scholarly journals Features of herpetofauna dynamics in the Nature Reserve «Dniprovsko-Orilsky» under conditions of climate change

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-61
Author(s):  
V. Ya. Gasso ◽  
S. V. Yermolenko ◽  
V. M. Kochet ◽  
A. M. Hagut ◽  
O. Ye. Pakhomov
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Middle Part ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Pond Turtle ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
The Impact

The Nature Reserve «Dniprovsky-Orilsky» occupies unique ecosystems of the floodplain of the middle part of the Dnieper River, where the medium-flooded forests (black poplar and willow forests, elm-Tatarian maple oakeries, and pine forests at the sandy second terrace) predominate. Marshy, wet and dry meadows, sandy steppes, salt marshes, floodplain lakes and isles support the diversity of habitats. Reptiles, like ectothermic organisms, are known to be sensitive to temperature and humidity, which are directly influenced by climate change. Due to the variety of species and their habitats’ conditions, it is important to study the possible effects of climate change on each species and each place of their residence separately. Studies in more or less natural conditions of the Reserve allow minimizing the impact of the anthropogenic factors on the number and diversity of species. To produce accurate inventories we use the method of linear transects created at survey sites modified by Dinesman and Kaletskaya (1952) with a width of transects up to 3 meters. The length of the survey route depended on the availability for an accountant, but was not less than 1.0 km in all cases. The surveys were conducted during the period of maximum daily activity of reptiles in the spring-summer period on specified routes. The density of reptiles was described as the number of individuals per hectare of an averaged ecosystem. In aquatic and wetland ecosystems, the population density of European pond turtle and dice snake were determined as a number of specimens per 1 km of the waterbody’s bankline. During almost 30 years of observation, eight reptile species have been registered on the territory of the Dniprovsky-Orilsky Nature Reserve, among which three species (Coronella austriaca, Natrix tessellata and Dolichophis caspius) have been recorded in the last decade. In recent years (since 1972), the average increase in the temperature of the surface air layer in Ukraine was more than 1 °С. In winter, in the central regions of the country, the highest increase in the average monthly air temperature is observed. The excess reaches 2 °C and more. Climatic changes can be the reason for the invasion and the number growth of the dice snake and the appearance of the Caspian whipsnake within the Reserve. In the context of general climate change, there is a tendency to reduce the population density of the pond turtle, sand lizard and grass snake. At the same time, there is a gradual increase in the number of steppe vipers. Preserving current temperature trends in the coming years can create favourable conditions for another reptile species – the blotched snake (Elaphe sauromates) – to penetrate into the Reserve, but also negatively affect the hygrophilic species. Increasing the risk of summer fires in the Nature Reserve «Dniprovsky-Orilsky» is one of the most threatening factors for the conservation of the terrestrial biota, including reptiles.

scholarly journals Geoinformation Technologies in Support of Environmental Hazards Monitoring under Climate Change: An Extensive Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Andreas Tsatsaris ◽  
Kleomenis Kalogeropoulos ◽  
Nikolaos Stathopoulos ◽  
Panagiota Louka ◽  
Konstantinos Tsanakas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Environmental Hazards ◽  
Geographic Information ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Spatial Data Analysis ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Geospatial Technologies ◽  
Main Challenge ◽  
The Impact

Human activities and climate change constitute the contemporary catalyst for natural processes and their impacts, i.e., geo-environmental hazards. Globally, natural catastrophic phenomena and hazards, such as drought, soil erosion, quantitative and qualitative degradation of groundwater, frost, flooding, sea level rise, etc., are intensified by anthropogenic factors. Thus, they present rapid increase in intensity, frequency of occurrence, spatial density, and significant spread of the areas of occurrence. The impact of these phenomena is devastating to human life and to global economies, private holdings, infrastructure, etc., while in a wider context it has a very negative effect on the social, environmental, and economic status of the affected region. Geospatial technologies including Geographic Information Systems, Remote Sensing—Earth Observation as well as related spatial data analysis tools, models, databases, contribute nowadays significantly in predicting, preventing, researching, addressing, rehabilitating, and managing these phenomena and their effects. This review attempts to mark the most devastating geo-hazards from the view of environmental monitoring, covering the state of the art in the use of geospatial technologies in that respect. It also defines the main challenge of this new era which is nothing more than the fictitious exploitation of the information produced by the environmental monitoring so that the necessary policies are taken in the direction of a sustainable future. The review highlights the potential and increasing added value of geographic information as a means to support environmental monitoring in the face of climate change. The growth in geographic information seems to be rapidly accelerated due to the technological and scientific developments that will continue with exponential progress in the years to come. Nonetheless, as it is also highlighted in this review continuous monitoring of the environment is subject to an interdisciplinary approach and contains an amount of actions that cover both the development of natural phenomena and their catastrophic effects mostly due to climate change.

