Віталітетна структура популяцій деяких видів бур’янів у посівах зернових культур

2010 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Tikhonova
Keyword(s):  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Setaria Glauca ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

Досліджено особливості розвитку популяцій сегетальних видів (Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., Sonchus arvensis L., Melandium album (Mill.) Garke, Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv., Fallopia convolvulus (L.) А. Lоve) у посівах зернових культур (пшениці озимої, жита, ячменю, гречки, гороху), які не оброблялися гербіцидами у господарствах лісостепової зони на території Сумської області. 

Absorption, Translocation, and Foliar Activity of Clopyralid and Chlorsulfuron in Canada Thistle (Cirsium arvense) and Perennial Sowthistle (Sonchus arvensis)

Weed Science ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 524-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malcolm D. Devine ◽  
William H. Vanden Born
Keyword(s):  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Canada Thistle ◽  
Similar Treatment ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis ◽  
Root Buds

Both14C-clopyralid (3,6-dichloropicolinic acid) and14C-chlorsulfuron {2-chloro-N-[[(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl)amino]carbonyl]benzensulfonamide} were readily absorbed by Canada thistle [Cirsium arvense(L.) Scop. ♯ CIRAR] leaves, with 99 and 75%, respectively, of the applied doses absorbed 144 h after application. Absorbed14C-clopyralid was rapidly exported from the treated leaves, whereas14C-chlorsulfuron was translocated much more slowly. After 144 h, 29% of the applied14C-clopyralid and 5% of the applied14C-chlorsulfuron were recovered in the roots and developing root buds of Canada thistle plants. Smaller amounts of the two herbicides were absorbed and translocated in perennial sowthistle (Sonchus arvensisL. ♯ SONAR) than in Canada thistle. More14C-clopyralid than14C-chlorsulfuron was absorbed and translocated out of treated leaves of perennial sowthistle, but equal amounts, 3 to 4% of the applied doses, were recovered in the roots and root buds 144 h after application. Foliar applications of clopyralid, followed by removal of the treated shoot 24, 72, or 144 h after application, markedly reduced shoot regrowth in both Canada thistle and perennial sowthistle. Similar treatment with chlorsulfuron did not prevent shoot regrowth in either species.

scholarly journals Chemical control of curled dock (Rumex crispus L.) and other weeds in noncropped areas

2008 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 123-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsvetanka Dimitrova ◽  
Plamen Marinov-Serafimov
Keyword(s):  
Chenopodium Album ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Field Trials ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Convolvulus Arvensis ◽  
Rumex Crispus ◽  
Carduus Acanthoides ◽  
Herbicide Mixture ◽  
Amaranthus Spp ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

Rumex crispus L. is an invasive species widespread in our country and in particular in the region of North Bulgaria. It is characterized by high biological and ecological plasticity. Owing to its great reproductive potential, the weed has been assigned to the list of economically most important weeds in the country. With the purpose of studying the possibility of chemical weed control in noncropped areas with heavy natural background infestation with R. crispus L. and other dicotyledonous weeds, two field trials were carried out. A ready-to-use herbicide mixture 2,4-D 140.2 g/l-1 + Triclopyr 144 g/l-1, trade product Genoxon 3X (X0050), was tested at two doses of active ingredient, 3552 and 2842 ml/ha-1. It was found that: (1) population density of Rumex crispus L. can be successfully reduced by treatment at the stage of early stem formation; herbicide efficacy with 3552 and 2882 ml/ha-1 doses on the 21st day after treatment was 100% and 90.5%, respectively, at the end of vegetation 94.4 and 85.7%, respectively; (2) herbicidal efficacy was lower when R. crispus L. was treated at the 5 - 6 leaf stage, being 100 - 94.1% and 80 - 76.5% respectively for the indicated doses and time of recording; (3) at the studied doses the herbicide controlled both annual dicotyledonous weeds (Amaranthus spp., Chenopodium album L., Portulaca oleracea L.) and perennial dicotyledonous ones (Cirsium arvense L., Sonchus arvensis L., Convolvulus arvensis L., Carduus acanthoides L.), but it was not toxic to monocotyledonous weeds.

scholarly journals Действие систем земледелия на видовой состав сорных растений и урожайность ячменя

2019 ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
E.V. Noskova ◽  
S.V. Shchukin ◽  
T.P. Sabirova
Keyword(s):  
Cropping System ◽  
Farming Systems ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Barley Grain ◽  
Organic Fertilizers ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Full Dose ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis ◽  
Fumaria Officinalis

