Forecasting the levels of trace elements and heavy metals content in soils of different genesis for the assessment of their environmental and productional functions

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 72-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Samokhvalova ◽  
Y. V. Skrylnyk ◽  
L. O. Shedey ◽  
V. I. Lopushnyak ◽  
N. V. Oliynyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Energy State ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Technogenic Pollution ◽  
Ecological Functions ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Trace Element Status ◽  
Different Types

Grounded the method for predicting of trace elements (TE) and heavy metals (HM) content in the soil system of different genesis were examined on the example of soils in different natural-climatic zones of Ukraine, contaminated soils in Kharkiv, Donetsk and Lugansk regions, and intensive fertilizer (organo-mineral, organic and mineral system of fertilizers) of soils in Kiev, Kharkiv, Poltava and Lviv region. In the developed methodical approach by using the parameters indicators of the energy state of the soil (calorific value of humus, the reserves of energy in the soil layer of 0–20 cm) using mathematical models and the spread of the algorithm of the method on other soil types of a particular natural-climatic zone in the conditions of technogenic pollution and technological load is predicted the TE and/or HM content in soils of different types, which ensures the rapidity of the assessment and improve the accuracy of the trace element status prediction, energy and humus state of soils of different genesis with the identification of soils ecological differences to predict their quality by assessment of ecological functions for the ranking of energy intensity indicators of the soil. Scientific elaboration of a method for predicting levels of chemical elements in soils of different types on the natural environment, the effects of man-made pollution and technological load, should be used in the environmental regulation of the TE content and normalization of loads (technogenic, technological) on the soil system, agroecology on issues of organic farming, bioenergy and energy of soil formation; diagnosis, estimation, prediction of humus quality and the of TE status and the danger of excessive accumulation of HM in the soil for indicators of the energy state; the effective environmental management of soils as in natural conditions, and the influence of various anthropogenic factors, taking into account their ecological functions; in research practice – for system research of natural components of the biosphere, the assessment of carbon sequestration in soils and assess of their quality. Distinctive features and advantages of the proposed elaboration in comparison with known methods and approaches are: greater predictability of energy and trace element status, humus and ecological state of the soil as a whole to prevent the degradation of soil organic matter and reduction of risks of influence of HM technogenic pollution; rapidity of obtaining and improving the accuracy of the predictions of the HM and TE content in the soil; universality way to suitability of the method for all soil types in different climatic zones; stimulating further research in the field of energy of soil formation and solution of practical tasks of conservation and restoration of soils functions, identification optimal energy cost and taking into account the ecological functions of soil certain type.

scholarly journals Prediction of soil fertility considering their macronutrient status

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 5-20
Author(s):  
V. L. Samokhvalova ◽  
A. O. Khristenko ◽  
L. O. Shedey ◽  
P. A. Samokhvalova ◽  
O. V. Karatsuba
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Total Nitrogen ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Total Nitrogen Content ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Climatic Zones

