scholarly journals Mechanism of changes of peripheral neuro-muscle endings of the tongues of rats with experimental streptozotocyn diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-402
Author(s):  
M. Luchynskyi ◽  
V. Luchinskyi ◽  
V. Shcherba ◽  
A. Demkovych ◽  
Y. Luchinska
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetes ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Two Stages ◽  
Reactive Processes ◽  
Muscular Tissues

The paper presents the characteric of dynamics of morphological changes of neuromuscular endings of the tongues of rats with experimentally induced streptozotocin diabetes mellitus. The hysto-ultrastructural research showed pathomorphologic changes in the experimental diabetes mellitus at different time periods. Their regulations indicate the relation of neuromuscular endings and elements of muscular tissues. During experimental streptozotocin diabetes mellitus, there occured interconnected structural changes of muscle fibers, myelin nerve fibers and the microcirculatory channel of the tongue with damage to the neuromuscular endings. In the dynamics of the diabetic process, three phases were distinguished: the phase of reactive-dystrophic changes with maximum severity two weeks after the beginning of the experimental modeling of streptozotocin diabetes mellitus; the phase of destructive-dystrophic processes, which began after the fourth week from the beginning of the modeling experimental streptozotocin diabetes; degenerative-destructive phase, which developed after the sixth week of the experiment. The dynamics of changes in the neuromuscular endings are also related to the duration of diabetes mellitus, they occur in two stages: in the first stage (up to 4 weeks) reactive processes were observed , in the second (6–8 weeks) – dystrophic processes. The uneven degree of their manifestation is related to the reaction of the microcirculatory channel of neuromuscular endings and composition of the tongue muscles. The greatest sensitivity to hyperglycemia was observed in muscle fibers of the intermediate type. 

Alterations in intramuscular water movement associated with mechanical changes in human skeletal muscle fibers: an evaluation using magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted imaging and B-mode ultrasonography

2011 ◽  
Vol 52 (9) ◽  
pp. 1003-1008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osamu Yanagisawa ◽  
Toshiyuki Kurihara ◽  
Toru Fukubayashi
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Ankle Joint ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Medial Gastrocnemius ◽  
Plantar Flexors ◽  
Diffusion Weighted Images ◽  
Diffusion Weighted

Background Intramuscular water movement is expected to be affected by the mechanical changes of the muscle fibers. However, the effect of changes in fiber length (FL) and pennation angle (PA) on the water movement has not been sufficiently investigated in human skeletal muscles. Purpose To determine the relationship between intramuscular water movement and the mechanical changes in human muscle fibers. Material and Methods Axial magnetic resonance diffusion-weighted images of the right leg (eight men) were taken using a 1.5-Tesla device with the ankle joint maximally dorsiflexed and maximally plantar flexed. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of both the dorsiflexors (the superficial and deep parts of the tibialis anterior) and the plantar flexors (medial gastrocnemius and soleus) were calculated along three orthogonal axes (S-I: superior-to-inferior, A-P: anterior-to-posterior, and R-L: right-to-left). FL and PA of both muscle groups were also calculated from longitudinal B-mode ultrasound images with the ankle joint maximally dorsiflexed and plantar flexed. Results There was a significant increase in the ADC in superficial ( P < 0.05) and deeP ( P < 0.05) parts of the dorsiflexors in the S-I direction when the ankle was plantar flexed and in the A-P and R-L directions when the ankle was dorsiflexed ( P < 0.05). The plantar flexors showed significantly elevated ADC in the S-I direction when the ankle was dorsiflexed ( P < 0.05), and in the A-P and R-L directions when the ankle was plantar flexed ( P < 0.05). The dorsiflexors also showed significantly increased PA and decreased FL values when the ankle was dorsiflexed ( P < 0.05). The plantar flexors displayed similar morphological changes when the ankle was plantar flexed ( P < 0.05). Conclusion Water diffusion is affected by structural changes in the long axis of the muscle fibers, namely the changes in PA and FL.

scholarly journals Comparative characteristics of the manifestations of damage and reparative processes in the mucous membrane of the duodenum of rats under the conditions of skin burns and skin burns associated with diabetes

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-44
Author(s):  
I.A. Tymoshenko ◽  
L.M. Sokurenko ◽  
A.Ya. Yanchyshyn ◽  
V.A. Pastukhova
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mucous Membrane ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Burn Injury ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Buffer Solution ◽  
Solution Ph

