scholarly journals Sulfidogenic activity of sulfate and sulfur reducing bacteria under the influence of metal compounds

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
O. M. Moroz ◽  
S. O. Hnatush ◽  
O. V. Tarabas ◽  
C. I. Bohoslavets ◽  
G. V. Yavorska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Spectrophotometric Method ◽  
Biological Diversity ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Due to their high content in natural environments, heavy metals exhibit toxic effects on living organisms, which leads to a decrease in the biological diversity and productivity of ecosystems. In niches with low oxidation reducing potential, sulfate and sulfur reducing bacteria carry out the reducing transformation of oxidized sulfur compounds with the formation of significant amounts of hydrogen sulfide. H2S produced by bacteria interacts with metal ions, precipitating them in the form of sulfides. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of lead, cuprum (II), iron (II) and manganese (II) salts on the production of hydrogen sulfide by bacteria of the Desulfovibrio and Desulfuromonas genera, isolated from Yavorivske Lake, and to evaluate the efficiency of their use for purifying media, enriched with organic compounds, from hydrogen sulfide and heavy metals. The content of heavy metal ions in the water of Yavorivske Lake was determined by the spectrophotometric method. The bacteria were grown for 10 days at 30 °C in the Kravtsov-Sorokin medium under anaerobic conditions. To study the influence of metal ions on bacteria growth and their H2S production, cells were incubated with metal salts (0.5–4.0 mM), washed and grown in media with SO42– or S0. To determine the level of metal ions binding by H2S, produced by bacteria, cells were grown in media with metal compounds (0.5–4.0 mM), SO42– or S0. Biomass was determined by turbidimetric method. In the cultural liquid the content of H2S was determined quantitatively by spectrophotometric method, and qualitatively by the presence of metal cations. The content of metal sulfides in the growth medium was determined by weight method. Sulfate and sulfur-reducing bacteria were resistant to 2.0 mM Pb(NO3)2, 2.5 mM CuCl2, 2.5 mM FeCl2 × 4H2O and 2.0 mM MnCl2 × 4H2O, therefore they are promising for the development of biotechnologies for the purification of water resources contaminated by sulfur and metal compounds. When present in a medium with sulfates or sulfur of 1.0–1.5 mM lead, cuprum (II), iron (II) or manganese (II) ions, they almost completely bind with the H2S produced by bacteria in the form of insoluble sulfides, which confirms the negative results of qualitative reactions to their presence in the cultural liquid.

scholarly journals Thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria Moorela thermoacetica Nadia-3, isolated from “Nadiia” pit spoil heap of Chervonohrad mining region

