scholarly journals Effect of implants of hydroxyapatite with tricalcium phosphates alloyed with Si on histomorphological and biochemical parameters in cases of bone defects of rabbits

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-288
Author(s):  
V. O. Chemerovskiy ◽  
M. V. Rublenko ◽  
S. V. Rublenko ◽  
N. V. Ulanchych ◽  
S. O. Firstov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Spongy Bone ◽  
Diaphyseal Bone ◽  
Bone Trabeculae

Complex comminuted fractures are accompanied by development of bone defects and loss of reparative potential of the bone tissue in the region of the trauma. This brings the necessity of using implants with optimum osteoconductive and osteointegration properties. The objective of the study was determining the condition of biochemical bone markers and peculiarities of histomorphological changes under the influence of ceramic hydroxyapatite (HA) implants with various physical-chemical properties in the conditions of diaphyseal bone defects in rabbits. We composed control and experimental groups of rabbits with 10 individuals in each with diaphyseal bone defects (3 mm) of the radial bones formed under general anesthesia. In one experimental group, they were filled with granules of hydroxyapatite with α-tricalcium phosphate, and in the second group – with β-tricalcium phosphate, alloyed with Si. In the control rabbits, the defects healed under a blood clot. Blood was analyzed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st and 42nd days, and as reference we used biochemical parameters of blood of clinically healthy rabbits (n = 10). Bone biopsied materials were taken on days 21–42 under general anesthesia. When using hydroxyapatite with β-tricalcium phosphate, alloyed with Si, we determined early intensification of the levels of nitrogen oxide, angiogenesis and development of bone regenerate in conditions of shortening of inflammatory resorption phase, which was verified according to the level of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase. According to the level of bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase in the blood serum of animals of the control group, the reparative osteogenesis developed slowly and peaked on day 42, whereas in animals implanted with α-tricalcium phosphate, its development peaked peaked on days 14–42, and when using Si-alloy – on days 7–14. Histomorphologically, on the 21st day, in the case of replacement of bone defect with hydroxyapatite with α-tricalcium phosphate, coarse-fibered type of bone regenerate developed with no dense contact with the elements of the regenerate, while spongy bone trabeculae occurred when hydroxyapatite was applied with β-tricalcium phosphate alloyed with Si, and the control rabbits were observed to be in the stage of cartilaginous callus. On the 42nd day, under the influence of implants of hydroxyapatite with α-tricalcium phosphate, the spongy bone tissue transformed into compact tissue with further mineralization. With implants alloyed with Si, there occurred compact bone tissue, and bone regenerates of the control animals were regions of coarse-fibered and spongy bone tissue without dense contact with the parent bone. This study revealed that hydroxyapatite with β-tricalcium phosphate alloyed with Si had notable osteoinductive and osteointegrating properties, as indicated by early angiogenesis and osteoblast reaction, positive dynamics of the marker biochemical parameters with faster and better development of bone regenerate as spongy bone trabeculae.

scholarly journals Early Results of the Study of Reparative Peculiarities of Various Osteoplastic Materials in Experimental Bone Defects

2017 ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
K. A. Egiazaryan ◽  
G. D. Lazishvili ◽  
K. I. Akmataliev ◽  
A. P. Ettinger ◽  
A. P. Rat’Ev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Sulphate ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Spongy Bone ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement ◽  
Bone Trabeculae ◽  
Osteoplastic Material

Purpose. To determine the optimum osteoplastic material for activation of reparative osteogenesis and substitution of traumatic defects in metaepiphyseal spongy bone tissue.Material and methods.Comparative experimental morphological study was performed on 12 matured male Chinchilla rabbits with body weight 2500-2800g. A model of critical defects of spongy bone tissue was used. Bone defects were filled with 3 types of osteoplastic material: composite calcium sulphate bone cement; xenogenous hydroxyapatite-based material with granulated paste of synthetic peptides (P-15); β-tricalcium phosphate-based material with gauging liquid (calcium phosphate bone cement).Results.Implantation of calcium sulphate bone cement showed rapid osteogenesis stimulation at terms 1.5 months and reduction of newly formed bone tissue mass by 3rd month due to active resorption of the residual material. Implantation of hydroxyapatite-based material with P-15 resulted in osteogenesis stimulation on its surface however because of its mechanical instability and absence of active resorption of that material only a moderate formation of bone trabeculae was observed. At implantation of β-tricalcium phosphate-based material an active resorption of osteoplastic material, formation of trabecular system and its reorganization into trabecular network of femoral metaepiphyseal spongy bone accompanied by the formation of mature bone trabeculae was noted by month 3.Conclusion. Mechanical stability of osteoplastic material and subsequent gradual resorption as well as formation of mature bine trabeculae indicates the efficacy of β-tricalcium phosphate-based material.

