scholarly journals Environmental evaluation of remediated lands quality of manganese quarry lands (Zaporizhsky and Olexandrovsky opencast workings) on humus content and salinity

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. M. Loza ◽  
O. Y. Pakhomov
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Soil Invertebrates ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Soil Sustainability ◽  
Environmental Properties ◽  
Reclaimed Soil ◽  
Economic Use

Environmental protection, rational use of natural resources and ensuring the ecological safety of human life are integral conditions of sustainable economic and social development of European Union. Mining industry is one of the powerful factors that leads to degradation of various native landscapes. Withdrawal of agricultural land from intended use results from the minerals extraction. Instead them man-made landscapes (dumps and quarries) are formed, as well as destructive territories characterized by subsidence, contamination with toxic compounds, decrease of species richness and biological diversity. Disturbed territories formed during mining process are usually partially restored with remediation. Remediation process consist of two stages: technical and biological. In the result of technical stage implementation, substrates with different potential fertility having different environmental properties and quality are formed. However, in quality assessment of remediated soils insufficient attention is paid to restoration of the soil environmental properties, namely their suitability for existence of soil biota, which ensures the soil sustainability and vitality. Purpose of the presented work was to assess quality of remediated lands in condition of Ordzhonikidzevsky manganese quarry (Olexandrovskiy and Zaporizhkiy careers) on the possibility of their use and suitability for soil biota existence, as well as providing recommendations for further rational economic use of them. Data on chemical properties of reclaimed soil were collected on the sites of performed recultivation. Humus content was determined according to DSTU 4289: 2004, analysis of water extraction was carried out according to GOST 26425-85, GOST 26426-85, GOST 26427-85, GOST 26428-85. The study is novel in that it is proposed to take into account environmental conditions for existence of soil invertebrates which play a crucial role in formation of agro-system stability mechanisms. The main indicators determining the productivity of remediated lands and the degree of their suitability for soil biota existence are values of actual acidity and salinity degree. An assessment of the reclaimed lands quality on the Ordzhonikidzevsky ore mining and processing enterprise was carried out on the example of Zaporizhsky and Olexandrovsky open-cast workings on the possibility of their economic use and suitability for the soil biota existence, as well as recommendations for further rational use. It was found that studied areas by the main characteristics are suitable for the further settlement and successful existence of soil biota. It is concluded that as a result of the technical stage of reclamation, an artificial reclaimed soil was obtained, which, according to the main characteristics, is similar to native zonal soils located in this area prior to mining; the recultivated soil has somewhat less fertility and greater salinity of lower horizons, but it is able to perform ecological functions and can not only be used for economic purposes, but also perform ecological role, serving as an environment for existence of soil invertebrates.

scholarly journals Environmental evaluation of suitability of recultivated land in a manganese quarry for the existence of soil biota

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
I. М. Loza ◽  
V. I. Chiorna
Keyword(s):  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Soil Biota ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Environmental Evaluation ◽  
Bulk Layer ◽  
Environmental Properties ◽  
Reclaimed Soil ◽  
Actual Acidity

The challenge of degradation of natural ecosystems because of human activity is considered by the world community to be the most serious problems facing mankind. As a result of mineral extraction, man-made landscapes and environmentally ruined areas replace natural habitats and agroecosystems; a whole spectrum of man-made processes are typical for such landscapes, which leads to a decrease in species richness and biological diversity within such areas. Degraded territories formed in the process of coal mining are often partially restored through remediation measures. During the implementation of the technical stage of remediation, substrates with different potential fertility having different environmental properties and quality are used. However, in quality assessment of remediated soils insufficient attention is paid to restoration of the environmental properties of the soils, namely their suitability for the existence of soil biota, which ensures the soil’s sustainability and vitality. The main indicators determining the productivity of remediated lands and the degree of their suitability for the existence of soil biota are values of actual acidity and degree of salinity. An assessment of the quality of reclaimed lands of  the Ordzhonikidzevsky ore mining and processing enterprise was carried out on the example of the Zaporizhsky open-cast mine with the aim of assessing the possibility of their economic use and suitability for the existence of soil biota , as well as to make recommendations for further rational use. It was found that  main characteristics  of the study area (capacity of bulk humic layer, content of humus in the bulk layer, content of physical clay in the bulk humic layer and in the subsoil, average soil density in the meter bulk layer, salinity of the bulk humic layer and subsoil, composition and properties of subsoil), of the Zaporizhzhya quarry's reclamation is suitable for the further settlement and successful existence of the soil biota. It is concluded that as a result of the technical stage of reclamation, an artificial reclaimed soil was obtained, which according to its characteristics is similar to the primary zonal soils that were located in this area prior to mining; the recultivated soil has somewhat lower fertility and greater salinity at the lower horizons, but is capable of performing ecological functions and can not only be used for economic purposes, but also perform ecological functions, serving as an environment for the existence of soil biota.