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
O. M. Сhayka ◽  
◽  
T. B. Peretyatko ◽  
A. A. Halushka ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Spoil Heap ◽  
Mining Region ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Introduction. Thermophilic sulfate-reducing bacteria attract attention of scientists as the potential agents of purification of wastewater polluted by sulfur and its compounds, heavy metal ions and organic compounds. These bacteria oxidize different organic substrates using metals with variable valency as electron acceptors and transform them into non-toxic or less toxic forms for living organisms. However, wastewater contains high concentrations of different toxic xenobiotics, particularly, metal ions that have negative influence on living organisms. For this reason, it is important to use resistant strains of microorganisms for the purification of wastewater. The aim of this work was to identify the thermophilic sulfur-reducing bacteria, isolated from “Nadiia” pit spoil heap of Chervonohrad mining region, and to study their properties. Materials and Methods. Thermophilic sulfur-reducing bacteria were isolated from the samples of rock of “Nadiia” pit heap at 50 cm depth. Bacteria were cultivated in TF medium under the anaerobic conditions in anaerostates. Cell biomass was measured turbidimetrically using the photoelectric colorimeter KFK-3 (λ = 340 nm, 3 mm cuvette). Hydrogen sulfide content was measured photoelectrocolorymetrically by the production of methylene blue. Organic acids content was measured by high performance liquid chromatography. Cr(VI), Fe(III), Мn(IV) and NO3– content was measured turbidimetrically. Results. Thermophilic sulfur-reducing bacteria were isolated from the rock of “Nadiia” pit heap of Chervonohrad mining region. They were identified as Moorela thermoacetica based on the morpho-physiological and biochemical properties and on the results of phylogenetic analysis. M. thermoacetica Nadia-3 grow in the synthetic TF medium, have the shape of elongated rods, are gram-positive, endospore-forming. They form light brown colonies. Optimal growth was observed at 50–55 °C, pH 6.5–7. The bacteria utilize glucose, starch, fructose, maltose, lactose, sodium lactate, arabinose, cellulose, maltose, glycerol, fumarate, and ethanol as carbon sources. The highest sulfidogenic activity of M. thermoacetica Nadia-3 was found in media with glycerol, lactose, and glucose. M. thermoacetica Nadia-3 reduce SO42-, S2O32-, Fe(III), NO3–, Cr(VI) compounds besides elemental sulfur. They accumulate biomass at K2Cr2O7 concentrations of 0.1–1 mM. Sulfur reduction is not the main way of energy accumulation. Conclusions. Thermophilic chromium-resistant sulfur-reducing bacteria M. thermoacetica Nadia-3, that produce hydrogen sulfide during the oxidation of different organic compounds, were isolated from the rock of “Nadiia” pit heap. They reduce Fe(III), Cr(VI), NO3–, SO42-, S2O32-, besides elemental sulfur.

scholarly journals Usage of ferrum (ІІІ) and manganese (IV) ions as electron acceptors by Desulfuromonas sp. bacteria

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. M. Moroz ◽  
S. O. Hnatush ◽  
C. I. Bohoslavets ◽  
G. V. Yavorska ◽  
N. V. Truchym
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Anaerobic Respiration ◽  
Biomass Accumulation ◽  
Culture Liquid ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The toxicity of metal ions to microorganisms, in particular at high concentrations, is one of the main impediments to their usage in remediation technologies. The purpose of this work is to analyze the possibility of usage by bacteria of the Desulfuromonas genus, isolated by us from Yavorivske Lake, of ferrum (ІІІ) and manganese (IV) ions at concentrations in the medium of 1,74–10,41 mM as electron acceptors of anaerobic respiration to assesss resistance of sulphur reducing bacteria strains to heavy metal compounds. Cells of Desulfuromonas acetoxidans ІМV V-7384, Desulfuromonas sp. Yavor-5 and Desulfuromonas sp. Yavor-7 were cultivated for 10 days at 30 °C under anaerobic conditions in Kravtsov-Sorokin’s medium without sulphate ions, sulphur, with cysteine as the sulphur source (0.2 g/l) and sodium lactate or citrate as the electron donor (17.86 g/l), in which were added sterile 1 M solutions of C6H5O7Fe and C4H4O4 (control) and also weights of MnO2 to their terminal concentrations 1.74, 3.47, 5.21, 6.94, 10.41 mM. Biomass was determined by the turbidimetric method. In the culture liquid the presence of Fe3+ and Mn4+ were qualitatively determined, and the content of Fe2+ in reaction with о-phenanthroline was determined quantitatively. It was established that sulphur reducing bacteria used with different intensity ferrum (ІІІ) and manganese (IV) ions as electron acceptors during the process of anaerobic respiration at concentrations of 1.74–10.41 mM C6H5O7Fe and MnO2 in the medium, which demonstrated the important role of the investigated microorganisms in reductive detoxication of natural and technogenic media from oxidized forms of transitional heavy metals. An insignificant difference in biomass accumulation during usage of 5.21–10.41 mM ferrum (ІІІ) ions and fumarate is caused by toxicity of the metal ions to cells since the high redox potential of the Fe(III)/Fe(ІІ) pair with increase in concentrations of electron acceptors in the medium did not lead to increase in the biomass accumulation level. The greatest biomass of the bacteria accumulated on the 8–10th days in the medium with the lowest concentration of C6H5O7Fe – 1.74 mM (up to 2.77 g/l), and the lowest biomass – with highest concentration – 10.41 mM (up to 2.41 g/l). After 10 days of cultivation the bacteria of all strains had fully used the ferrum (ІІІ) ions present in the medium. A biomass yield almost twice as low was revealed after manganese (IV) oxide was used by bacteria compared with its use of ferrum (ІІІ) citrate and fumarate at all studied concentrations of electron acceptors in the medium. The highest biomass of bacteria accumulated in the medium with the lowest MnO2 content – 1.74 mM (up to 1.35 g/l), and the lowest biomass in the medium with the highest content – 10.41 mM (up to 1.15 g/l). After 10 days of cultivation bacteria of all strains had not fully restored the manganese (IV) ions present in the medium. The greatest biomass compared with other strains after growth in medium with different C6H5O7Fe and MnO2 contents was accumulated by the strain Desulfuromonas sp. Yavor-7. Since sulphur reducing bacteria strains proved to be resistant to Fe3+ and Mn4+ high concentrations (up to10.41 mM) they can be successfully used in technologies of environmenal remediation from sulphur and heavy metal compounds. 