scholarly journals Early Results of the Study of Reparative Peculiarities of Various Osteoplastic Materials in Experimental Bone Defects

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
K. A Egiazaryan ◽  
G. D Lazishvili ◽  
K. I Akmataliev ◽  
A. P Ettinger ◽  
A. P Rat’ev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Cement ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Calcium Sulphate ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Spongy Bone ◽  
Early Results ◽  
Calcium Phosphate Bone Cement ◽  
Bone Trabeculae ◽  
Osteoplastic Material

Purpose. To determine the optimum osteoplastic material for activation of reparative osteogenesis and substitution of traumatic defects in metaepiphyseal spongy bone tissue. Material and methods. Comparative experimental morphological study was performed on 12 matured male Chinchilla rabbits with body weight 2500-2800g. A model of critical defects of spongy bone tissue was used. Bone defects were filled with 3 types of osteoplastic material: composite calcium sulphate bone cement; xenogenous hydroxyapatite-based material with granulated paste of synthetic peptides (P-15); β-tricalcium phosphate-based material with gauging liquid (calcium phosphate bone cement). Results. Implantation of calcium sulphate bone cement showed rapid osteogenesis stimulation at terms 1.5 months and reduction of newly formed bone tissue mass by 3rd month due to active resorption of the residual material. Implantation of hydroxyapatite-based material with P-15 resulted in osteogenesis stimulation on its surface however because of its mechanical instability and absence of active resorption of that material only a moderate formation of bone trabeculae was observed. At implantation of β-tricalcium phosphate-based material an active resorption of osteoplastic material, formation of trabecular system and its reorganization into trabecular network of femoral metaepiphyseal spongy bone accompanied by the formation of mature bone trabeculae was noted by month 3. Conclusion. Mechanical stability of osteoplastic material and subsequent gradual resorption as well as formation of mature bine trabeculae indicates the efficacy of β-tricalcium phosphate-based material.

scholarly journals Dynamics of biochemical bone and endothelial parameters during the replacement of bone defects in dogs with hydroxyapatite ceramic doped with silicon

2021 ◽  
pp. 191-200
Author(s):  
M. Rublenko ◽  
V. Chemerovskіy ◽  
V. Vlasenko ◽  
N. Ulyanchich ◽  
P. Klimenko
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Biochemical Study ◽  
Blood Clot ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Hydroxyapatite Ceramic ◽  
Reparative Osteogenesis ◽  
Fracture Consolidation