EFFECTIVENESS OF DOSING APPLICATION OF BENATAL GROUP HERBICIDES IN SUGAR BEET SOWING

1970 ◽  
pp. 49-51
Author(s):  
V. Z. Venevtsev ◽  
М. N. Zakharova ◽  
L. V. Rozhkova
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Crop Protection ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Row Crops ◽  
Sugar Beet Variety ◽  
Sowing Machine

Ryazan region annually receives stable yields of sugar beet roots 40 t/ha. Further growth of yields depends on balanced nutrition of plants cultivated hybrids, from the quality of the soil and of the phytosanitary State of sowing culture. Weed vegetation in wider spaced row crops of sugar beet in the initial periods of vegetation is high competition culture. The article presents the results of three studies on the effectiveness of the herbicide betanalnoj group, used to reduce contamination of sowing culture annual dicotyledonous weeds and increase the harvest of sugar beet roots. Studies conducted on experimental fields ISSA-branch FGBNU FNAC WIM (former AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE in Ryazan). Soil: dark grey forest tjazhelosuglinistaja, humus content 4.0%, potassium and phosphorus-high pH is 5.8. Area of cultivated plots 50 m2, repetition, four sugar beet variety-Ocean. The predecessor-winter wheat. Under the autumn ploughing had made NPK120 under presowing cultivation-N60, SEV conducted seeder sowing machine. For crop protection herbicides were tested annually of sugar beet Betanal progress, UF-1.0 l/HA, Forte di Belvedere-1.0 l/HA, Betanal Max Pro-1.5 l/HA, Bajrang engineering works Super-1.5 l/HA, once applied to weeds. The harvest of sugar beet roots, take into account the square 10 m2 in 4-times repeated with each experimental plot by weighing machinery, processed data by ANOVA. The research found that studied herbicides efficiently at 87-92%, reduced infestation annual dicotyledonous weeds and increase the harvest of sugar beet roots to 29.9-44.1%

Cultivation of Rapeseed in the Southern Urals and Its Rational Use

2020 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 78-86
Author(s):  
Nikolay S. Sergeev ◽  
Mikhail V. Zapevalov ◽  
Alexander V. Gritsenko
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Chelyabinsk Region ◽  
Spring Rape

In the continental climate of the southern Urals, rapeseed compares favorably with many forage and traditional silage crops with a high protein content and adaptive properties. The cultivation of rapeseed guarantees the production of its own seeds, up to 40 percent of oil, 60 percent of cake and 98 percent of rapeseed flour. (The research purpose) The research purpose is in improving the efficiency of rapeseed cultivation and rational use of rapeseed seeds, rapeseed flour and oil in the agricultural production in the Chelyabinsk region. (Materials and methods) The influence of various forecrops on the productivity and quality of spring rape seeds in the links of grain-pair crop rotations in the Northern forest-steppe of the Chelyabinsk region were studied. Authors have analyzed the chemical composition of the soil and seeds of spring rape after various forecrops. (Results and discussion) The article proposes to reduce energy costs during pressing and reduce residual oil in the cake after pre-grinding of rapeseed by cutting method using a centrifugal-rotary shredder. The article shows that rapeseed flour has a good flowability and is easily mixed with other feeds. It was found that partial replacement of concentrates with rapeseed flour in the amount of 8-12 percent of the total weight in the diet of lactating cows contributes to an increase in milk productivity by 1.1-1.8 kilograms in terms of milk of 4 percent fat content. (Conclusions) It has been revealed that in order to increase the yield and quality of spring rape seeds, it is necessary to place them on the best forecrops. It was found that when 75 percent of rapeseed oil is mixed with 25 percent of diesel fuel, the obtained biodiesel is not inferior to diesel in terms of energy indicators. The article proves that when cultivating rapeseed for seeds on an area of 100 hectares, it is possible to produce 94.5 tons of biodiesel fuel, 106.0 tons of cake with an oil content of 5 percent and 8.4 tons of oil sludge, the estimated economic effect after sale is of 3,813,325 rubles.