scholarly journals Ability of Sulfate Reducing Bacteria to Utilize Polymer and Rubber Materials

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-63
Author(s):  
D.R. Abdulina ◽  
◽  
A.I. Chuenko ◽  
A.S. Topchiy ◽  
G.E. Kopteva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Ethylene Vinyl Acetate ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Bacterial Cultures ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Polymer materials are an integral part of our lives, but their use is a global environmental problem. Despite this, the development of modern approaches to the utilization of used polymer and rubber materials is currently relevant, including the using of anaerobic microbial destruction of polymers by sulfatereducing bacteria. The aim of the work. To study the ability of sulfate-reducing bacteria to utilize rubber and polymer materials such as solid rubber, ethylene vinyl acetate and foamed polyethylene. Methods. Microbiological (cultivation of sulfate-reducing bacteria, method of serial dilutions), biochemical (Lowry method, measurement of enzymatic activity), physical and chemical (gravimetry, iodometry, potentiometry, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry). Results. It was shown that in the presence of the studied materials as the sole sources of carbon, the amount of sulfate-reducing bacteria increased by 2–3 orders compared to the control without adding the materials. On the 90th day of the experiment the destruction coefficients of the studied materials were low and reached KD=0.21–2.88%. In the cultivation medium with the introduced studied materials, the metabolic and enzymatic activity of sulfate-reducing bacteria are changed, in particular, the production of hydrogen sulfide in the presence of ethylene vinyl acetate and foamed polyethylene increased by 0.8–3 times, and rubber – decreased by 1.2–3.5 times. The catalase activity of the studied bacterial cultures was decreased by 1.4–3.4 times compared to the control without adding of materials. During the exposure period with adding the materials, the lipase activity of bacterial cultures decreased and in some cases almost disappeared. The introduction of materials led to increasing of the short-chain fatty acids synthesis by Desulfovibrio desulfuricans DSM642 and D. vulgaris DSM644 strains, while, on the contrary, Desulfovibrio sp. 10 strain showed the decreasing in acid production. The introduction of rubber only in D. vulgaris DSM644 culture leads to the increasing of acetic and propanoic acids synthesis by 59% and 49.5%, respectively, compared to the control without the introduction of the studied materials. The synthesis of acetic acid in the presence of foamed polyethylene and ethylene vinyl acetate in the cultural liquid of sulfate-reducing bacteria increased by 46.2–419.5% and 69.8–92.6%, and propane – by 23.1–46.2% and 71.9–159.0%, respectively. Conclusions. The presence in cultivation media of rubber, foamed polyethylene and ethylene vinyl acetate as a sole carbon sources led to the changes in enzymatic activity (catalase and lipase), the intensification of hydrogen sulfide synthesis by bacteria was observed as well as acetic, propanoic and butanoic acids synthesis increased. This indicates the potential of sulfate-reducing bacteria to utilize the studied materials via acid formation.