scholarly journals Enviromental factors as the elements determing the development of floating homes

2021 ◽  
pp. 41-51
Author(s):  
Emilia MISZEWSKA ◽  
Maciej NIEDOSTATKIEWICZ ◽  
Radosław WIŚNIEWSKI
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
North America ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Significant Role ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
The State ◽  
Land Prices ◽  
The Impact

The popularity of Floating Homes in Western Europe and North America is noticeable. The interest in these facilities in Poland is also constantly growing. The popularity of Floating Homes is due to climate change, rising land prices and population density in city centers. However, environmental factors play a significant role in their development. The publication presents the results of research on the impact of environmental factors on the development of Floating Homes in Poland. As part of the research, the most important environmental factors were identified and then, using the State of the Surroundings Scenarios (SSS) method, an initial scenario of their development was developed. The most probable scenario was developed, the purpose of which was to identify the most favorable factors - strengths and unfavorable factors - weaknesses responsible for the development opportunities of Floating Homes in Poland. Additionally, a surprise scenario was prepared, which indicated factors that may unexpectedly accelerate the development of Floating Homes in Poland or slow it down.

scholarly journals To the study of herpetofauna of "Yelanetskyi steppe" nature reserve and adjoined territоries

2019 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
O. Nekrasova ◽  
O. Marushchak ◽  
O. Oskyrko
Keyword(s):  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Original Data ◽  
Natural Habitats ◽  
Amphibian Species ◽  
Marsh Frog ◽  
Pond Turtle ◽  
Green Toad ◽  
Reptile Species ◽  
Sand Lizard ◽  
The Common

As a result of monitoring research conducted in 2015-2017 on the territory of the nature reserve “Yelanetskyi steppe" and adjacent areas, 5 amphibian species (fire-bellied toad, green toad, common spadefoot, marsh frog, H. arborea) and 7 species of reptiles (sand lizard, green lizard, blotched snake, large whipsnake, grass snake, dice snake, pond turtle). The presence of some of the species specified in the project of the reserve creation, namely pond turtle, green lizard, large whipsnake, steppe viper, common toad and common newt has not been confirmed on the reserve's territory. The presence of 8 species was registered directly on the territory of the reserve, and another 4 species were registered in the vicinity of the rivers Gromokliya and Gniloy Yelanets. The most numerous among the identified amphibians are the semi-terrestrial species, such as the common spadefoot and the marsh frog. Sand lizard is the most widespread reptile species within the reserve territory and its population is characterized by an exceptional variety of coloration morphology. It should be noted that for more than a 30-year period a unique numerous population of the blotched snake has been preserved here. According to original data, more than two dozen snake specimens were registered in the vicinity of the Rosa beam. Due to climatic changes, it is proposed to expand the reserve's territory in ecotone river areas where there are finds of blotched snakes and large whipsnakes (RBU, 2009), green lizards (RBU, 2009) and pond turtles (IUCN (LR/NT)) to conserve biodiversity and protect rare species. In particular, the expansion of the boundaries of the reserve is necessary in the context of climate change, as it leads to a shift in the natural habitats of certain amphibian and reptile species, and is also an important step towards the expansion of the Emerald Network of Ukraine

scholarly journals Statistical assessment of the impact of climate change on social and demographic processes (on the example of the Yaroslavl region)