Pharmacoeconomical approaches for assessing the rational use of ophthalmic drugs in polyclinic settings

2021 ◽  
pp. 143-145
Author(s):  
N.A. Nefedov ◽  
◽  
D.S. Ramonas ◽  
B.G. Khasanov ◽  
A.S. Alexandrov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fold Increase ◽  
Eye Drops ◽  
Ophthalmic Drugs ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Rational Drug ◽  
Acquisition Costs ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Drug Provision ◽  
Combined Drugs

Purpose. To evaluate the results of the rational use of ophthalmic medicines with the use of pharmacoeconomical analysis. Material and methods. With the help of ABC-VEN analysis, a comparative study of the quality of pharmacotherapy and drug provision of patients who were monitored and treated by an ophthalmologist of the polyclinic in 2015 and 2019 was conducted. Results. As a result, it was found that the share of costs for vital drugs increased by 10.1% and amounted to 71.1% in 2019, which corresponds to the standardized criterion (70-80%). There was a reduction in the cost of purchasing secondary drugs by 7.6%, which indicates a rational drug supply of ophthalmic drugs. The most commonly used drugs for the treatment of glaucoma were 27.8% in 2015 and 35.1% in 2019. The share of their acquisition costs was 54.9% and 67.9%, respectively. There was a significant increase in the range and number of drugs for the treatment of patients with glaucoma: a 2.8-fold increase in the number of purchased eye drops for monotherapy and a 12% increase in the number of combined drugs. Conclusion. Pharmacoeconomical analysis showed an optimization of spending money on the purchase of drugs used in ophthalmology: an increase of 10.1% in the share of vital drugs and a decrease of 7.6% in the cost of purchasing secondary drugs. There was an increase in the range and quantity of drugs for the treatment of patients with glaucoma. Key words: ABC-VEN-analysis, drugs, ophthalmology, pharmacoeconomics.

scholarly journals Sistema de Iluminação Publica Inteligente

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fábio Rodrigues de la Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
Street Lighting ◽  
Rational Use

Public street lighting management is a well known problemwhich can be revisited from the perspective of Smart Cities.In Smart Cities there is an interconnection of services andinfrastructure to provide sustainable growth and improvementsin citizens’ quality of life. In this research work, weexplore new low cost technologies to create a smart streetlight system capable of monitoring and controlling the lamps,thus reducing the costs with maintenance and allowing amore rational use of electricity.

scholarly journals Concept of contemporary methods for monitoring and determination of cyanide in water

2004 ◽  
Vol 58 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 338-342
Author(s):  
Dragana Cickaric ◽  
Ljubinka Rajakovic
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Water Protection ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Water And Wastewater

The quality of life depends on water quality. Good water quality and the rational use of water are an absolute need of the new millennium. Although it is an ecological and health priority to prohibit the contamination of water and water protection, it is a responsibility for environmental engineers and chemists to develop and apply effective methods for monitoring and controlling of water quality, and at that way prevent ecological and technological catastrophe on time. In this paper modern methods and process for monitoring, control and detection of cyanide in water and wastewater are presented. Recent developments in instrumental techniques and treatment for determination of this toxic substance in water are described, particularly the methods according to green analytical aspects.

scholarly journals SW and GB (N) ARQ Protocols under Markovian Interruptions

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Khongorzul Dashdondov ◽  
Yong-Ki Kim ◽  
Mi-Hye Kim
Keyword(s):  
Markov Process ◽  
Arrival Rate ◽  
Data Packet ◽  
System Stability ◽  
Effective Capacity ◽  
Data Traffic ◽  
Voice Signal ◽  
Queueing Delay ◽  
Arq Schemes

