scholarly journals Dynamics of the privatization’s and restructuring’s processes of the Рolish economy on the example of Podcarpatian’s region

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 102-111
Author(s):  
Janusz Strojny
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
State Control ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Regional Market ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Mass Layoffs ◽  
Foreign Corporations ◽  
Significant Stage ◽  
Council Of Ministers

In 2008–2011, the Council of Ministers of Poland adopted the Privatization Plan of 802 companies, which became a significant stage in the process of property transformation in the country. Privatized enterprises gained more independence, quickly adapting to market changes. The separation and privatization of large companies enhances competitiveness and hinders the political struggle for the management of state property. The refusal to subsidize unprofitable state enterprises can reduce budget spending.On the other hand, privatization has led to mass layoffs of workers, many companies seek to use privatization as a process of speculative enrichment, not caring that people can find alternative jobs on similar financial conditions and near their place of residence. Poland is one of the countries that could potentially attract more and more foreign investment. Increasingly, wealthy foreign corporations win tenders, which poses a threat to domestic producers.The Subcarpathian Voivodeship is in a difficult economic situation due to its peripheral geographical position. Despite the difficult situation on the labor market and in the economy of Subcarpathia, respondents do not see a chance to improve living standards due to dynamic privatization and restructuring. The paper was inspired by the results of empirical studies conducted in the Subcarpathian Voivodeship, which indicated a cool attitude of respondents to the processes of restructuring and privatization. The article identifies potential areas of economic activity that may contribute to raising economic standards in the regional market. The author considers it appropriate to strengthen state control over privatized enterprises in order to more effectively use the existing potential for the economic development of the Subcarpathian region and eliminate its economic backwardness.

scholarly journals State Control of Foreign Corporations

1909 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
George W. Wickersham
Keyword(s):  
State Control ◽  
Foreign Corporations

Studying the History of the State Control in the Russian Empire During the Period of the Duma Monarchy

2020 ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Ziqiu Chen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
20Th Century ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
The State ◽  
State Control ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Imperial Period ◽  
Russian State ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Council Of Ministers

After the establishment of constitutional monarchy in Russia as a result of the 1905–1906 reforms, the position of the Russian State Control (imperial audit service) changed. Formerly relatively independent, the State Control, whose head was directly accountable to the Emperor, now found itself in the united government, i.e. the Council of Ministers. The undermined independence of the State Control provoked a wide public discussion, which involved Duma deputies, employees of the State Control as well as competent Russian economists and financial experts, who made relevant recommendations calling for reducing the number of state institutions that were unaccountable to the audit service and giving the latter more independence. This paper analyses the key works of pre-revolutionary authors published in the early 20th century and devoted to the history of the State Control of the Russian Empire. Both in the imperial period and today, the Russian audit institution, in contrast with political, historical and military topics, has been of primary interest not to historians, but to economists, financiers and lawyers, since it requires special knowledge of the State Control’s technical mechanisms. Based on this, the author selected the following works that require thorough examination: How People’s Money Is Spent in Russia by I.Kh. Ozerov, On the Transformation of the State Control by Yu.V. Tansky, an official anniversary edition State Control. 1811–1911, and Essays on the Russian Budget Law. Part 1 by L.N. Yasnopolsky. The author of this article considers these works to be the highest quality studies on the Russian State Control at the beginning of the 20th century and their analysis to be of unquestionable importance for contemporary research into the history of the Russian audit institution.

Domestic and Foreign Political Factors of Ukrain' s Integration with Russia and the EU

2012 ◽  
pp. 50-56
Author(s):  
V. Pantin ◽  
V. Lapkin
Keyword(s):  
Political Struggle ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Social Strain ◽  
European Industry ◽  
The Eu

The article covers the issue of the Ukraine's upcoming choice in the present difficult situation: to move toward Russia or the EU. Forecasting that the agreement between Ukraine and the EU will be concluded, the authors, however, suppose, the integration of Kiev and Brussels will be insignificant. This is accounted for both the intensification of internal political struggle in Ukraine and uncertainty of the President Yanukovich's perspectives, and the danger of Ukrainian industry destruction, less competitive than the European industry, which will lead to mass unemployment and sharp rise in social strain.

European Coal and Steel Community

1955 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 310-316
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Social Security ◽  
Council Of Europe ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
New Construction ◽  
The Common ◽  
Administrative Expenses ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Council Of Ministers

Common AssemblyThe second ordinary session of the Common Assembly of the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) opened in Strasbourg on May II, 1954; Mr. de Gasperi (Italy) was unanimously elected president. Mr. Monnet, President of the ECSC High Authority, reported that the “first steps in the creation of Europe” had obtained for the member countries a renewal of credit, more favorable financial conditions, and a more productive use of their resources than they could have achieved separately. Before concluding the session on May 21, the Common Assembly adopted a resolution which dealt with the report of the High Authority, the report on administrative expenses of the Community for 1952–1953, and the provisional budget for 1954–1955. The resolution 1) approved the expressed intention of the High Authority to limit administrative expenses and its decision to draft a statute for officials of the Community; 2) stressed the open character of ECSC, expressed gratification at the development of its relations with the Council of Europe, called for speedy conclusion of the negotiations with the United Kingdom, and expressed a desire for relations with other European countries, especially Austria; 3) urged that greater attention be given to the question of cartels and maximum prices, which in some cases needed to be lowered; 4) invited the High Authority to pursue, in cooperation with governments, efforts to introduce standard international freight through-rates, and to harmonize conditions of transport; 5) congratulated the High Authority on its work to free the movement of manpower, and hoped for the development of comparable conditions of remuneration and of social security norms throughout the Community; 6) approved the allocation of a large part of the first investments financed by the Community to new construction of workers' housing; and 7) requested the High Authority to seek, through the Council of Ministers, adoption of a coordinated policy of economic expansion and development of outlets, with the objective of a reduction in the cost price of coal and steel.

