Sleep Problems Among Infants and Young Children

1996 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 87-92
Author(s):  
Nathan J. Blum ◽  
William B. Carey
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Waking And Sleep ◽  
Intrinsic Sleep Disorders ◽  
Parental Concerns ◽  
Night Terrors ◽  
Sleep Talking ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood ◽  
Night Waking

Parental concerns about their young children's sleep are among the most frequent behavior problems discussed with pediatricians. In view of this high prevalence, it is important to review the origins of these problems and emerging information about how best to manage them. Definition Sleep disorders among children can be classified as dyssomnias, parasomnias, and disruptions secondary to other conditions. The dyssomnias are disturbances in the amount or timing of the sleep. They include intrinsic sleep disorders such as narcolepsy and sleep apnea, interactional sleep disorders such as excessive night waking, and sleep phase disorders, when the time the parents assign for sleep and the child's period of needing it are not synchronous. Parasomnias, on the other hand, are abnormal behaviors that occur during sleep, such as night terrors, nightmares, sleep walking, and sleep talking. Sleep also can be disturbed as the result of various mental and physical conditions, including asthma, epilepsy, and anxiety disorders. The dyssomnias (sleep refusal and night waking) and parasomnias (night terrors and nightmares) of infancy and early childhood are the most common complaints of parents to pediatricians. Sometimes, however, parents may not seek help for these problems; at other times, they may be concerned by what actually is normal sleep behavior.

scholarly journals Sleep disorders in essential tremor: systematic review and meta-analysis

SLEEP ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Félix Javier Jiménez-Jiménez ◽  
Hortensia Alonso-Navarro ◽  
Elena García-Martín ◽  
José A G Agúndez
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Essential Tremor ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Search Term ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract Sleep disorders are frequent in patients diagnosed with essential tremor (ET). The present review focuses on sleep disorders and the results of polysomnographic studies performed in patients with ET. For this purpose we performed a systematic review crossing the search term “essential tremor” with “sleep,” “sleep disorders,” “sleep disturbances” and “polysomnography,” and with specific sleep disorders, according to the International Classification of the Sleep Disorders—Third Edition, using the PubMed, EMBASE, MEDLINE, and Web of Science Databases. The most frequent sleep problems reported by patients with ET were the bad quality of sleep and excessive daytime somnolence (the latter could be related to drugs commonly used for the treatment of ET). Probable rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, coexistent restless legs syndrome, insomnia, and nocturia were not infrequent complaints, while the presence of other sleep disorders in patients with ET was restricted to anecdotal reports or not described. Meta-analyses of previous reports showed that patients with ET (according to the PRISMA and MOOSE guidelines) showed higher scores in the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale than controls and lower scores than those of patients diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease. Studies using polysomnography in patients with ET are scarce and do not permit to establish valid conclusions regarding polysomnographic features in this disorder.

scholarly journals Sleep Disturbance, Cognitive Decline, and Dementia: A Review

2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (04) ◽  
pp. 395-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Wu ◽  
Paul Rosenberg ◽  
Adam Spira ◽  
Alexandra Wennberg
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Sleep Disturbance ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Disturbed Sleep ◽  
People With Dementia ◽  
Sleep Parameters

AbstractApproximately half of older people report sleep disturbances, which are associated with various health conditions, including neurodegenerative disease and dementia. Indeed, 60 to 70% of people with cognitive impairment or dementia have sleep disturbances, which are linked to poorer disease prognosis. Sleep disturbances in people with dementia have long been recognized and studied; however, in the past 10 years, researchers have begun to study disturbed sleep, including sleep fragmentation, abnormal sleep duration, and sleep disorders, as risk factors for dementia. In this review the authors summarize evidence linking sleep disturbance and dementia. They describe how specific aspects of sleep (e.g., quality, duration) and the prevalence of clinical sleep disorders (e.g., sleep-disordered breathing, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder) change with age; how sleep parameters and sleep disorders are associated with the risk of dementia; how sleep can be disturbed in dementia; and how disturbed sleep affects dementia prognosis. These findings highlight the potential importance of identifying and treating sleep problems and disorders in middle-aged and older adults as a strategy to prevent cognitive decline and dementia. The authors also review recent evidence linking sleep disturbances to the pathophysiology underlying dementing conditions, and briefly summarize available treatments for sleep disorders in people with dementia.

