scholarly journals Floristic diversity, biological spectrum of lower Tanawal, KP, Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 505-514
Author(s):  
B. Adeela ◽  
I. Zafar ◽  
M. S. Ghulam ◽  
H. Manzoor ◽  
U. R. R. Inayat
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Field Surveys ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Biological Spectrum

Field surveys were carried out to evaluate the floristic diversity and biological spectrum of Lower Tanawal, District Abbottabad in different seasons during 2016-2018. This study area was divided into 80 stands on the basis of physiognomy of the vegetation. Life form classes and leaf spectra were classified following Raunkiers methodology. In total, 286 plant species belonging to 86 families were recorded, out of which herbaceous growth form dominated the study area with 187 species, followed by shrub with 54 species. Among all 86 families, Asteraceae was found to be the most dominant family with 25 species, followed by Fabaceae with 24 species and Rosaceae with 20 species. Based on life form classes, Therophytic life form was the leading class with 113 species (39.5104%), followed by Nanophanerophytes with 45 species (15.7342%). In leaf size spectra, Microphylls dominated the flora with 88 species (30.7692%), followed by Mesophyll with 81 species (28.3216%). This study shows the complete floristic composition that may be important as reference work for future ethnobotanical, ecological and conservational studies.

scholarly journals Floristic Composition and Biological Spectrum of Hazarnoe Forest of District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa

2017 ◽  
pp. 29-44
Author(s):  
ASGHAR KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Growth Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Size Spectrum ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Total Plant ◽  
Biological Spectrum

The plant species of Hazarnoe Forest of District Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, were evaluated floristically from April 2016 to November 2017. Of the total 240 reported plant species, 38 were monocots, 196 dicots which belongs to 85 families and 188 genera respectively. Poaceae was the leading family contributed 20 species. Family Asteraceae contributed (14 spp.), Lamiaceae (13 spp.) while Papilionaceae and Solanaceae each with 10 species. Of the total plant taxa perennials were 161 species compared to annuals (73 spp.) and biennials (06 spp.). The dominant growth form was herbs that contributed (108 spp.) followed by trees (50spp.) and shrubs (45 spp.) respectively. Phanerophytes were the dominant life-form (92 spp.) whereas leaf size spectrum of microphyll was reported as abundant in the overall floristic. Phanerophytes and microphyll leaf size was the dominant life forms which show typical climate of subtropical region governing the area. Conclusion of study was that the vegetation of the area is under heavy biotic pressure and need proper conservation.

scholarly journals FLORISTIC COMPOSITION AND BIOLOGICAL SPECTRUM OF BARA GALI, ABBOTTABAD

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 32-38
Author(s):  
Adeela Bibi ◽  
Husnain Shah ◽  
Zafar Jamal ◽  
Abbas Hussain Shah ◽  
Azhar Mehmood
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Altitudinal Range ◽  
Biological Spectrum

Floristic composition and Phytosociological studies on the flora of Bara Gali District Abbottabad, Pakistan was conducted.  The altitudinal range of the Bara Gali  is from 2100-2370 meter. From the study area 50 species belong to 33 families were recorded. Herbaceous flora was dominant with 35 species, shrubs with 10 species and tree with 5 species. Asteraceae was dominant having 6 species. Microphyll dominant leaf size spectra and hemicryptophytes were dominant life form in the study area. This study provide information about the floristic composition of Bara Gali.

ECO-FLORISTIC STUDY OF WEED FLORA OF MAIZE CROP IN DISTRICT SWABI,KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 499-506
Author(s):  
Maqsood Anwar ◽  
Naveed Akhtar ◽  
Naveed Akhtar ◽  
Shah Khalid ◽  
Hassan Zeb
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Size Class ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Ecological Attributes ◽  
Floristic Study ◽  
Weed Flora

The present study explains floristic composition and ecological attributes characteristics of weeds of maize crop in district Swabi during September-October, 2018. A total of 28 weeds species distributed in 27 genera and 15 families were reported from the selected maize fields of the study area. Out of 15 families, 12 were dicots having (17 genera and 18 species) and 3 were monocots having (10 genera and 10 species). Poaceae was dominant family contributed 8 species. Amaranthaceae (5 spp.) followed by Aizoaceae and Convolvulaceae (2 spp.) each. The rest of 11 families were represented by single species each. Annuals contributed 19 (67.8%) species while perennials shared 9 (32.2%) species. Life-form spectra indicated that therophytes were dominant and abundant life form with 17 (60.7%) species. Leaf size spectra revealed that microphylls were major leaf size class with 12 (42.8 %) species. There were 25 (89.3%) species with simple leaves, 2 (7.1 %) species with compound leaves while 1 (3.6 %) species was represented by dissected leaves.

Life form classification and biological spectrum of Chiktan valley, North West Himalaya

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 183-187
Author(s):  
Anil K. Raina ◽  
Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Maximum Deviation ◽  
North West ◽  
Complete Enumeration ◽  
Steppe Vegetation ◽  
West Himalaya ◽  
Biological Spectrum ◽  
Desert Climate

The life form classification and construction of biological spectrum of Chiktan valley of Kargil district in Ladakh region of North West Himalaya has been done after complete enumeration of floristic composition. A total of 79 plant species has been listed and grouped into various life form classes after Raunkiaer (1934). Hemicryptophytes (40.50%) and Therophytes (24.05%) dominated the landscape of this area followed by Chamaephyte (17.72%), Phanerophytes and Geophytes (8.86%). The life form spectrum was the characteristic of desert climate with scanty rainfall and steppe vegetation.  Compared to the normal biological spectrum of Raunkiaer, Phanerophytes showed maximum deviation (-37.14) followed by Hemicryptophytes (+14.50) and Therophyte (+11.50).