The method for prediction of productive functions of soils, according to their macronutrient status, is grounded on the example of the total concentrations of nitrogen as biogenic macronutrient in different soil types of Polesie, Forest-Steppe and Steppe climatic zones of Ukraine including soils contaminated by heavy metals and fertilized (organic-mineral, organic and mineral system of fertilizer) soils. In the elaborated methodical approach the productive function (fertility) of different genesis soils forecasts by establishing new relationships of total nitrogen content with a humus calorific value, the energy reserves of the soil in layer up to 20 cm, the application of mathematical-statistical analysis. For example, according to the total nitrogen content as a biogenic macronutrient in accordance with the fixed gradations, with a further extension of the method algorithm for different soil types of climatic zones by the influence of technogenic pollution and technological load. The technical result of the elaborated method is to improve the known method of soil fertility prediction, considering their macronutrient status, by the selective choice of the most correlation associated, diagnostics capable of integral indicators of the energy and nitrogen status of the soil, which enhances the informativeness, accuracy and quick speed forecasting of production and ecological functions of different genesis soils with the identification of differences in ecological condition of soils for prediction and regulation of their quality. The elaborated methodological approach may find application in the assessment and ecological standardization of soil quality by chemical elements content, regulation of loads (technogenic, technological) on a soil system, in agroecology by investigating the question of soil fertility monitoring, lands certification of different purpose and use; organic farming, bioenergy and energy of soil formation; diagnosis, evaluation, determination of quality of humus and the state of the chemical elements; in environmental management of soils both for background conditions and different anthropogenic impacts and in research practice – investigating the biogeochemistry and nutrient macronutrients of the soil cover. Distinctive features and advantages of the proposed elaboration in comparison with known methods and approaches are: 1) express obtain of the accurate by predicted levels of total nitrogen content as a nutrient in the soil with the improving of the soil diagnosis accuracy by establishing some interconnected diagnostically suitable indicators of soils humus substances and nitrogen systems functioning, the direction of the mobilization and immobilization of nutrients (C, N) processes, the humification-mineralization and energy intensity of soils, including the negative impacts of anthropogenic pressures and degradation processes; 2) providing the opportunity for increasing effectiveness of predicting data on the functioning of the nitrogen systems of different genesis soils, environmental and energy state of soil and level of their potential fertility due to the background conditions, the application of different fertilization systems, and risk the availability of heavy metals pollution while minimizing the consumption of material resources; 3) expansion of the user’s ability to determine the total nitrogen content in the soil without long-term chemical analytical research due to the choice of regression equations obtained on the basis of the use of baseline soil properties of a certain type and subtype, according to available information; 4) versatility due to suitability of installed dependencies of the proposed method for all soil types and subtypes, climatic zones and contaminants.

scholarly journals Forecasting the levels of chemical elements content in soils of different genesis for the assessment of their eco-energy status

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 23-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. L. Samokhvalova ◽  
Y. V. Skrylnyk ◽  
V. I. Lopushnyak ◽  
L. O. Shedey ◽  
P. A. Samokhvalova
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Elements ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Energy State ◽  
Accurate Determination ◽  
Soil Layer ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Humus State

Grounded the new elaborated method for predicting of trace elements (TE) and heavy metals (HM) content in the soils of different genesis, which was elaborated by analysis the indicators parameters of their organic matter and energy characteristics in different natural-climatic zones of Ukraine, also of contaminated and intensive fertilizer soils. The method aims for the assessment of soils ecological-energy state due to the installation of the new natural relations of indicators humus, energy and elemental status of soils of different types, as a result, expanding the range of diagnostic indicators with identifing their paired combinations and simultaneously increasing of informativeness, accuracy, express testing of chemical elements (TE, HM) predicting levels, energy and humus state of soils to predict and ecological regulation of their quality. The essence of the elaborated utility model – by the identify of new patterns of soil properties indicators and receive four matching pairs of humus (CGA/CFA, Ctotal), elemental and energy state (calorific value of humus, the reserves of energy in the soil layer of 0–20 cm) as soil indicators with the using of mathematical-statistical analysis of the obtained regression equations for the accurate determination is predicted the TE and HM content in soils of different types of background conditions, with the distribution algorithm of the method for different soil types in certain climate zones in the conditions of technogenic pollution and technological load, risk and the presence of man-made pollution to make timely management decisions. Elaborated method ensures the rapidity of the assessment and improves the accuracy of the TE/HM status prediction, energy and humus state of soils of different genesis with the identification of soils ecological differences to predict their quality by assessment of ecological functions for the ranking of energy intensity indicators of the soil. The method is applicable in the environmental regulation of TE and HM content, regulation of the loads (technogenic, technological) on a soil system, agroecology to address issues of biological agriculture, bio-energy and energy of soil formation; monitoring the quality of humus and the status TE and the dangers of excess accumulation of HM, in the soil humus indicators and /or energy state; efficient environmental management of soils, both in background conditions and with different anthropogenic impacts and in the research practice. Grounded the method was examined on the of soils simples in different natural-climatic zones of Ukraine, contaminated soils in Kharkiv, Donetsk and Lugansk regions, and intensive fertilizer (organo-mineral, organic and mineral system of fertilizers) of soils in Kiev, Kharkiv, Poltava and Lviv region.