Metal structures for osteosynthesis available in veterinary orthopedics are not able to compensate for the lost elements of bone tissue in complex splinter fractures. It is prompt the use of hydroxyappatite materials that replaced bone defects for maintenance of osteoconductive function, and ideally would combine osteointegration and osteoinductive properties. However, their influence on the biological processes of fracture consolidation which go through a number of successive stages and end with the formation of bone tissue in the fracture zone identical to the maternal, is insufficiently substantiated according to the criteria of the molecular biological phase of reparative osteogenesis. The aim of the study was to investigate the dynamics of biochemical osteotropic parameters and the level of NO using silicon-doped ceramics for fractures heeling in dogs. Materials and methods. The animals suffering of fractures that were admitted to the faculty clinic were divided into control (n=7) and experimental (n=7) groups. In both groups, extracortical osteosynthesis was performed with a support plate from an unalloyed titanium alloy. In the control group, bone defects were left to heal under spontaneous blood clot, and in the experimental group, they were replaced with ceramic based on hydroxyapatite with β-tricalciumphosphate doped with silicon (HA/β-TCP/l-Si–3).Blood samples were taken after the injury no later than the 48th day, and on the 3th, 12th, 21th, 42th and 60th days after osteosynthesis. To increase the objectivity of the biochemical analysis, we additionally formed a group of clinically healthy dogs that were admitted to the clinic for routine vaccination (n=10). It included the spectrophotometric determination of the content of NO, BALP, TRACP, Ca, P, Mg, total protein in blood serum, and fibrinogen in blood plasma. Research results. A clinical study showed that in the case of using HA/β-TCP/l-Si–3for splinter fractures, the stages of reparative osteogenesis are more optimized in time, and their consolidation occurs on average 19 days earlier than in the control group. The results of the biochemical study showed that when using HA/β-TCP/l-Si–3, it is accompanied by a peak NO value already on the third day, which is significantly higher than in the control group and indicates early angiogenesis in the research group. In terms of TRACP, the period of osteoresorption in the control group was permanent with little expressed peaks of activity. However, in the research group, the peak of TRACP activity is limited to 12 and 21 days, which is evidence of an optimized inflammatoryresorptive phase. In parallel with this, the activity of BALP increases, which indicates the consistency of the stages of reparative osteogenesis and provides an optimized and accelerated consolidation of fractures in the research group. Conclusion. The dynamics of NO, BALP and TRACP pathochemically substantiates the optimized reparative osteogenesis when using HA/β-TCP/l-Si–3 for bone defects replacement in cases of splinter fractures of tubular bones. Key words: bone markers, bone isoenzyme of alkaline phosphatase, NO, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, fibrinogen, calcium, phosphorus.

The Role of Bone Grafts in Preventing Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Histomorphometric, Immunohistochemical, and Clinical Evaluation in Animal Model

2021 ◽  
pp. 194338752110483
Author(s):  
Jonathan Ribeiro da Silva ◽  
Maria Cristina de Moraes Balbas ◽  
Caroline Águeda Corrêa ◽  
Manuella Zanela ◽  
Roberta Okamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Graft ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Grafts ◽  
Osteonecrosis Of The Jaw ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bovine Bone ◽  
Beta Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Group I

Objective: To evaluate the effects of inorganic bovine bone graft (Lumina Bone, Criteria, Brazil) and beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) graft (ChronOS, Synthes, Brazil) in rats with the risk of developing post-extraction medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Methods: Eighteen male Wistar rats weighing 350 to 450 g were induced to develop MRONJ using zoledronic acid for 5 weeks. In the sixth week, the right maxillary first molar was extracted. The animals in Group I (G1) did not receive bone grafts after tooth extraction, while Group II (G2) animals received inorganic bovine bone grafts, and Group III (G3) animals received beta-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) grafts. Clinical evaluation and histomorphometric and immunohistochemical analyses were performed. ANOVA and Tukey’s statistical tests were used and a level of significance was considered to be 5%. Results: In the clinical evaluation, animals from G2 and G3 did not present clinical manifestations of osteonecrosis, unlike the control group (G1) animals, which presented necrotic bone tissue exposure in all samples. In the histomorphometric evaluation, animals in G3 showed greater formation of bone tissue (66%) and less formation of bone lacuna (18%) than animals in G1 (58%/32%) and in G2 (59%/27%) ( P < 0.05). Moderate (++) immunostaining was observed in G2 and G3 for RANKL, TRAP, and OC, while G1 showed moderate (++) labeling for OC and mild (+) immunostaining for TRAP and RANKL. Conclusions: Greater formation of bone tissue and fewer bone lacunae were found in animals treated with β-TCP. In clinical evaluation, bone graft groups presented with the clinical manifestation of MRONJ and showed higher intensity of immunostaining for TRAP and RANKL. Despite the limitations of experimental animal studies, the results of this work may assist in the development of future clinical research for the prevention of MRONJ.

scholarly journals Histopathological evaluation of polycaprolactone nanocomposite compared with tricalcium phosphate in bone healing

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 385-394 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Eftekhari ◽  
Alireza Jahandideh ◽  
Ahmad Asghari ◽  
Abolfazl Akbarzadeh ◽  
Saeed Hesaraki
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Bone Healing ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Bone Scaffolds ◽  
Modern Engineering ◽  
And Control