Исследования проводились на дерновоподзолистой среднесуглинистой почве нормального увлажнения. В опыте изучалось влияние органических и минеральных удобрений в разной дозе на видовой состав сорных растений в посевах и урожайность зерна ячменя. Система органического земледелия в посевах ячменя способствовала уменьшению доли участия многолетних видов на 9,8 в сравнении с контролем. В посевах наблюдалось 2 вида многолетних сорняков осот полевой (1,5) и бодяк полевой (1,1). С использованием органической системы земледелия увеличивается доля участия осота полевого на 1,1, снижается доля участия бодяка полевого на 9,4. Применение органоминеральных удобрений с полной дозой и их с пестицидами также привело к снижению доли участия многолетников на 5,2 в сравнении с контролем. На данных фонах наблюдалось снижение доли участия бодяка полевого (на 5,8 8,3) и чистеца болотного (на 1,1), повышение доли участия осота полевого (на 2,1 2,9). Применение органоминеральных удобрений с пониженной дозой, наоборот, содействовало увеличению доли участия многолетних видов сорных растений на 1,3. Наибольшее число видов малолетних сорных растений (11 видов) отмечается при внесении органоминеральных удобрений с полной дозой. По всем системам земледелия преобладала марь белая. Хорошо отзывались на органическую систему земледелия такие виды, как горцы, дымянка аптечная, мятлик однолетний, незабудка полевая и подмаренник цепкий на органоминеральную горцы, дымянка аптечная, пастушья сумка обыкновенная, торица полевая, ярутка полевая и яснотка пурпуровая. Урожайность зерна ячменя повышалась при внесении органоминеральных удобрений в полной дозе на 20,7 ц/га (на 184,8) в сравнении с контролем.The researches were carried out on sodpodzolic medium loamy soil of normal moisture. The effect of organic and mineral fertilizers in different doses on the species composition of weedage in crops and the yield of barley grain was studied in the experiment. The organic cropping system in barley sowings contributed to a 9.8 decrease in the participation of perennial species in comparison with the control. Two species of perennial weeds were observed in the sowings sonchus arvensis (L., 1.5) and cirsium arvense (L., 1.1). With the use of the organic cropping system the share of participation of sonchus arvensis increases by 1.1 and the share of participation of cirsium arvense decreases by 9.4. The use of organomineral fertilizers with a full dose and their pesticides also led to a decrease in the share of perennials by 5.2 in comparison with the control. On these backgrounds there was a decrease in the participation share of cirsium arvense (by 5.8 8.3) and stachys palustris (L.) (by 1.1) and an increase in the share of participation of sonchus arvensis (by 2.1 2.9). The use of organomineral fertilizers with a reduced dose on the contrary contributed to an increase in the share of perennial weedage species by 1.3. The largest number of species of young weedage (11 species) is noted when applying organic fertilizers with a full dose. Chenopodium album (L.) prevailed across all farming systems. Such species as poligonums, fumaria officinalis (L.), poa annua (L.), myosotis arvensis (L.) and galium aparine (L.) responded well to the organic farming system on the organomineral one are poligonums, fumaria officinalis (L.), capsella bursapastoris (L.), spergula arvensis (L.), thlaspi arvense (L.) and lamium purpureum (L.). Barley grain yield increased with the introduction of organic fertilizers in full dose by 20.7 kg/ha (184.8) in comparison with the control.

scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF FODDER CROP ROTATIONS ON CROP CONFERENCE AND PRODUCTIVITY OF AGRICULTURAL CROPS IN BAIKAL REGION

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Zoya Kozlova ◽  
Lyubov' Matais ◽  
Ol'ga Glushkova
Keyword(s):  
Crop Rotation ◽  
Humus Content ◽  
Crop Rotations ◽  
Raphanus Raphanistrum ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Forage Crop ◽  
Irkutsk Region ◽  
Setaria Glauca ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis ◽  
Perennial Legumes