scholarly journals Morphological properties of underwater soils of river deltas

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Tkachenko ◽  
M. N. Kozachuk ◽  
O. V. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Aquatic Vegetation ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Difference

The results of the study of the morphological properties of underwater soils in the deltas of the Volga, Don and Kuban rivers are shown. This paper is based on field descriptions of profiles of underwater soils found in deltas. Genetic horizons have been identified, their basic properties (pH, Eh, electrical conductivity, grain size composition, organic carbon content) have been studied and the main types of soils, which are formed under different types of sedimentation and under different types of aquatic vegetation, have been described. Names of horizons and types of soils are given due to the classification of underwater soils (aquazems) of the Volga delta, that had been proposed previously. The diversity of underwater soils of three deltas has been studied, and the properties of the same soil types formed in different deltas have been compared. The features of underwater soils formation are described; the difference between the factors of underwater and terrestrial soil formation is discussed. It is shown that the number of occurring soil types depends on the diversity of the emerging types of aquatic landscapes and the contrast of the conditions of migration and accumulation of matter. Necessary conditions for the forming of underwater soils and the possibility of relating bottom sediments to soil formations are discussed. Our results are indicative of the need of studying bottom sediments with soil-like profile from the standpoint of soil science and the inclusion of aquazems into the modern Russian soil classification.

Effects of heavy metals on soil invertase enzyme activity in different soil types

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Rajesh K. Verma ◽  
Dharam Veer Yadav ◽  
Chandra Pal Singh ◽  
Archna Suman ◽  
Asha Gaur
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Soil Types

scholarly journals A yeast metabolome-based model for an ecotoxicological approach in the management of lignocellulosic ethanol stillage

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 180718 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luca Roscini ◽  
Lorenzo Favaro ◽  
Laura Corte ◽  
Lorenzo Cagnin ◽  
Claudia Colabella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Predictive Model ◽  
Lignocellulosic Ethanol ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Inhibitor Concentration ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ecotoxicological Bioassay

Lignocellulosic bioethanol production results in huge amounts of stillage, a potentially polluting by-product. Stillage, rich in heavy metals and, mainly, inhibitors, requires specific toxicity studies to be adequately managed. To this purpose, we applied an FTIR ecotoxicological bioassay to evaluate the toxicity of lignocellulosic stillage. Two weak acids and furans, most frequently found in lignocellulosic stillage, have been tested in different mixtures against three Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains. The metabolomic reaction of the test microbes and the mortality induced at various levels of inhibitor concentration showed that the strains are representative of three different types of response. Furthermore, the relationship between concentrations and FTIR synthetic stress indexes has been studied, with the aim of defining a model able to predict the concentrations of inhibitors in stillage, resulting in an optimized predictive model for all the strains. This approach represents a promising tool to support the ecotoxicological management of lignocellulosic stillage.

scholarly journals Impact of industrial effluents on ground water and soil quality in the vicinity of industrial area of Panipat city, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 132-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pawan K. Bharti ◽  
Pawan Kumar ◽  
Vijender Singh
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Agricultural Soil ◽  
Heavy Metal Contamination ◽  
Industrial Effluents ◽  
Industrial Area ◽  
Soil System ◽  
Transfer Factors ◽  
Agricultural Plant

The present paper is aimed towards the assessment of heavy metal contamination of agricultural soil due to irrigation with contaminated ground water affected by textile industrial effluents at Panipat city in India. Samples of ground water and irrigated soils from textile industrial area were analyzed for various heavy metals, viz. Mn, Ni, Fe, Cu, Cd, Pb and Zn, using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry. Metal transfer factors from ground water to irrigated agricultural soil and from soil to ground water were calculated for heavy metals. The findings deal with the distribution of heavy metals in ground water of industrial area and irrigated agricultural soil. Transfer factors for heavy metals from effluent to ground water were observed to be 0.436, 1.180, 6.461, 2.401, 2.790, 3.178 and 0.634 for Cd, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn respectively. These were found to be very high from ground water to agriculture soil due to the natural shale value of heavy metals in soil system. Thus, untreated industrial effluents can cause an environmental threat to ground water resources and affects soil quality and agricultural plant productivity.

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