scholarly journals Ecological and coenotic characteristic of Cyclachaena xanthiifolia (Nutt.) Fresen. in the flora of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 255-258
Author(s):  
O. N. Kurdyukova
Keyword(s):  
The Black Sea ◽  
Human Control ◽  
Adventitious Species ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Temperature Requirements ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Western Ukraine ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Bog Soils

The flora of Ukraine includes Cyclachaena xanthiifolia adventitious species, which is dangerous for humans and animals. It got out of human control and spread widely throughout the whole territory, but its environmental features have not been studied enough. We found that Cyclachaena xanthiifolia is the eurytopic species in Ukraine, that is, it has wide ecological amplitude. It grows well and develops in wide weather and climatic divides: from semi-ombrophytic climate (1000 mm, Pre-Carpathian, Transcarpathia) to arid one (less than 350 mm, Prysyvashshia) in terms of climate humidity; from hemioceanic climate (Western Ukraine and the Black Sea coast) to subcontinental one (Dry-steppe and South-steppe zones) in terms of climate continentality. Its habitats are confined to flat, lowered, but well-drained and low areas. We did not find it at the altitudes of more than 500 m. This is heliophyte, a short-day plant. According to temperature requirements, it occupies an intermediate position between submesothermal and macrothermal plants that grow well when the amount of heat in April-October is from 1780 to 2620 kcal/cm2 and the sum of effective temperatures is from 2850 to 3750ºC. When it comes to demand on soil moisture, it is predominantly mesophytic plant; with regard to soil solution reaction, it is neutrophilic or subacidophilic plant; with respect to soil fertility, it is eutrophic humifilous eunitrophilic plant on ruderal habitats, and oligotrophic agumyl or sub-agumyl heminitrophilic plant on technogenic ones. The highest frequency of occurrence, abundance and the best morphological plants’ parameters were found on black earth, chestnut, and meadow soils, and the worst plants’ parameters were found on sod-podzol, brown forest, sand, saline and bog soils. In relation to landscapes cultivation, this plant is euhemerobe or polyhemerobe. It grows in the Ambrosio artemisiifolia-Chenopodietum albi, Ambrosio artemisiifolia-Cirsietum setosi, Amaranto retroflexi-Setarietum glaucae, Amaranthetum blitoidi-Echinochloetum grusgalli, Poligono-Chenopodietea communities and others in segetal biotopes. It grows in the Ivaetum xanthiifoliae, Atriplicetum tataricae, Chenopodietum glauco-rubri, Chenopodio-Аtriplicetum hastatae, Ambrosio artemisiifoliae-Xanthietum strumariae communities and others in ruderal biotopes.

scholarly journals Evaluation of vegetative phenological stages in a spruce monoculture depending on parameters of the environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (6) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emilie Bednářová ◽  
Lucie Merklová
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Phenological Stages ◽  
Air Temperatures ◽  
Temperature Requirements ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Soil Temperatures ◽  
Long Term Monitoring ◽  
Effective Temperatures ◽  
Term Monitoring

Vegetative phenological stages were evaluated in a spruce monoculture of the third age class in the region of the Drahanská vrchovina Upland. Methods of the ČHMÚ (Czech Hydro-Meteorological Office) were used. Temperature requirements of Norway spruce for the onset of particular phenological stages were evaluated on the basis of sums of air effective temperatures higher than 5 oC and at soil temperatures, values exceeding 1 oC were taken into account. In the paper, years 2005 to 2007 were evaluated. Results obtained were compared with long-term monitoring for the period 1991–2004. The onset and duration of phenological stages differed in particular years depending on the course of weather. Evaluation of the 17-year period shows that onsets of phenological stages in particular years differed markedly. An interval for the “onset of budbreak stage” was 13 days, at the “stage of 50% foliation” 14 days, the “stage of 100% foliation” 17 days. At the stage “full foliation”, the interval amounts to 33 days in the period 1991 to 2007. The start of budbreak and foliation is affected by air and soil temperatures, which was also proved by statistical evaluations. High dependence between the onset of budbreak and air temperatures is confirmed by statistically significant correlation coefficients R2 = 0.854 (2005–2007) and R2 = 0.754 (1991–2004). Dependence of the onset of budbreak and foliation on the soil temperature is proved by a correlation coefficient R2 = 0.658 (2005 to 2007) and R2 = 0.687 in the period 1991 to 2004. Results show that in recent years, the earlier onset of spring phenological stages occurs at the higher sum of effective temperatures. The length of their duration shortens.