AbstractIntroductionIn recent years, the use of bone scaffolds as bone tissue substitutes, especially the use of such as hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate, has been very popular. Today, the use of modern engineering techniques and advances in nanotechnology have expanded the use of nanomaterials as bone scaffolds for bone tissue applications.Material and MethodsThis study was performed on 60 adult male New Zealand rabbits divided into four experimental groups: the control group without any treatment, the second group receiving hydroxyapatite, the third group treated with β-tricalcium phosphate, and the fourth group receiving nanocomposite polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold. In a surgical procedure, a defect 6 mm in diameter was made in a hind limb femur. Four indexes were used to assess histopathology, which were union index, spongiosa index, cortex index, and bone marrow.ResultsThe results showed that nanocomposite PCL and control groups always had the respective highest and lowest values among all the groups at all time intervals. The histopathological assessment demonstrated that the quantity of newly formed lamellar bone in the nanocomposite PCL group was higher than in other groups.ConclusionAll these data suggest that PCL had positive effects on the bone healing process, which could have great potential in tissue engineering and clinical applications.

Change of Biomechanical Parameters in the Lower Jaws of Rabbits with Experimental Osteoporosis after Implantation of Calcium-Phosphate Bioceramic Material in the Greater Trochanter Region

2016 ◽  
Vol 721 ◽  
pp. 224-228
Author(s):  
Girts Salms ◽  
Vladislavs Ananjevs ◽  
Vladimirs Kasyanovs ◽  
Andrejs Skagers ◽  
Ilze Salma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Strontium Ranelate ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Greater Trochanter ◽  
Lower Jaw ◽  
Experimental Osteoporosis ◽  
Rabbit Bone ◽  
Biomechanical Parameters

Investigation of biomechanical properties of the rabbit bone tissue from a corner of the lower jaw was done. Experimental osteoporosis was induced by ovariectomy and following injections of methylprednisolone. The defects in the greater trochanter region was created and filled with granules of a hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate (HAP/TCP 30/70) or HAP/TCP 30/70 together with 5% strontium ranelate. After 3 month animals were euthanased, squared samples have been cut out from a corner of the lower jaw and tested on a bend. Results of research show, that the corner of a lower jaw in rabbit becomes more rigid after filling of defects in the greater trochanter region with granules of a hydroxyapatite and tricalcium phosphate (HAP/TCP 30/70) or granules together with strontium ranelate. The ultimate strain for the bone tissue in the 2nd and 3rd group is less, than for control group. Thus, local uses calcium – phosphatic bioceramic material around the greater trochanter region improves biomechanical parameters of a bone tissue in the lower jaw of animals.

Reconstruction of Cranial Bone Defects Using a Compound of Bone Marrow Stromal Cells and Hydroxyapatite-Tricalcium Phosphate

2008 ◽  
Vol 368-372 ◽  
pp. 1235-1237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Liu ◽  
Run Liang Chen ◽  
Yun Feng Lin ◽  
Wei Dong Tian ◽  
Sheng Wei Li
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Bone Tissue Engineering ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Marrow Stromal Cells ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Marrow Stromal Cells

Hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HA-TCP) is a new kind of material which shows good biocompatibility, biological degradability, and porosity. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of HA-TCP as a bone tissue engineering scaffold. In this study, critical size cranial defects were reconstructed with compounds of autogenous bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) and HA-TCP. The resulting grafts were examined by X-ray, histological examination, semi-quantitative analysis of osteogenesis, immunochemical examination (collagen type I and III), scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The results showed that HA-TCP is a good bone tissue engineering scaffold and BMSCs/HA-TCP is a promising technique for reconstruction of bone defects.

Effects of 3D Printing Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-Hydroxyapatite Scaffolds on Femoral Defect Restoration and Serum Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 1499-1506
Author(s):  
Cunjin Wang ◽  
Jianjun Yang ◽  
Cheng Gao ◽  
Zhongyuan Wu ◽  
Yan Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Glycolic Acid ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Bending Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tartrate Resistant Acid Phosphatase ◽  
Trap Level ◽  
Serum Factors