scholarly journals Territorial framework of local self-government: basis of legislative regulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 147-155
Author(s):  
Zinoviy Siryk ◽  
Rostyslav Bilyk ◽  
Olena Panukhnyk
Keyword(s):  
Local Governments ◽  
The State ◽  
State Control ◽  
High Quality ◽  
State Management ◽  
Economic Choice ◽  
Financial Conditions ◽  
Clear Delineation ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
Quality Process

Ukraine is increasingly trying to integrate into European structures. The civilizational, geopolitical and geo-economic choice for our country is obvious, therefore, difficult, consistent and sometimes unconventional and unpopular political decisions are required to implement it. The real implementation of the deconcentration, decentralization and subsidiarity principles in the practice of public administration is necessary, in particular, due to the introduction of new models of relations between the political center and the regions. Regional disproportions in the territory development of Ukraine, the failure to implement the reform on the ground in specific administrative and territorial units, the spread of corruption schemes – all these are the consequences of an ineffective model of local self-government and state management of regional development, that became the beginning of the administrative and territorial reform in the state. And in order to ensure a high-quality process of administrative and territorial reform, it is important, and to some extent and the most basic, is the process of adopting high-quality regulatory base for legislation. The article identifies the main directions for the formation of an effective management system at all levels, including: the formation of an optimal territorial basis, the provision of appropriate material, administrative, organizational and financial conditions for the implementation of the powers granted to them by local governments, a clear delineation of powers between management bodies of different levels based on decentralization, mechanism development of the state control and population involvement in the community development. The legislative base, which was adopted in the context of supporting the reform of local self-government in Ukraine, has been analyzed. The legislative guidelines for the decentralization reform and regional policy in Ukraine have been determined and substantiated. Deficiencies and shortcomings of the normative-legal and institutional support system of the local self-government reform have been identified and ways of their elimination have been proposed.

scholarly journals Individual resistance to difficulties during distance learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
N. I. Dunaeva ◽  
P. A. Egorova
Keyword(s):  
Distance Learning ◽  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Structural Components ◽  
Difficult Situation ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Analytical Review

Introduction. The pandemic situation, the rapid transition to distance learning forms - all this was a serious test for participants in the educational environment. Panic, fear for health and life, as well as fear of social threat, when the previous structures of interaction with the outside world began to be violated accompanied people. This situation can be described as difficult, extreme, taking beyond the normal human experience that affected the whole world, humanity. It can also be defined as a situation related to social entropy (uncertainty), since it is characterized by novelty, contradiction and complexity. We are currently experiencing uncertainty in all spheres of life. External life circumstances, new challenges in terms of self-isolation, distance - destroyed the usual picture of the human world. A person is also forced to overcome "personal" uncertainty, while experiencing a dissonant state in the cognitive, emotional, motivational - value spheres. The uncertainty of the situation is also related to unpredictability, to the inability to predict development, as well as to uncontrollability, that is, the ability to manage the development of events. It should be noted that in the educational environment there is the same uncertainty, difficulties and fears that are currently experienced not only by the adult population, i.e. parents of students and teachers, but also by students. In our view, overcoming the difficult and uncertain situation of pandemic and conscious adoption of distance learning forms will be related to the peculiarity of the development of personal qualities of the younger generation, among which resistance will be most relevant to the possibilities of positive overcoming.Materials and Methods. The article should be an analytical review, where an attempt was made to systematize scientific psychological and pedagogical knowledge on the problem of difficulties and restrictions in various structural components of the educational environment and find resources to overcome the uncertain, difficult situation associated with the consequences of the pandemic and the introduction of distance learning. The main method of studying this problem is the theoretical analysis of information in the works of domestic and foreign authors, which presents theoretical and empirical studies on the introduction, opportunities and risks of distance learning forms, as well as attitudes to it.Results. Problems related to introduction of remote forms of education in structural components of educational environment are considered and analyzed; there are presented models of distance learning, allowing to ensure appropriate quality of trainees training. The results of a survey of students of various faculties of Nizhny Novgorod State University named after N.I. Lobachevsky regarding difficulties and attitude to distance learning format during the period of self-isolation are given.Discussion and Conclusions. The conclusion is based on the need for further theoretical analysis and synthesis of available scientific research on the implementation, opportunities and risks of remote forms of training. Based on the results of a few psychological studies of domestic and foreign authors, it is proved necessary to further study the problem of the influence of remote forms of education on the personality of students, as well as the finding of factors, resources, mechanisms that contribute to the informed adoption and choice of adequate forms and strategies of behavior by participants in the educational process. The importance of finding the personal and environmental resources of a person when emerging from difficult, uncertain situations related to the digitalization of training is justified.

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