This paper discusses packet data multiplexing using stop-and-wait (SW) and go-back-N (GBN) automatic repeat request (ARQ) protocols under Markovian interruption. The Markov process shows the output channel by examining the Markovian interruption using inactive and active states. We assume that whenever the voice signal is active the output link is used and will be blocked for the data packet, and data traffic input is exponentially distributed in increments via the Poisson process, with each data packet transmitted within an individual time slot. Active and inactive periods of the original voice signal are geometrically distributed with their unique parameters. The study introduces the concept of average service time and average queueing delay to simplify the analysis and shows that data multiplexers using SW and GBN ARQ schemes exhibit queueing behaviour when the interruption signal follows a Markov process. Moreover, we derived the effective capacity that features the average arrival rate at the transmitter queue under the quality of service (QoS) constraints. Also from the results system stability depends on the error probability and Markovian interruptions occurrence. Simulation results verify the theoretical analysis.

scholarly journals ARCHITECTURAL LIGHTING OF THE INTERIOR SPACES OF RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS (LIGHT COMFORT)

2020 ◽  
pp. 263-271
Author(s):  
O. Vasylenko ◽  
◽  
O. Mykhailenko ◽  
I. Shmarev ◽  
A., Tanirverdiyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Ecological Crisis ◽  
Light Environment ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Activity Increase ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Rational Use ◽  
Interior Spaces ◽  
Lighting Environment

The paper identified the main aspects of the natural lighting of interior spaces of residential and public buildings, affecting the light forms of education, the quality of light, visual comfort, visual discomfort, uneven illumination, and so on. The quality of architecture as a visual art is mainly evaluated because of visual impressionsthat are possible only in the presence of light. The modern period of development of society is characterized by objective civilized processes of global urbanization, as a result of which architecture itself becomes a cause of a disturbance in the state of balance of the environment for human life and the cause of the ecological crisis. It is known that under the influence of such anthropogenic factors as a decrease in the transparency of the atmosphere due to the growth of cities and industry, insolation resources are changing in residential areas. In the framework of the concept of an urban-ecological approach in the formation of the human environment, the problems of creating a comfortable bioclimatic architecture or ecological buildings that allow the multilateral use of the energy of the Sun are highlighted.Among the factors determining the quality of the environment, an important place is occupied by the natural light environment, which largely depends on the nature of the light climate. Sunlight has a comprehensive impact on all major categories of architecture, including light comfort, durability, expressiveness, and economy. The appropriate level and quality of lighting in rooms and urban areas is an important prerequisite for creating light comfortable living conditions for a person, contributes to his creative activity, increase labor productivity and improve leisure conditions. The parameters of the light environment are one of the main elements that form the microclimate of the premises.In many developed countries, in connection with the expansion of megacities, the issue of not only functional, but also visual aesthetic comfort of the environment is becoming relevant. Creating a light environment that meets the practical, psychological andaesthetic requirements of the people who live in it is one of the most important tasks of an architect. Knowledge of the basic compositional properties of lighting, the ways of its rational use in architecture, and the possession of methodological skillsin architectural design contribute to the successful solution of this problem. Lighting conditions determine the correct perception of the compositional rhythm, the proportions and depth of the premises, plastics and color finishes of the surface.The concept of a light environment includes the integral coordination of the components of natural and artificial lighting, considered in unity and interaction. The progressive reception of integrated (combined) lighting is dictated by social need and is reflected in improving the quality of lighting and in saving resources for the design and construction of buildings and structures.Modern advances in the field of fundamental and natural sciences allow us to improve the methods and means of research and forecasting in the knowledge of the complex interaction of man and the environment. The main task is to optimize the light environment in architecture with the rational use of energy and natural resources.The analysis of scientific works and design practice of architectural firms of Ukraine allowed us to identify a number of unresolved issues (in the aspect of accounting and solving the problem of the comfort of the lighting environment in architecture): 1) black-and-white shaping as a specific tool for architectural composition to achieve plastic expressiveness and as a tool for the architect’s creativity; 2) in the process of developing the facades of buildings for various purposes, the relation to the functional and formative function of light is traced; 3) theeffect of sunlight on interior spaces; 4) the effect of sunlight on residents in high-rise residential buildings. The problem of creating a comfortable lighting environment in European architecture has not been comprehensively considered to date, which served as the basis for analysis and discussion in this work.The comfort of the light environment is lighting, it is the light formation of the interior spaces of architectural objects. The comfort of the lighting environment can satisfy people in the interior according to many requirements, divided into qualitative and quantitative categories.Quantitative categories are determined by the level of necessary illumination. Qualitative categories are determined by the spectral composition of light and its distribution in space.

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