental impact. Organization of human resources on a large scale; land reclamations, deforestation, and kilometres-long irrigation work changed the landscape, produced seasonal miasma and aquatic pests. Ottoman rice plantations transformed the Southeastern European socio-ecological landscapes in early modern times. Historical data about the Ottoman rice plantations open new insights for improving our knowledge about climate history, the history of riverbeds and the history of malaria in this landscape. The study presents a monography of the plantations with historical drawings and maps, showing the farms on river beds, delineates the responsiveness of the rice harvest to precipitation and temperature changes and maps the triggered aquatic pests due to climate change and deforestation. The presentation aims at opening a historical perspective to today's questions on climate change, hydrology and vector caused diseases.</p>

scholarly journals The PROFOUND Database for evaluating vegetation models and simulating climate impacts on European forests

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 1295-1320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher P. O. Reyer ◽  
Ramiro Silveyra Gonzalez ◽  
Klara Dolos ◽  
Florian Hartig ◽  
Ylva Hauf ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Nitrogen Deposition ◽  
Forest Stand ◽  
Climate Impacts ◽  
Ecosystem Dynamics ◽  
Future Climate Change ◽  
Climate Change Scenarios ◽  
European Forests ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vegetation Models

Abstract. Process-based vegetation models are widely used to predict local and global ecosystem dynamics and climate change impacts. Due to their complexity, they require careful parameterization and evaluation to ensure that projections are accurate and reliable. The PROFOUND Database (PROFOUND DB) provides a wide range of empirical data on European forests to calibrate and evaluate vegetation models that simulate climate impacts at the forest stand scale. A particular advantage of this database is its wide coverage of multiple data sources at different hierarchical and temporal scales, together with environmental driving data as well as the latest climate scenarios. Specifically, the PROFOUND DB provides general site descriptions, soil, climate, CO2, nitrogen deposition, tree and forest stand level, and remote sensing data for nine contrasting forest stands distributed across Europe. Moreover, for a subset of five sites, time series of carbon fluxes, atmospheric heat conduction and soil water are also available. The climate and nitrogen deposition data contain several datasets for the historic period and a wide range of future climate change scenarios following the Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0, RCP8.5). We also provide pre-industrial climate simulations that allow for model runs aimed at disentangling the contribution of climate change to observed forest productivity changes. The PROFOUND DB is available freely as a “SQLite” relational database or “ASCII” flat file version (at https://doi.org/10.5880/PIK.2020.006/; Reyer et al., 2020). The data policies of the individual contributing datasets are provided in the metadata of each data file. The PROFOUND DB can also be accessed via the ProfoundData R package (https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ProfoundData; Silveyra Gonzalez et al., 2020), which provides basic functions to explore, plot and extract the data for model set-up, calibration and evaluation.

Science rejection in Greece: Spirituality predicts vaccine scepticism and low faith in science in a Greek sample

2021 ◽  
pp. 096366252110615
Author(s):  
Bastiaan T. Rutjens ◽  
Natalia Zarzeczna ◽  
Romy van der Lee
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Construct Validity ◽  
European Country ◽  
Science Literacy ◽  
Eastern European Country ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Important Contributor ◽  
South Eastern ◽  
Political Conservatism

Recent research has identified spirituality as an important contributor to vaccine scepticism and low faith in science, particularly in WEIRD (Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic) nations. In the present study, we further tested the generalizability of these findings in a religious South-Eastern European country – Greece, with more extensive measures of key constructs. We replicate previous work using measures of improved construct validity. Spirituality was found to be the strongest predictor of vaccine scepticism and low faith in science. In addition, low science literacy was also predictive of vaccine rejection. Climate change scepticism was not associated with spirituality but with political conservatism, which corroborates previous findings. These results provide further evidence for two previously made observations: science scepticism is heterogeneous, and spirituality is an important factor in shaping science rejection.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document