Monitoring the development of the oak lace bug (Corythucha arcuata Say) based on the use of atmospheric heat content

2021 ◽  
pp. 138-157
Author(s):  
Ekaterina N. Besedina ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Ya. Ismailov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Heat Content ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Climatic Zone ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Krasnodar Krai ◽  
Lace Bug ◽  
Sum Of Effective Temperatures ◽  
Effective Temperatures

In recent years, a negative situation has developed as a result of mass invasions of adventive pests on the lands of the forest fund, among which the oak lace bug Corythucha arcuata Say (Heteroptera: Tingidae) requires special attention. The pest poses a great danger to the survival and productivity of oak forests and forest plantations in the South of Russia. The existing methods of pest monitoring do not always reflect the real constants of the phenology of target objects, which leads to errors in determining the optimal timing of protective measures and a decrease in their effectiveness. Hence, research in the development of precision methods for phytosanitary monitoring of harmful species is an important problem of plant protection, especially biological. The study of the phenology and dynamics of the oak lace bug will allow optimizing protective measures, taking into account the most vulnerable phases of phytophage development and the timing of treatments. The aim of this study was to develop precision methods for monitoring the dynamics of the number and age structure of the oak lace bug population based on the use of the heat content of the atmosphere. The studies were carried out in the central (Krasnodar), northeastern (Tikhoretsk) and western (Krymsk) zones of Krasnodar Krai belonging to the temperate climatic zone, as well as the Black Sea zone (Sochi), located in the subtropical climatic zone. The choice of localities for the research was carried out taking into account the territories of invasive distribution of the oak lace bug and the differences in climatic conditions from moderate continental to subtropical. The calculation of the heat content (enthalpy) of air was carried out using a modified Ramzin nomogram (See Fig. 1). Phenological observations and counting of the number of C. arcuata bugs were carried out on model trees of English oak (Quercus robur L.) (See Fig. 2). The reference date was chosen empirically based on the use of heat content indicators that are different in terms of reference periods and corresponding to these periods (See Table 1). As a result of the studies carried out during 2018-2020, the actual dates of the onset of the phenophases of the oak lace bug and the corresponding enthalpy of air (the heat content) were determined (See Table 2). We calculated the amount of heat required for the emergence of the oak lace bug after winter diapause (140-145 kcal/kg air) and passing through the preimaginal stages of development from egg-laying (158-167 kcal/ kg), hatching of larvae (180-194 kcal/kg) before fledging of adults of a new generation (136-145 kcal/kg). The sum of effective temperatures (SET) was calculated according to the generally accepted method (Chernova, Bylova, 2004; Zamotajlov et al., 2009) (See Table 3). We have shown that the enthalpy of air is the most preferable indicator for assessing thermal characteristics for determining the timing of the appearance of overwintered individuals, the passage of phenophases of insects and the number of their generations in comparison with the sum of effective temperatures (See Table 2 and 3). We found that the number of generations of oak lace bug in the central, western and northeastern zones (temperate climatic zone) of Krasnodar Krai, which is directly dependent on the heat content of the air, was three, and in the Black Sea zone (subtropical climatic zone) there were four generations per seasonal cycle. To improve the reliability of predicting the timing of phenological phases of the oak lace bug, a method for monitoring phenophases of the pest based on calculating the heat content of the air has been developed, which can be used for practical purposes to optimize protective measures associated with the use of insecticides, growth and development regulators of insects, entomopathogens and entomophages in agricultural and forest cenoses. Thus, distribution, development rate, number dynamics and harmfulness of the species to the greatest extent depend on the ecological resource of the inhabited territory, determined by the enthalpy of the air. On the basis of enthalpy, the rate of passage of phenophases and the number of generations of the pest, which determine its invasive development in large areas, are reliably calculated.