Many researches aim at materials promoting osteogenesis, but few of these articles focus on serum. Here, we made Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-Hydroxyapatite (PLGA/HA) scaffolds using 3D printing technology, and evaluated the effect of scaffolds promoting osteogenesis by serum detection and other tests. Sixty Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were selected to grind out a 4 mm long fullthickness bone defect of the bilateral femurs and were randomly divided into a PLGA/HA group which implanted with PLGA/HA scaffolds and a control group with no scaffolds implanted. Bone specimens and serum were collected on the 3rd day and 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th week after operation and then detected respectively. Three-point bending test indicated that the bone strength of the control group was significantly lower than the PLGA/HA group in the later stage of the experiment. In terms of serum indexes, the calcium (Ca) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) expressions were much higher in the PLGA/HA group, while the tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) level in the PLGA/HA group was lower in the early stage of the experiment. The level of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) in the PLGA/HA group was significantly higher than that of the control group on the 1st, 2nd, and 4th weeks. These results revealed that 3D printing PLGA/HA scaffolds can effectively promote bone tissue formation and inhibit bone absorption. The scaffold has a good potential application prospect at clinic as a kind of bone tissue engineering material.

scholarly journals Utilizing Autologous Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells andβ-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold in Human Bone Defects: A Prospective, Controlled Feasibility Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Šponer ◽  
Stanislav Filip ◽  
Tomáš Kučera ◽  
Jindra Brtková ◽  
Karel Urban ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Tricalcium Phosphate ◽  
Bone Defects ◽  
Feasibility Trial ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Trial Group ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of this prospective controlled study was to compare healing quality following the implantation of ultraporousβ-tricalcium phosphate, containing either expanded autologous mesenchymal stromal cells (trial group, 9 patients) orβ-tricalcium phosphate alone (control group, 9 patients), into femoral defects during revision total hip arthroplasty. Both groups were assessed using the Harris Hip Score, radiography, and DEXA scanning at 6 weeks and 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. A significant difference in the bone defect healing was observed between both groups of patients (P<0.05). In the trial group, trabecular remodeling was found in all nine patients and in the control group, in 1 patient only. Whereas, over the 12-month follow-up period, no significant difference was observed between both groups of patients in terms of the resorption ofβ-tricalcium phosphate, the significant differences were documented in the presence of radiolucency and bone trabeculation through the defect (P<0.05). Using autologous mesenchymal stromal cells combined with aβ-tricalcium phosphate scaffold is a feasible, safe, and effective approach for management of bone defects with compromised microenvironment. The clinical trial was registered at the EU Clinical Trials Register before patient recruitment has begun (EudraCT number2012-005599-33).

scholarly journals Morphological and radiological characteristics of experimental bone tissue regeneration

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-104
Author(s):  
E. A. Nadyrov ◽  
V. I. Nikolaev ◽  
S. I. Kirilenko ◽  
V. V. Rozhin ◽  
N. G. Maltseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Tissue ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Bone Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Male Wistar Rats ◽  
Group A ◽  
Bone Trabeculae ◽  
The Right ◽  
Experimental Group

Objective. To study the dynamics of reparative bone tissue regeneration in experimental animals using a native transplantation autosmix (NTA).Materials and methods. Male Wistar rats weighing 180–200 g and aged 6–7 months were used. Bone tissue defects were modelled using a cutter with a diameter of 2 mm (experimental group). A similar defect of the middle third of the right tibia was formed in the control group animals without flling the defects with bone tissue. The animals were removed from the experiment on days 3, 7, 14, 30 and 60 of the experiment (per 6 animals for each observation period). The indicators of defect occupancy, necrosis, the area of bone trabeculae, the area of granulation tissue were determined in the histological sections. All the indicators were presented as percentage of the tested area. Osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts were calculated in absolute values on the tested area.Results. The study has showed a higher rate of bone tissue formation in the bone defects in the experimental animals after autotransplantation of the bone mixture. Bone recovery in the experimental group had a higher rate, which was manifested by faster flling of the bone tissue defect, a low percentage of the necrosis area, a higher area of bone trabeculae, its rapid transformation into lamellar bone tissue.Conclusion. Osteogenesis had practically completed by day 30 of the experiment. At the same time, in the control group it had completed by day 60. The results obtained are a theoretical precondition for further research in the feld of bone autoplasty. Advanced development of surgical and minimally invasive technologies of bone mixture application will increase the effciency of modern reconstructive surgery of bones and joints.

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