scholarly journals Sleep problems among children with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD)- an explorative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Anna Dylag ◽  
Bożena Bando ◽  
Zbigniew Baran ◽  
Paulina Dumnicka ◽  
Katarzyna Kowalska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Reference Data ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Typically Developing ◽  
Fetal Alcohol ◽  
Typically Developing Children ◽  
Laboratory Reference ◽  
Spectrum Disorders ◽  
Fetal Alcohol Spectrum

Abstract Background Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) is a group of conditions resulting from prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE). Patients with FASD experience a variety of neuropsychological symptoms resulting from central nervous system impairment. Little is known about sleep disorders associated with PAE. The objective of this study was to investigate sleep problems related to FASD. Methods Forty patients (median age 8 years (6; 11)) diagnosed with FASD and forty typically developing children (median age 10 years (8; 13)) were recruited for the 1st phase of the study. In the 1st phase, the screening of sleep problems was performed with Child Sleep Habit Questionnaire (CSHQ) filled in by a caregiver. Those of the FASD group who scored above 41 points were qualified to the 2nd phase of the study and had an in-lab attended polysomnography (PSG) performed. The measurements consisted of electroencephalogram, electrooculograms, chin and tibial electromyogram, electrocardiogram, ventilatory monitoring, breathing effort, pulse oximetry, snoring and body position. Their results were compared to PSG laboratory reference data. Results The number of participants with sleep disturbances was markedly higher in the FASD group as compared to typically developing children (55% vs. 20%). The age-adjusted odds ratio for a positive result in CSHQ was 4.31 (95% CI: 1.54–12.11; p = 0.005) for FASD patients as compared to the control group. Significant differences between the FASD as compared to the typically developing children were observed in the following subscales: sleep onset delay, night wakings, parasomnias, sleep disordered breathing, and daytime sleepiness. Children from the FASD group who underwent PSG experienced more arousals during the sleep as compared with the PSG laboratory reference data. The respiratory indices in FASD group appear higher than previously published data from typically developing children. Conclusion The results support the clinical observation that sleep disorders appear to be an important health problem in individuals with FASD. In particular distorted sleep architecture and apneic/hypopneic events need further attention.

The link between sleep problems in infancy and early childhood and attention problems at 5 and 14years: Evidence from a birth cohort study

2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (7) ◽  
pp. 419-424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances V. O'Callaghan ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun ◽  
Michael O'Callaghan ◽  
Alexandra Clavarino ◽  
Gail M. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Birth Cohort Study ◽  
Infancy And Early Childhood

scholarly journals Sleep disorder: a possible cause of attention deficit in children and adolescents with Chiari malformation type II

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Sérgio Azeredo Henriques Filho ◽  
Riccardo Pratesi
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Apnea ◽  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Attention Deficit ◽  
Chiari Malformation ◽  
Sleep Apnea Syndrome ◽  
Rem Sleep Behavior Disorder ◽  
Behavior Disorder ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Apnea Syndrome

BACKGROUND: Attention deficit may be related to sleep disorders in Chiari malformation type II (CMII). Our aim is identify sleep disorders and their specific contribution in attention deficit. METHOD: We selected 24 patients with CM II and 24 without CM II. DSM-IV criteria and a neuropsychological analysis were applied in all. All patients underwent full night polysomnography. RESULTS: 14 CM II patients presented sleep apnea syndrome, REM sleep behavior disorder and periodic limb movement in sleep; six patients without CM II presented sleep apnea syndrome. Among these patients, 12 (six with CM II and six without CM II) presented attention deficit related to the sleep disorders. CONCLUSION: Sleep disorders may impair cognitive functions, as attention, and contribute to poor quality of learning also in patients with CM II.