MORPHOLOGY AND DYNAMICS OF THE LIMANIC BARRIERS ALONG THE BLACK SEA COAST UNDER ACTIVE ANTROPOGENOUS IMPACT

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Г. Выхованец ◽  
G. Vyhovanec
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Sea Sand ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Sea Coast

Typical coastal elements of limans and lagoons are barriers, that separate limanic aquatories from a Seas. On limanic shores structure of the Black Sea sand barriers represented three longitudinal landscape “zones”: sea beach (“frontal”), dune-aeolian and limanic (“back of the barrier”). They closely interactive between themselves under influence of lithodynamical exchanges of sediment. General tendency of the barriers dynamics is displacement to Land direction.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLIFF PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE TUAPKHAT MASSIF

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Krylenko ◽  
Sergey Krylenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Paper Structure ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
Main Factor

Preservation of biological diversity is necessary for sustainable development and rational use of coastal resources. In this paper structure of the cliff plant communities of the massif Tuapkhat (the Black Sea coast, Russia) are characterized. Flora of this coastal zone combines features of Mediterranean and middle European Russia types. Herbaceous and shrub life-forms and xeromorphous and petrophilous plant associations dominate at the studied area. The main factor determining the species composition of the examined communities is substrate character.

A new cave-dwelling species of the genus Cimmerites Jeannel, 1928 (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechini) from the West Caucasus

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-53
Author(s):  
I.A. Belousov ◽  
A.G. Koval
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Intermediate Position ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
The West ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
A New Species ◽  
Sea Coast

A new species of the genus Cimmerites Jeannel, 1928, C. maximovitchi sp. nov., is described from the Akhunskaya Cave and Labirintovaya Cave, both located in the Akhun Karst Massif on the Black Sea Coast of the West Caucasus (Krasnodar Territory, Russia). The new species is rather isolated within the genus Cimmerites and occupies an intermediate position between species related to C. kryzhanovskii Belousov, 1998 and species close to C. vagabundus Belousov, 1998. Though both C. maximovitchi sp. nov. and C. kryzhanovskii are still known only from caves, these species are quite similar in their life form to other members of the genus which are all true endogean species.

CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLIFF PLANT COMMUNITIES OF THE TUAPKHAT MASSIF

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey Krylenko ◽  
Sergey Krylenko
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Plant Associations ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Paper Structure ◽  
Sea Coast ◽  
Main Factor

Preservation of biological diversity is necessary for sustainable development and rational use of coastal resources. In this paper structure of the cliff plant communities of the massif Tuapkhat (the Black Sea coast, Russia) are characterized. Flora of this coastal zone combines features of Mediterranean and middle European Russia types. Herbaceous and shrub life-forms and xeromorphous and petrophilous plant associations dominate at the studied area. The main factor determining the species composition of the examined communities is substrate character.

THE APPLICATION FEATURES AN INTEGRATED ASSESSMENT METHOD FOR THE ANALYSIS OF TOURIST AND RECREATIONAL CAPACITY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE MUNICIPALITY OF TUAPSINSKY DISTRICT

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Arakelov ◽  
Mikael Arakelov ◽  
Arthur Arakelov ◽  
Arthur Arakelov
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Assessment Method ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Regional Management ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Tourism Potential ◽  
Sea Coast

Tourism is one of the most dynamically developing branches of economy in the Russian Federation in general and on the Black Sea coast in particular, in this regard, the assessment of tourism potential is one of the most important tasks of regional management.

Wastewater management strategies for the black sea coast of Turkey

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (8) ◽  
pp. 169-176
Author(s):  
I. Ozturk ◽  
E. Yuksel ◽  
A. Tanik
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Management Strategy ◽  
Population Distribution ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Wastewater Management ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Solid Waste Landfills ◽  
Sea Coast

The Black Sea, surrounded by six riparian countries, is under the threat of severe pollution, giving rise to the need of taking precautions to protect it from further deterioration. In this paper, an effort putting forth a wastewater treatment and management strategy is outlined for the Black Sea coast of Turkey, including both the technical and financial aspects. The present situation of the coast in terms of land-based pollution and infrastructure is stated, followed by an applicable management strategy. The strategy developed for the coastal settlements involves various stagewise treatment schemes based on population distribution and densities along the coastline, and on the availability of land in a specified period of thirty years. Similar strategies are proposed for the control of pollution originating from industries, for those carried by rivers joining the sea, and for leachate of solid waste landfills. The cost estimations of various treatment schemes are also given in terms of population equivalents.

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