scholarly journals Inhibition of biogenic hydrogen sulfide produce by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria isolated from oil fields in Basra by nitrate based treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 88-106
Author(s):  
Wijdan H. Al-Tamimi ◽  
Kawther H. Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Oil Fields ◽  
Produce Water ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Nitrate And Nitrite ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The present study included using of Bio Competitive Exclusion BCX technology in treatment of biogenic production of hydrogen sulfide H2S by Sulfate Reducing Bacteria SRB in batch cultures, injection of  nitrate and nitrite  promotes the growth of Nitrate Reducing Bacteria NRB which outcompete the Sulfate Reducing Bacteria SRB on carbon sources. Mix cultures of SRB and NRB were isolated from produce water of oil production facilities in Iraq including Nahran Omer and Al lahis oil fields.  The activity of NRB and SRB were determined by measured the concentration of nitrate, nitrite and sulfide by using spectrophotometer and bacterial counts in three tube MPN technique. The results showed that NRB had a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of SRB and sulfide production under adding NRB nutrient nitrate and nitrite at all concentrations 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg/l, activity of NRB increased after treatment, all nitrate and nitrite consumption during 2 - 3 days of incubation. The highest inhibition of H2S production was at concentration 1000 mg/l of nitrate where the results showed that there was significant decrease in sulfide level and number of bacteria 34 mg/l and 34.8 cell/ ml respectively after 10 days of treatment. 

The influence of potassium dichromate on dissimilatory reduction of sulfate and nitrate ions by bacteria Desulfovibrio sp.

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 84-95
Author(s):  
O. M. Moroz ◽  
S. O. Hnatush ◽  
Ch. I. Bohoslavets ◽  
T. M. Hrytsun’ ◽  
B. M. Borsukevych
Keyword(s):  
Electron Acceptor ◽  
Potassium Dichromate ◽  
Anaerobic Respiration ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Electron Acceptors ◽  
Metal Compounds ◽  
Nitrate Ions ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Sulfate reducing bacteria, capable to reductive transformation of different nature pollutants, used in biotechnologies of purification of sewage, contaminated by carbon, sulfur, nitrogen and metal compounds. H2S formed by them sediment metals to form of insoluble sulfides. Number of metals can be used by these microorganisms as electron acceptors during anaerobic respiration. Because under the influence of metal compounds observed slowing of bacteria metabolism, selection isolated from technologically modified ecotops resistant to pollutions strains is important task to create a new biotechnologies of purification. That’s why the purpose of this work was to study the influence of potassium dichromate, present in medium, on reduction of sulfate and nitrate ions by sulfate reducing bacteria Desulfovibrio desulfuricans IMV K-6, Desulfovibrio sp. Yav-6 and Desulfovibrio sp. Yav-8, isolated from Yavorivske Lake, to estimate the efficiency of possible usage of these bacteria in technologies of complex purification of environment from dangerous pollutants. Bacteria were cultivated in modified Kravtsov-Sorokin medium without SO42- and FeCl2×4H2O for 10 days. To study the influence of K2Cr2O7 on usage by bacteria SO42- or NO3- cells were seeded to media with Na2SO4×10H2O or NaNO3 and K2Cr2O7 at concentrations of 1.74 mM for total content of electron acceptors in medium 3.47 mM (concentration of SO42- in medium of standard composition). Cells were also seeded to media with 3.47 mM Na2SO4×10H2O, NaNO3 or K2Cr2O7 to investigate their growth in media with SO42-, NO3- or Cr2O72- as sole electron acceptor (control). Biomass was determined by turbidymetric method, content of sulfate, nitrate, dichromate, chromium (III) ions, hydrogen sulfide or ammonia ions in cultural liquid – by spectrophotometric method. It was found that K2Cr2O7 inhibits growth (2.2 and 1.3 times) and level of reduction by bacteria sulfate or nitrate ions (4.2 and 3.0 times, respectively) at simultaneous addition into cultivation medium of 1.74 mM SO42- or NO3- and 1.74 mM Cr2O72-, compared with growth and level of reduction of sulfate or nitrate ions in medium only with SO42- or NO3- as sole electron acceptor. Revealed that during cultivation of bacteria in presence of equimolar amount of SO42- or NO3- and Cr2O72-, last used by bacteria faster, content of Cr3+ during whole period of bacteria cultivation exceeded content H2S or NH4+. K2Cr2O7 in medium has most negative influence on dissimilatory reduction by bacteria SO42- than NO3-, since level of nitrate ions reduction by cells in medium with NO3- and Cr2O72- was a half times higher than level of sulfate ions reduction by it in medium with SO42- and Cr2O72-. The ability of bacteria Desulfovibrio sp. to priority reduction of Cr2O72- and after their exhaustion − NO3- and SO42- in the processes of anaerobic respiration can be used in technologies of complex purification of environment from toxic compounds.