Currently, severe thermal injury is becoming one of the most important problems of practical medicine. Diabetes is also recognized as another global medical and social challenge of our century. The emergency situation for the treatment and prevention of the consequences of these pathologies is a consequence of the lack of a reliable theoretical basis for solving specific clinical problems regarding the course of burns, diabetes and their complications. The aim of the study is to establish the patterns of structural changes in the mucous membrane of the duodenum after burn injury of the skin of rats under conditions of experimental diabetes mellitus. The study was performed on 63 laboratory white adult male rats weighing 180-210 g, which were divided into 3 groups: intact animals, rats with skin burns and rats with skin burns on the background of diabetes. The model of experimental diabetes mellitus was reproduced by administering Streptozotocin to rats intraperitoneally once at a dose of 50 mg/kg, pre-dissolved in 0.1 M citrate buffer solution (pH=4.5). The control of the development of hyperglycemia in the experimental groups was the level of glucose in the blood 24.24±0.79 mmol/l. In the control group this index was 8.03±0.4 mmol/l. Rats with skin burns revealed destructive manifestations, which are accompanied by an active inflammatory reaction and corresponding necrotic changes, while rats with skin burns on the background of diabetes mellitus pathological processes are not just “summed up”, but in some way adaptively modified with the involvement of stress mechanisms of the endoplasmic reticulum and associated autophagy.

scholarly journals The parallel comparative study of metabolism of fatty acids in erythrocytes and other tissues under experimental diabetes mellitus

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-30
Author(s):  
Nina P. Mikaelyan ◽  
Z. Kh Nguen ◽  
O. S Komarov ◽  
K. A Mikaelyan
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Experimental Diabetes ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetes ◽  
Peroxidation Of Lipids ◽  
Muscular Tissue ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

The parallel study of impact of Streptozotocin diabetes mellitus on level of lipids and content of fatty acids in blood, in homogenates of skin, liver and muscular tissue in conditions of oxidative stress demonstrated that in rats at early period of development of diabetes mellitus alongside with hypertriglyceridimia and hypercholesterolimia, significant alterations are observed in content of fatty acids of blood and homogenates of analyzed tissues. The alterations are accompanied with peroxidation of lipids and decreasing of activity of enzymes-antioxidants and also decreasing of degree of utilization of glucose by erythrocytes. under experimental diabetes mellitus significant increasing of saturated fatty acids, especially palmitic fatty acid, results in decreasing of level of mono unsaturated fatty acids (at the expense of oleic fatty acids) that significantly differs of corresponding spectrum in patients with diabetes mellitus. The results of study also testify that already at early stages of development of diabetes mellitus alterations in pool of fatty acids of erythrocytes and homogenates of liver, skin and cardiac muscle similar (with slightly differences) and in all analyzed tissues disorders of fatty acids metabolism are characterized by atherosclerotic direction.

Certain chorioretinal parameters of the eye in congenital and acquired myopia and their relationship with anatomical and optical parameters

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 46-53
Author(s):  
E. P. Tarutta ◽  
R. R. Khubieva ◽  
G. A. Markosyan
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Posterior Pole ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optical Parameters ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Hemodynamic Parameters ◽  
Structural Disorders ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomograph

Purpose: to assess the thickness of the central region of the retina and choroid, the layer of nerve fibers in the macular and peripapillary regions, the density of the superficial and deep plexus of the retina and the choroid in congenital and acquired myopia and see how they are related with the refraction and axial length of the eye.Material and methods. 33 patients aged 6 to 16 (averagely, 12.07 ± 3.09 years) were divided into 3 groups: 1) with congenital myopia (23 eyes), 2) with acquired myopia (9 eyes), and 3) the control group with emmetropia (20 eyes). Chorioretinal and hemodynamic parameters were determined using an RS-3000 Advance 2 spectral optical coherence tomograph (Nidek, Japan). Correlation analysis was performed using Pearson’s linear correlation coefficient (r).Results. Structural changes in the sensory and vascular membranes of the eye were revealed in both myopic groups as compared to the control group. Of the two clinical groups, more severe structural disorders were found in congenital myopia. Hemodynamic parameters revealed abnormalities in the deep retinal layers, as well as in the choriocapillary layer. The comparative analysis showed that morphological changes in the posterior pole have a stronger correlation with anatomical parameters as compared to optical ones.Conclusion. Optical coherence tomography is an informative method of differential diagnosis, monitoring, and prognostication of changes in the posterior pole in myopia.