The Functional Impact of Sleep Disorders in Children With ADHD

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie G. Craig ◽  
Margaret D. Weiss ◽  
Kristen L. Hudec ◽  
Christopher Gibbins
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Parent Report ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Children With Adhd ◽  
Sleep Complaints ◽  
Sleep Schedule

Objective: Children with ADHD display higher rates of sleep problems, and both sleep disorders and ADHD have been shown to affect functioning in childhood. The current study examines the frequency and relationship between sleep problems and ADHD, and their impact on quality of life (QoL) and functional impairment. Method: Parents of 192 children with ADHD ( M = 10.23 years) completed measures regarding their child’s ADHD symptoms (Swanson, Nolan and Pelham [SNAP]), sleep disorders (Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire [PSQ]), QoL (Child Health Illness Profile [CHIP-PE]), and functioning (Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale–Parent Report [WFIRS-P]). Results: Common sleep complaints in participants were insomnia, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), and variability in sleep schedule. Regression analysis indicated that sleep problems and ADHD symptoms independently predicted lower levels of QoL (Δ R2 = .12, p < .001) and social functioning (Δ R2 = .12, p < .001). Conclusion: The results suggest that ADHD may coexist with somnolence and that both conditions have a significant impact on a child’s functioning and QoL.

Perceived Partner Responsiveness Predicts Better Sleep Quality Through Lower Anxiety

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emre Selcuk ◽  
Sarah C. E. Stanton ◽  
Richard B. Slatcher ◽  
Anthony D. Ong
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Quality ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Sleep Efficiency ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Study ◽  
Sleep Behavior ◽  
Subjective Sleep ◽  
Perceived Partner Responsiveness ◽  
Partner Responsiveness

The present study investigated whether perceived partner responsiveness—the extent to which individuals feel cared for, understood, and validated by their partner—predicted subjective sleep problems and objective (actigraph-based) sleep efficiency through lower anxiety and depression symptoms. A life span sample of 698 married or cohabiting adults (35–86 years old) completed measures of perceived partner responsiveness and subjective sleep problems. A subset of the sample ( N = 219) completed a weeklong sleep study where actigraph-based measures of sleep efficiency were obtained. Perceived partner responsiveness predicted lower self-reported global sleep problems through lower anxiety and depression and greater actigraph-assessed sleep efficiency through lower anxiety. All indirect associations held after controlling for emotional support provision to the partner, agreeableness, and demographic and health covariates known to affect sleep quality. These findings are among the first to demonstrate how perceived partner responsiveness, a core aspect of romantic relationships, is linked to sleep behavior.

Prenatal and early life origins of adolescence sleep problems: evidence from a birth cohort

2018 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaqoot Fatima ◽  
Alice Cairns ◽  
Isabelle Skinner ◽  
Suhail A.R. Doi ◽  
Abdullah Al Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Cohort ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Error Variance ◽  
Poor Health ◽  
Lifestyle Choices ◽  
Close Observation ◽  
Potential Strategy ◽  
Sleep Talking

Abstract Purpose This study aims to identify the prenatal and early life predictors of adolescence sleep problems. Methods Sleep data (n = 5081) from the 14-year (13.92 ± 0.34 years) follow-up of a birth cohort were analyzed to explore the predictors of adolescence trouble sleeping, nightmares, snoring and sleep talking/walking. Data from the antenatal period till adolescence were explored for identifying predictors of adolescence sleep problems. Modified Poisson regression with a robust error variance was used to identify significant predictors. Results Our results suggest that about a quarter of adolescents in our study sample had sleep maintenance problems (nightmares: 27.88%, snoring: 23.20%, sleepwalking/talking 27.72%). The prevalence rate of sleep initiation problems was even higher (trouble sleeping: 40.61%). Our results suggest that antenatal and early-life factors, e.g. maternal smoking, anxiety, sleep problems in childhood, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms, and poor health are significant predictors of adolescence sleep problems. Conclusions This study demonstrates the predictive role of prenatal and early life risk factors in adolescence sleep problems. It seems that exposure to prenatal and early life risk factors increase the vulnerability for sleep problems later in life, which is further supported by poor health and lifestyle choices in adolescence. Therefore, close observation and mitigation of factors associated with early life risk factors could be a potential strategy for preventing sleep problems later in life.

ESCAPE STRESS, SLEEP DISORDERS, AND ASSIMILATION OF REFUGEES

1990 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zack Z. Cernovsky
Keyword(s):  
Sleep Disorders ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Sleep Problems ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Questionnaire Data ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
Falling Asleep

Questionnaire data from 38 Czechoslovak refugees living in Switzerland indicated that repetitive nightmares about escaping the exhomeland were more frequent in refugees who described their real life act of escape as more frightening or risky. The level of satisfaction with life in the host country was unrelated to the incidence of escape nightmares but was inversely related to incidence of other sleep problems (restless sleep and difficulties falling asleep).

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