The research was carried out in Irkutsk region in 2011–2014. The purpose of this work is to study the influence of forage crop rotations on the degree of weediness of fields and the yield of forage crops. The objects of research are three forage crop rotations: one control without perennial legumes (meadow clover) and two with meadow clover in the structure of sown areas of 20 and 40%. The soil of the experimental site is gray forest heavy loamy, with the following characteristics: salt extract pH 4.7 ... 4.9, humus content 4.5 ... 4.8%, mobile phosphorus - 160 mg/kg, potassium - 130 mg/kg. The least amount of weeds in the experiment was in variants with perennial leguminous grasses (7 ... 9 pcs/m2), which ensured an increase in yield by crop rotation on average for 4 years of research by 14 ... 19%. The most contaminated was the control crop rotation. The greatest number of weeds in this crop rotation was noted in the crops of corn and pea-oat mixture - 5 ... 12 pcs/m2. Of the juvenile weeds, mainly gray mice (Setaria glauca (L.) Beauv.), wild radish (Raphanus raphanistrum), of perennial weeds, yellow sow-thistle (Sonchus arvensis L.) and field horsetail (Equisetum arvense L.) prevailed. Weediness of crops did not have a significant effect on the yield of forage crops in the links of crop rotations. Among the five-field crop rotations, the highest productivity was observed in the variant with two fields of meadow clover (2.5 thousand fodder units/ha) with the content of digestible protein in 1 fodder unit 99.1 g

scholarly journals Distribution of the most common weeds from fam. Asteraceae in Srem

Pesticidi ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 17 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 39-57
Author(s):  
Ruzica Igic ◽  
Branko Konstantinovic ◽  
Dubravka Polic ◽  
Goran Anackov
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Cichorium Intybus ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Ecological Group ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis ◽  
Common Plant ◽  
Asteraceae Family ◽  
Common Plant Species

Weeds fall into a specific ecological group of plants and man should play the key role in controlling the process of their formation and the rate of their spreading. Damage caused by weeds is significant in both the agricultural and natural ecosystems. Therefore, special care should be paid to the current rate of their spreading, ensuring that the caused environmental changes do not become irreversible. The paper summarizes the locations in which the most common weed types of the Asteraceae family (Cichorium intybus, Cirsium arvense, Sonchus arvensis, Taraxacum officinale) are found. They are recorded on the UTM coded maps of Vojvodina (10x10 km). Presence of the Cirsium arvense (L) Scop., the most common plant species in the area of Srem, has been recorded in fewer locations in the south of Srem in comparison with the rest of its territory. Taraxacum officinale Web. and Cichorium intybus have spread at a lesser rate, while Sonchus arvensis has spread the least of all the species that are subject to this research.

Influence of temperature and photoperiod on sprouting capacity of Cirsium arvense and Sonchus arvensis root buds

Weed Research ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 52 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-457 ◽  
Author(s):  
J LIEW ◽  
L ANDERSSON ◽  
U BOSTRÖM ◽  
J FORKMAN ◽  
I HAKMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Influence Of Temperature ◽  
Sprouting Capacity ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis ◽  
Root Buds

Nonenolides and cytochalasins with phytotoxic activity against Cirsium arvense and Sonchus arvensis: A structure–activity relationships study

2008 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 953-960 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Berestetskiy ◽  
Andrey Dmitriev ◽  
Galina Mitina ◽  
Iosif Lisker ◽  
Anna Andolfi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Structure Activity Relationships ◽  
Phytotoxic Activity ◽  
Structure Activity ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

scholarly journals Changes in weed species spectrum of perennial weeds on arable land, meadows and pastures

2010 ◽  
Vol 45 (Special Issue) ◽  
pp. S63-S66 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Mikulka ◽  
M. Korčáková ◽  
V. Burešová ◽  
J. Andr
Keyword(s):  
Arable Land ◽  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Cirsium Arvense ◽  
Artemisia Vulgaris ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
High Increase ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Perennial Weeds ◽  
Elytrigia Repens ◽  
Sonchus Arvensis

Occurrence of selected perennial weeds has been monitored at control sites across the Czech Republic since 1989, and trends of their occurrence have been evaluated. The monitoring has been aimed mainly at <i>Cirsium arvense</i> (L.) SCOP, <i>Sonchus arvensis</i> L., <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i> L., <i>Stachys palustris</i> L., <i>Bolboschoenus planiculmis</i>, <i>Bolboschoenus laticarpus</i>, and <i>Elytrigia repens</i> (L.) NEV. on arable land and <i>Taraxacum officinale</i> L.A. on pastures and meadows. High increase in the frequency of occurrence of <i>C. arvense</i> and <i>E. repens</i> was found out in the mid-nineties while the infestation frequency with these two weeds decreased later on. The occurrence of infestation with the other perennial weeds <i>Cirsium arvense</i>, <i>Elytrigia repens</i>, <i>Sonchus arvensis</i>, <i>Bolboschoenus planiculmis, <i>Bolboschoenus laticarpus</i>, <i>Stachys palustris</i>, <i>Artemisia vulgaris</i> and <i>Taraxacum officinale</i> L.A. slightly but continually increased.

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