scholarly journals Classification and Characterization of the Manoor Valley’s (Lesser Himalaya) Vegetation from the Subtropical-Temperate Ecotonal Forests to the Alpine Pastures along Ecological Variables

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 87
Author(s):  
Inayat Ur Rahman ◽  
Aftab Afzal ◽  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Mashail Nasser Alzain ◽  
Al-Bandari Fahad Al-Arjani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Environmental Drivers ◽  
Lesser Himalaya ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Evolutionary Aspects

Plant species are distributed in different types of habitats, forming different communities driven by different sets of environmental variables. Here, we assessed potential plant communities along an altitudinal gradient and their associations with different environmental drivers in the unexplored Manoor Valley (Lesser Himalaya), Pakistan. We have implemented various ecological techniques and evaluated phytosociological attributes in three randomly selected 50 m-transects within each stand (a total of 133) during different seasons for four years (2015–2018). This phytosociological exploration reported 354 plant species representing 93 different families. The results revealed that the Therophytic life form class dominated the flora, whereas Nanophyll dominated the leaf size spectra. There were a total of twelve plant communities identified, ranging from the lowest elevations to the alpine meadows and cold deserts. The maximum number of species were found in Cedrus–Pinus–Parrotiopsis community (197 species), in the middle altitudinal ranges (2292–3168 m). Our results showed that at high altitudes, species richness was reduced, whereas an increase in soil nutrients was linked to progression in vegetation indicators. We also found different clusters of species with similar habitats. Our study clearly shows how altitudinal variables can cluster different plant communities according to different microclimates. Studies such as ours are paramount to better understanding how environmental factors influence ecological and evolutionary aspects.

scholarly journals FLORISITIC COMPOSITION AND ECOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF FLORA OF TEHSIL SARI NAURANG, DISTRICT LAKKI MARWAT PAKISTAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 263-275
Author(s):  
Shabir Ahmad ◽  
FAWAD KHAN ◽  
ZAHIR MUHAMMAD ◽  
KHUSHDIL KHAN ◽  
MUHAMMAD JAMIL KHAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Dominant Class ◽  
Ecological Characteristics

The present study was carried out to determine the floristic composition and ecological characterization of the flora of tehsil Sarai Naurang. The floristic diversity of the plant consists of 143 species belonging to 47 different families having 42 dicots and 05 monocots. Poaceae were comprised as the dominant families containing 18 species followed by Brassicaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Solanaceae. Therophytes were dominant class having 89 species (62.23%) followed by Microphanerophytes 19 species (13.28%), Hemicryptophytes 13 species (9.09%),Chamaephytes 8 species (5.59%), Geophytes 7 species (4.89%), Nanophanerophytes 6 species (4.19%) and Megaphanerophytes have 1 species (0.69%). Leaf size of most plant species was reduced indicating an adaptation to arid climatic conditions. The leaf size showed that Nanophylls size were the dominant followed by Microphyll (40 species (27.97%), Leptophyll (34 species (23.77%), mesophyll (15 species (10.48%), megaphyll (2 species( 1.39%) and macrophyll 1 species (0.69%).

Floristic composition, biological spectrum and conservation status of a sacred grove from Jhargram district, West Bengal, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 161-172
Author(s):  
U.K. Sen ◽  
◽  
R.K. Bhakat ◽  
Keyword(s):  
West Bengal ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Sacred Grove ◽  
Sacred Groves ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Floristic Elements ◽  
Biological Spectrum

Social practices play a crucial role in the conservation of the environment and biodiversity. The present study was carried out to explore the plant resources, their biological spectrum, leaf size spectra, conservation status and management of the existing vegetation of a sacred grove, namely Kalua Sarnd Than (KST) in the Jhargram district of West Bengal in India. Floristic elements of the study area revealed that the vegetation was diverse and composed of 150 species belonging to 141 genera distributed over 60 families under 31 orders according to APG IV classification. The study area being a sacred grove is fairly undisturbed and protection of germplasm in the grove is maintained through the traditional beliefs. The present study, thus, could be used as an inspiring example in India for other sacred groves for phytoclimatic study.

scholarly journals Floristic list and their ecological characteristics, of plants at village Derikot Selai Pattay district Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan

2017 ◽  
pp. 93-105
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD ISHAQ
Keyword(s):  
Life Form ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Leaf Size ◽  
Life Forms ◽  
Size Spectra ◽  
Khyber Pakhtunkhwa ◽  
Ecological Characteristics ◽  
Made In

Floristic composition and characteristics studies were made in of vallag Derikot selai pattay District Malakand Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.The floristic composition of present study comprised of 146 species and 41 genera which belong to 39 families. It included 115 dicots species, Monocot 24, Gymnosperm 2, Pteridophytes 5, species. Family Asteraceae (23 spp.)is dominant family in floristic table. In the present study, therophytes with 57 species (39.041%.) were the dominant life form in the study area. Nanophanerophytes with 22 species (15.06%). Microphanerophytes with 22 species (15.06 %). Hemicryptophytes with 19 species (13. 01%). Chamaephytes with 15 species (10. 27%). Geophytes with 5 specie (3.42%). and Megaphanerophytes with 2 species (1.36%) Mesophanerophytes with 4 species (2.73%) were least observed life forms. Leaf size spectra was dominant by microphylls with 61 species (41.78%) followed by mesophylls with 35 species (23.97%), Nanophylls with 26 species (17.80%),Leptophylls with 17 species (11.64%), Aphyllous with 4 species (2.73%).Megaphylls 2 species (1.36%).Macrophyll only 1species (0.66 %) of study area.

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