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 57-66
Author(s):  
V. V. Zholudeva
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Crop Yields ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Statistical Assessment ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
Demographic Processes ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this study is to analyze current global and regional climate changes, as well as a statistical assessment of the factors that cause climate change, on the one hand, and an assessment of the impact of climate parameters on the economy, agriculture and demographic processes using the example of the Yaroslavl region, on the other hand. The study was conducted on the example of the Yaroslavl region and covers the period from 1922 to the present. First of all, the article analyzes the regulatory documents on ecology and climate change. The insufficient attention of federal and local authorities to solving the above problems, the lack of regional strategies to prevent climate change and reduce its negative consequences, which leads to the increased socio-economic risks, is noted. In order to identify factors causing climate change, a correlation and regression analysis was performed. Regression models of the dependence of crop yields on the average annual air temperature and the average annual precipitation were constructed. The statistical base of the study was compiled by the data of the Federal State Statistics Service and the territorial body of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Yaroslavl Region, as well as GISMETEO data. Processing of the research results was carried out in Microsoft Excel and SPSS.During the study, it was found that in the Yaroslavl region there is an increase in average annual and average monthly air temperatures, as well as a slight increase in precipitation, which mainly occurs due to an increase in rainfall in spring and early summer.The anthropogenic factors that cause climate change, namely the burning of fossil fuels, an increase in industrial production, an increase in the number of vehicles, as well as a change in land use and deforestation, are identified and statistically substantiated.As a result of the study, it was found that changes in climatic parameters have an impact on the economy, agriculture and demographic processes, namely: – climate change has a positive effect on agricultural production. According to studies, an increase in average air temperature is a positive factor for the agricultural sector of the Yaroslavl region, as crop yields will increase with increasing air temperature. These trends need to be considered when choosing certain varieties of crops and selecting fertilizers. Increasing the level of management and the transition to more modern technologies will have a greater effect. The efficiency and productivity of agriculture, as well as the food security of the region, will depend on these decisions; – it was found that hydro meteorological factors have a negligible effect on the growth rate of gross regional product and food production; – a statistical study showed that in the Yaroslavl region the effects of climate change on demographic processes and human health are currently insignificant.The findings can be used to develop mechanisms for adaptation to climate change and can serve as a basis for further research in the field of studying the impact of climate change on socio-economic and demographic processes in the Yaroslavl region.

scholarly journals Impacts of climate change on groundwater flooding and ecohydrology in lowland karst

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 1923-1941
Author(s):  
Patrick Morrissey ◽  
Paul Nolan ◽  
Ted McCormack ◽  
Paul Johnston ◽  
Owen Naughton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Karst Aquifer ◽  
Global Climate Models ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Extreme Flooding ◽  
Karst Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Impacts Of Climate Change

Abstract. Lowland karst aquifers can generate unique wetland ecosystems which are caused by groundwater fluctuations that result in extensive groundwater–surface water interactions (i.e. flooding). However, the complex hydrogeological attributes of these systems, linked to extremely fast aquifer recharge processes and flow through well-connected conduit networks, often present difficulty in predicting how they will respond to changing climatological conditions. This study investigates the predicted impacts of climate change on a lowland karst catchment by using a semi-distributed pipe network model of the karst aquifer populated with output from the high spatial resolution (4 km) Consortium for Small-scale Modelling Climate Lokalmodell (COSMO-CLM) regional climate model simulations for Ireland. An ensemble of projections for the future Irish climate were generated by downscaling from five different global climate models (GCMs), each based on four Representative Concentration Pathways (RCPs; RCP2.6, RCP4.5, RCP6.0 and RCP8.5) to account for the uncertainty in the estimation of future global emissions of greenhouse gases. The one-dimensional hydraulic/hydrologic karst model incorporates urban drainage software to simulate open channel and pressurised flow within the conduits, with flooding on the land surface represented by storage nodes with the same stage volume properties of the physical turlough basins. The lowland karst limestone catchment is located on the west coast of Ireland and is characterised by a well-developed conduit-dominated karst aquifer which discharges to the sea via intertidal and submarine springs. Annual above ground flooding associated with this complex karst system has led to the development of unique wetland ecosystems in the form of ephemeral lakes known as turloughs; however, extreme flooding of these features causes widespread damage and disruption in the catchment. This analysis has shown that mean, 95th and 99th percentile flood levels are expected to increase by significant proportions for all future emission scenarios. The frequency of events currently considered to be extreme is predicted to increase, indicating that more significant groundwater flooding events seem likely to become far more common. The depth and duration of flooding is of extreme importance, both from an ecological perspective in terms of wetland species distribution and for extreme flooding in terms of the disruption to homes, transport links and agricultural land inundated by flood waters. The seasonality of annual flooding is also predicted to shift later in the flooding season, which could have consequences in terms of ecology and land use in the catchment. The investigation of increasing mean sea levels, however, showed that anticipated rises would have very little impact on groundwater flooding due to the marginal impact on ebb tide outflow volumes. Overall, this study highlights the relative vulnerability of lowland karst systems to future changing climate conditions, mainly due to the extremely fast recharge which can occur in such systems. The study presents a novel and highly effective methodology for studying the impact of climate change in lowland karst systems by coupling karst hydrogeological models with the output from high-resolution climate simulations.