scholarly journals Hysto-ultrastructure of the facial nerve and mimic muscles in the norm and in the conditions of eхperimental neuropathy

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 569-576
Author(s):  
V. Myhailiuk ◽  
I. Mykhailiuk ◽  
M. Hembarovskyi ◽  
O. Lebid ◽  
K. Duda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Facial Nerve ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Nerve Fibers ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Myelinated Nerve ◽  
Fine Grained ◽  
Argyrophilic Grains

We studied the structural components of the facial nerve in the norm and with cold neuropathy, indicating morphological changes in neuromuscular endings and muscle fibers at 10, 15, 30 and 60 days from the beginning of the simulation of experimental neuropathy, which was caused by local supercooling of the projection portions of the extracranial parts of the facial nerve on the background of the preliminary introduction of Freud’s complete adjuvant. We established that the pathomorphological changes in the endonevral microcirculatory bed have a phase character: the initial spasm (up to 10 days) changes in paralytic vasodilation, and its residual effects remain until the end of the experiment (60 days). Changes in hemomicrocirculation conditions lead to marked disturbances in the structure of myelinic nerve fibers, which have the character of segmental demyelination with signs of delay in axonal transport and reactive restructuring of neuromuscular endings. The change in the metric composition of myelinated nerve fibers is due to an increase in the number of nerve fibers of medium and large diameters (up to 30 days) and small diameter (after 30 days). In different periods of the experiment, a decrease in the branching area of the terminal branches of the motor axon is observed in the nerve cells, local edema of the endonevria, degenerative changes in a part of the nerve fibers develop. Due to the fine-grained decay of the final nerve branches, degeneration of the motor endings took place two weeks after the start of the experiment. Neuropathy for 30 days caused a pronounced inhibition of spotting in the peripheral parts of the motor nerve fibers. After 60 days of experiment, a large number of muscle fibers underwent destructive changes. The size of a significant part of the neuromuscular endings was reduced. In all terms of cold neuropathy, neurolematocytes reacted in the same way: cytoplasm was swollen, argyrophilic grains appeared in the nuclei, fine-grained decay of individual nuclei occurred. 

scholarly journals Reorganization of Intraorganic Blood Vessels of the Bladder in Experimental Diabetes Mellitus

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Tokaryk ◽  
Andriy Yurakh ◽  
Ilona Pukach ◽  
Halyna Yurakh ◽  
Anatoliy Dmytrenko
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Blood Vessels ◽  
Vascular Tone ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetes ◽  
Basal Membrane ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Diabetic Microangiopathy ◽  
Experimental Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Ultrastructural Characteristics

Objective: To give histologic, morphometric and ultrastructural characteristics of intraorganic hemovessels of the urinary bladder of rats at the stages of streptozotocin diabetes. Material and methods. There were used 70 Wistar male rats; diabetes mellitus was modeled with streptozotocin (60 mg / kg of body weight); material was taken on 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70-th day of experiment; histological, morphometric and electron microscopic research was performed. Results The microscopic, morphometric and ultrastructural peculiarities of transformation of intraorganic blood vessels of rats’ bladder during streptozotocin diabetes were detected. Conclusions: 1) the bladder diabetic microangiopathy is nonspecific process, the specificity of which is determined by the degree of expressiveness of vascular disorders which are characterized by these: a) the change of arteriolar vascular tone manifesting itself initially by dilatation, then by decrease of the lumen, then by secondary expansion; b) reconstruction of hemocapillar basal membrane, which becomes thicker 3.22-fold by the end of the experiment, disorganized and lamellar; c) blood rheological disturbances expressed in sludges in particular venules on the 14th day of experiment, on the 28th – in most venules, on the 42nd – also in capillaries, on the 56-70-th  generalized sludge syndrome of all bladder layers appears; 2) diabetic angiopathy is accompanied with swelling of different genesis: interstitial one increases till the 28th day of experiment, since the 42nd  it decreases; since the 42nd day plasma percolation of perivascular connective tissue increases; swelling of endotheliocytes appears on the 28-42th day of diabetes.

STRUCTURAL CHANGES OF ENDOCRINE SYSTEM OF MYOCARDIUM DURING THE STREPTOZOTOCIN DIABETES MELLITUS

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (63) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Ya. Zhurakivska ◽  
T. I. Mykulets ◽  
U. M. Dutchak ◽  
Ya. I. Klypych ◽  
V. A. Miskiv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetes
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document