scholarly journals Center-peripheral processes in Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 35-42
Author(s):  
O. С. Ковтун
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Conflict Zone ◽  
Territorial Structure ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
Negative Balance ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Intellectual Potential ◽  
The Military

This article presents the tendencies of the social development in Ukraine as a socio-territorial system. The demographic trends and tendencies of internal migration in Ukraine are considered from the perspective of the center-peripheral approach. The concept of the peripherization in Ukraine as well as the centralization of human resources is disclosed. As a result of the analysis of these outstanding trends, it was established that the center acts as an exploiter of regional human resources that at the same time creates additional risks of the regional development. The authors determine basic social mechanisms of regions peripherization. These include mainly the demographic degradation of the regions, what is reflected in the population reduction as a consequence of the negative natural population growth and migration which is concentrated around the center (Kyiv) and the semiperiphery (industrial regions). It is revealed that the internal migration movement manifests itself in two main forms: educational migration and labor migration. The educational migration in Ukraine is aimed at a small number of university centers, where the largest is the city of Kyiv. Therefore, despite the negative balance of the educational migration rates in most oblasts, Kyiv accumulates the largest amount of university entrants. It was also established that educational migration has not only quantitative but also a qualitative dimension. This is how the center primarily concentrates the most successful students. All listed causes a significant imbalance in the distribution of the intellectual potential of the country in favor for the center and increases its competitiveness regarding to the regions. The maintenance and the reproduction of this situation is also supported by the system of the scholarships distribution in Ukrainian Institutions of Higher Education. The similar migration trends are also observed in the labor sphere, what creates additional risks for the economic development of the regions. The tendencies for concentration of the national labor and intellectual potential in the center are denoted by the human resources centralization concept where this type of resources becomes the main interest, exploited by the center. As a consequence, we get the transformation of regions into the internal periphery of Ukraine. This process occurs unequally, depending on the basic competitive position of the region and its integration into the general socio-territorial structure. This is especially relevant for areas that are in or close to the military conflict zone. According to the main results of the research, there were outlined the following vectors for scientific elaboration: designing the criteria to escribe territories to the zones of the semi-periphery and periphery; further in-depth studying of peripherization mechanisms; defining ways to overcome the imbalances in the development of Ukraine as a socio-territorial integrity. 

scholarly journals The peculiarities of brain bioelectrical activity in infants who suffered from stress due to military conflict depending on type of feeding

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-60
Author(s):  
T. V. Shirina ◽  
I. B. Ershova
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bioelectrical Activity ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Software Complex ◽  
Time Index ◽  
Conflict Zone ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Electroencephalographic Study ◽  
The Military

The aim of the research is to study the peculiarities of brain electrical activity in infants who suffered from stress due to military conflict and who were on different types of feeding. An electroencephalographic study was conducted in 68 infants who were in the military conflict zone and formed the main group. These infants were divided into 2 subgroups. Subgroup Ia included 36 infants who were breastfeeding. Subgroup Ib included 32 infants who were on artificial feeding. EEG was also made to 88 children who made up a control group and were outside the zone of military conflict. Of these, 47 children were breastfed, who entered the subgroup IIa and 41 children were on artificial feeding, included in subgroup IIb. The study was carried out with the help of a hardware-software complex for recording and processing electroencephalograms and evoked potentials DX-NT 32. The most pronounced physiological changes in brain bioelectrical activity were detected in the group of children undergoing stress of war and being on artificial feeding, which were manifested by lower parameters of the amplitude, frequency and time index of alpha and beta rhythms, increased amplitude, frequency and time index of delta and theta rhythms.

scholarly journals Development of educational migration in Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-111
Author(s):  
Natalia Stepaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Migration Policy ◽  
Individual Characteristics ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Global Instability ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Intellectual Potential