scholarly journals The Sharp Rise of Δ14C ca. 800 cal BC: Possible Causes, Related Climatic Teleconnections and the Impact on Human Environments

Radiocarbon ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 535-550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bas Van Geel ◽  
Johannes Van Der Plicht ◽  
M. R. Kilian ◽  
E. R. Klaver ◽  
J. H. M. Kouwenberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Cosmic Rays ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Sudden Change ◽  
Groundwater Table ◽  
List Type ◽  
Raised Bog ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
Geological Evidence ◽  
The Impact

In this study we report on accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) wiggle-match dating of selected macrofossils from organic deposits ca. 800 cal bc (ca. 2650 bp). Based on paleological, archaeological and geological evidence, we found that the sharp rise of atmospheric 14C between 850 and 760 cal bc corresponds to the following related phenomena: 1.In European raised bog deposits, the changing spectrum of peat forming mosses and a sharp decline in decomposition of the peat indicate a sudden change from relatively dry and warm to cool, moist climatic conditions.2.As a consequence of climate change, there was a fast and considerable rise of the groundwater table so that peat growth started in areas that were already marginal from a hydrological point of view.3.The rise of the groundwater table in low-lying areas of the Netherlands resulted in the abandonment of settlement sites.4.The contemporaneous earliest human colonization of newly emerged salt marshes in the northern Netherlands (after loss of cultivated land) may have been related to thermal contraction of ocean water, causing a temporary stagnation in the relative sea-level rise.Furthermore, there is evidence for synchronous climatic change in Europe and on other continents (climatic teleconnections on both hemispheres) ca. 2650 bp. We discuss reduced solar activity and the related increase of cosmic rays as a cause for the observed climatological phenomena and the contemporaneous rise in the 14C-content of the atmosphere. Cosmic rays may have been a factor in the formation of clouds and precipitation, and in that way changes in solar wind were amplified and the effects induced abrupt climate change.

scholarly journals Focus on the impact of climate change on wetland ecosystems and carbon dynamics

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 100201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Meng ◽  
Nigel Roulet ◽  
Qianlai Zhuang ◽  
Torben R Christensen ◽  
Steve Frolking
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Carbon Dynamics ◽  
Wetland Ecosystems ◽  
Impact Of Climate Change ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Population Density and Driving Factors of North China Leopards in Tie Qiao Shan Nature Reserve

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 429
Author(s):  
Mengyan Zhu ◽  
Muhammad Zaman ◽  
Meng Wang ◽  
Kasereka Vitekere ◽  
Jianzhang Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Population Density ◽  
North China ◽  
Nature Reserve ◽  
Roe Deer ◽  
Shanxi Province ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Adaptive Landscape ◽  
Panthera Pardus ◽  
The North

The North China leopard (Panthera pardus japonesis) is a rare leopard subspecies distributed only in China. In this study, we conducted camera-trap surveys of a North China Leopard population in Tie Qiao Shan Nature Reserve, Shanxi Province, China. We estimated population abundance and density distribution, and explored the effects of distribution of different prey populations, habitat, and anthropogenic factors on the spatial distribution of North China leopard density. Our results suggested that the North China leopard density was 4.23 individuals/100 km2, and that 17.98 individuals might live within the study area. The population density of the North China leopard increased with the distribution of wild boars, and, on the contrary, decreased with the distribution of roe deer. We found that habitat environmental factors and anthropogenic interference also significantly affected the population density and spatial distribution of the North China leopard. These insights informed us that in order to protect this predator, which is only distributed in China, we should adopt a comprehensive customized adaptive landscape protection strategy.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document