Selenium Uptake by a Coal Mine Wetland Sediment

2003 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 483-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Baldwin ◽  
Al Henry Hodaly
Keyword(s):  
Growth Medium ◽  
Coal Mine ◽  
Mine Waste ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Plant Debris ◽  
Bacteria Growth ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Selenium Uptake ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

Abstract Sediment from a wetland receiving runoff from a coal mine waste dump in the Elk River Valley of southeast British Columbia was assessed for potential selenium uptake. Selenite [SeO32-, Se(IV)] was found to adsorb to the washed sediment at pH 7 to 8, whereas no selenate [SeO42-, Se(VI)] was adsorbed, in the concentration range of 8 to 225 μg L-1 Se as selenite or selenate. Sulfate- and selenate-reducing bacterial activity was detected in the sediment. In the presence of sulfate-reducing bacteria growth medium, Se as selenate was reduced from 619(±53) μg L-1 to 15(±0.7) μg L-1, and in the presence of selenate-reducing bacteria growth medium, Se as selenate was reduced from 364(±66) mg L-1 to 22(±10) mg L-1. Semi-continuous microcosms containing sediment overlaid with selenate (500 μg L-1 Se) and sulfate (0.9 g L-1) containing water were amended with plant debris from the site or nutrients (lactate and fertilizer). Potential selenate reduction rate (0.76 h-1) was highest in the unamended microcosms. Amendment with plant debris from the site had a negative effect on selenate reduction rate in the short term (after one hour) and a positive effect on Se removal in the long term (after one week). This study suggests that wetland sediments at the mine site may be important sinks for Se.

Biological Mechanisms of H2S Formation in Sewer Pipes

1992 ◽  
Vol 26 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 907-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Attal ◽  
M. Brigodiot ◽  
P. Camacho ◽  
J. Manem
Keyword(s):  
Suspended Solid ◽  
Urban Wastewater ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Sewer Pipes ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Biological Phenomena ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
High Concentrations ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of the biological phenomena involved in the production of hydrogen sulfide in urban wastewater (UWW) systems. It is found that the UWW itself naturally possesses the biomass needed to consume the sulfates. These heterotrophic sulfate-reducing bacteria populations, though immediately active in strict anaerobic conditions, are present only in very low concentrations in the UWW. A concentration of them was studied within the pressure pipes, in the form of deposits, and this justifies the high concentrations of sulfides measured in certain wastewater networks. There are two reasons why the ferrous sulfate used as a treatment in any wastewater networks should not cause the production of additional sulfides. Firstly, the sulfate consumption kinetics are always too slow, relative to the residence time of the water in the pipe, for all of the sulfates to be consumed anyway. Secondly, the amount of assimilable carbon, soluble carbon, and carbon from suspended solid (SS) hydrolysis is insufficient.

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