The article studies the historical development of educational migration processes in Ukraine. It processes the classification of educational migration in view of global instability and manifestations of the crisis. It also suggests measures that should be implemented to prevent significant educational immigration from Ukraine. It also determines that the prerequisite for the educational migration is the desire of an individual to get certain education, which can be classified in terms of desired level of qualification, professional specialization, directions, methods and ways of getting education and the desired result. It is noted that a specific feature of educational migration is its impact not only on the profitability of the educational sector (or a particular university), but also on the economy of the country (region) that provides educational services in general. In addition, the consumers of educational services are a potential workforce of corresponding qualifications. In order to define characteristic features of educational migration from Ukraine, it was necessary to identify individual characteristics of such transferences; that is why classification of educational migration was done in view of global instability and manifestations of the crisis. To maintain and expand the reproduction of intellectual potential, it was suggested to use effective measures of educational and migration policy that would quickly adapt to the changes in the global economic environment. It is necessary to apply the mechanisms which could establish systematic movement of intelligence, capital, and information in two mutually symmetrical directions (into Ukraine and out of Ukraine). It is necessary to strengthen the competitive advantages of Ukraine in science, education and high technologies.

scholarly journals EDUCATIONAL TOURISM AND EDUCATIONAL MIGRATION: ECONOMIC ESSENCE AND DISTINCTIONS

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu. Petrushenko ◽  
A. Vorontsova ◽  
I. Yarova ◽  
O. Bilotserkivska
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Educational Tourism ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Planning Condition ◽  
Educational Migration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Right

The mobility of human resources, which arises under the influence of various reasons, is characteristic of any stage of human development, which in modern conditions under the influence of globalization acquires special proportions. Among the traditional reasons for such spatial movements is not only the search for better living conditions and earnings, but also the desire for new experiences and knowledge. Thus, one of the main forms of mobility is tourism and migration. The growing role of education as one of the main goals of sustainable development ensures its development in the international space, which is associated with such phenomena as educational tourism and educational migration. Despite the existing developments in this topic, their economic essence and differentiation is not fully understood, which determines the relevance of this study and its main purpose. As a result, on the basis of semantic analysis, the essence of tourism and migration as basic categories was studied first, then moving on to educational migration and educational tourism. The theoretical analysis of the economic essence revealed that both terms imply the spatial movement of human resources in order to obtain educational services, which are forms of a broader concept of "academic mobility". In order to distinguish them, the following features are identified: conditional duration, planning, condition of return to the country of residence, condition of employment in the country of travel, obtaining a supporting document of training, voluntary nature, legal status and right to residence. The main difference is identified by the conditional duration, which is short-term for educational tourism and long-term for educational migration. In other respects, they are similar with minor modifications: for example, the condition of employment in the country of travel is fulfilled for educational migration only in the form of part-time study, or the condition of obtaining a certificate confirming training varies for tourism depending on the form of educational service (formal or informal). , which may or may not have a certain diploma, certificate); the legal status of a person is manifested as an emigrant and a tourist with different documentation and the right to reside. The obtained developments are important for further study of this issue and terminological and normative delimitation of educational tourism and educational migration for the proper organization of public policy in these areas.

scholarly journals The response strategy of social work with displaced families and the receiving community (within the context of sustainable development)

2021 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 04010
Author(s):  
Iryna Trubavina ◽  
Olena Karaman ◽  
Dimitrina Kamenova ◽  
Viktoriia Stepanenko ◽  
Yaroslava Yurkiv
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Work ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Response Strategy ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Internally Displaced ◽  
Conflict Zone ◽  
Humanitarian Information ◽  
The Military

The article deals with the issues of overcoming poverty, inequality, nutrition improvement, ensuring a healthy way of life, raising education quality, enhancing well-being, and building up a peaceful and open society for internally displaced persons (IDP) and the receiving community by means of the social response strategy. The goal of the research: theoretic substantiation of the response strategy in social work with IDP and the community in the context of the perspective of ensuring their sustainable development. The presented response strategy is for the first time theoretically substantiated and adapted to the Ukrainian realities in the conflict zone and takes into account the peculiarities of the DP and social work in the receiving borderline community and includes standard actions to react to extraordinary situations, activity directions – psychology-and-pedagogic, socio-medical, humanitarian, information-and-cultural assistance. The strategy is based on the principles of integration, multi-sidedness, multidisciplinary connection, resource-orientation, green-aware social work, the advantages theory, partnership, assistance for self-assistance, family-centrism, innovation, synergy, etc.; it takes into account the perspective ensuring of sustainable future for both the displaced families and the receiving community in general. The methods of the research: theoretical analysis, synthesis, systemizing, generalizing, comparison, documentation study, estimation of needs, and mathematic statistics methods. The obtained results of applying the mentioned theory under conditions of the military conflict in the Luhansk oblast (area) of Ukraine confirm its efficiency in qualitative and numerical terms and are supported by mathematic statistics methods.

Civil–Military Relations and Human Rights

2021 ◽  
pp. 0095327X2110068
Author(s):  
Sam R. Bell ◽  
K. Chad Clay ◽  
Ghashia Kiyani ◽  
Amanda Murdie
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Military Leadership ◽  
Human Right ◽  
Principal Agent Theory ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Agent Theory ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Lack Of Control ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Military

Do civil–military relations influence human rights practices? Building on principal–agent theory, we argue that civilian–military relations, instead of having an effect on mean levels of repression, will be associated with the dispersion in human rights practices. States where there is less control of the military or more conflict between civilian and military leadership will see a wider range of human rights practices. We test our hypotheses quantitatively on a global sample of countries, using updated data on civil–military relations and find evidence that civil–military conflict and lack of control increase the variance in human right practices.

scholarly journals Migration Systems in Southern Portugal: Regional and Transatlantic Circuits of Labor Migration in the Algarve (Eighteenth–Twentieth Centuries)

2000 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo J. Borges
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Labor Migration ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Southern Portugal ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Migration Systems ◽  
Over Time

This article applies a systems approach to the analysis of multiple circuits of labor migration that emerged in the Algarve, southern Portugal, from the late eighteenth century to the mid 1900s, and their connections. Over time Algarvian migrants participated in three main systems of migration: internal migration and migration to southern Spain and Gibraltar, transatlantic migration to the Americas and Africa – especially to Argentina – and migration to northern Europe. Rather than an abrupt break with a sedentary past, the article shows how the beginnings of transatlantic migration at the turn of the century were the result of modification and adaptation of existing strategies of labor migration.

Prospects for Cooperation Between Russia and Syria in Various Scenarios of Military Conflict Development

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-55
Author(s):  
Alheder Haled
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Inverse Correlation ◽  
Foreign Economic Policy ◽  
Military Conflict ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
Gdp Growth Rate ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Military Conflicts ◽  
The Military ◽  
The Relationship

The paper is devoted to determining the prospects for cooperation between Russia and the Syrian Arab Republic in various scenarios of military conflicts. In order to identify the relationship between the success of the country's foreign economic policy and the military conflicts waged on its territory, a study was conducted of such indicators of Syria as: the growth rate of the peace index and the GDP growth rate. A strong inverse correlation is revealed, which means that the level of political situation and peace in the state determines the efficiency of the economy. In view of this, various scenarios of the development of the military conflict in Syria have been studied: at the initial stage, at the stage of active hostilities, at the present stage of overcoming the crisis. The last stage involves four different scenarios for the development of a military conflict, including a local nature and a protracted nature with the involvement of other countries of the world. Options for developing cooperation between Russia and Syria have been identified for each scenario. Taking into account the assessment of the international political situation, the two most likely scenarios for further military events in Syria are identified, and the prospects for cooperation between Russia and Syria in these conditions are outlined.

The Norwegian Historic Population Register and Migration

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-263
Author(s):  
Lars Holden ◽  
Svetlana Boudko
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
Internal Migration ◽  
Return Migration ◽  
High Probability ◽  
Population Register ◽  
Place Of Birth ◽  
Migration Research ◽  
National Population Register ◽  
Automatic Methods ◽  
And Migration

This article describes the development of the Norwegian Historical Population Register, which is the first open national register. In the period 1735–1964, 9.7 million people lived in Norway, and for them 37.5 million events (such as birth, death, or migration) have been recorded in sources. We link together as many events as possible for the same persons and families, but only include links that have a high probability of being correct. The linking is performed by automatic methods and crowdsourcing. A national population register is important for migration research. It allows us to reconstruct (stepwise) internal migration in Norway, frequently followed by international migration from Norway, as well as return migration to Norway. Many non-Norwegian sources also specify place of birth by country, and this makes it possible to identify individuals in Norwegian sources.

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