scholarly journals Utility of Blood Culture Among Children Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
pp. e20171013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark I. Neuman ◽  
Matthew Hall ◽  
Susan C. Lipsett ◽  
Adam L. Hersh ◽  
Derek J. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia

scholarly journals Clinical Presentation and Bacterial Etiology of Adult Community Acquired Pneumonia

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-134
Author(s):  
Md Abdus Salam ◽  
Md Robed Amin ◽  
Quazi Tarikul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Streptococcus Pneumoniae ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Mycoplasma Pneumoniae ◽  
Chlamydia Pneumoniae ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Introduction: Pneumonia is a worldwide, serious threat to health and an enormous socio-economic burden for health care system. According to recent WHO data, each year 3-4 million patients die from pneumonia. The clinical presentations and bacterial agents responsible for community acquired pneumonia (CAP) varies according to geography and culture.Methods: A cross sectional observational study conducted among the 53 consecutive patients with a clinical diagnosis of CAP in admitted patient in the department of Medicine, DMCH, during January 2010 to December 2010. Hematological measurements (TC of WBC, Hb%, ESR, platelet count), blood culture, chest X-ray P/A view, sputum for Gram staining and culture sensitivity, sputum for AFB, blood urea and random blood sugar were done in all cases. ELISA for IgM antibody of Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae were done in sputum culture negative cases.Results: The mean (±SD) age was 38.9±17.3 years and Male female ratio was 3:1. Fever, chest pain and productive cough were the most common clinical features. The mean (±SD) respiratory rate was 23.0±2.8 /minute . COPD and DM were found in 17.0% and 5.7% of patients respectively . Blood culture was found positive in only 1.9% of the study patients. Gram positive Cocci 62.26%, Gram negative Bacilli 9.43%, mixed Gram positive cocci and Gram negative bacilli 11.32% and Gram negative Cocco Bacilli 1.9% were observed and in 15.03 % cases, no bacteria could be seen. Sputum culture revealed 53.8% streptococcus pneumoniae, 26.9% Klebsiella pneumonia as predominant organism. Mycoplasma pneumoniae and Chlamydia pneumoniae were found in 7.4% and 3.7% respectively by serological test. For Streptococcus pneumoniae, sensitive antibiotics were Amoxyclav and Levofloxacin. For Gram negative bacilli and coccobacilli, more sensitive antibiotics were Meropenem, Ceftriaxone, and Clarithromycin. The best sensitive drug were found meropenem. The mean (±SD) duration of hospital stay was 5.0±1.7 days with ranging from 3 to 10 days.Conclusion: Region based bacteroiological diagnosis of Cap is important for selecting the best and sensitive drugs for complete cure.J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2016; 34(3): 128-134

scholarly journals Common Pathogens and Their Resistance to Antimicrobials in Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP): A Single Center Study in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5144-5153
Author(s):  
Abu Kausar Mohammad ◽  
Morshed Nasir ◽  
Sujat Paul ◽  
Habibur Rahman ◽  
Kalam Abul ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Pneumonia is a worldwide, serious threat to health and an enormous socio-economic burden for health care system. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is associated with a significant mortality and morbidity. Knowledge of predominant microbial patterns in CAP constitutes the basis for initial decisions about empirical antimicrobial treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the bacterial etiology of CAP in adult hospitalized patients and to see their antibiotic sensitivity pattern. It was a hospital based cross sectional observational study on 87 hospitalized patients diagnosed with CAP admitted in Medicine department of Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH). Sputum for Gram staining, Z N staining, culture sensitivity, blood culture and sensitivity and PCR for Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumonia and Streptococcus pneumonia were done. Patients were followed up for in-hospital outcome and 30-day mortality. The mean (±SD) age was 49.59±16.97 years and male female ratio was 1.56:1. Sputum culture, blood culture and PCR were positive in 60.9%, 1.1% and 4.6% of the samples respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae was identified in the sputum culture of the majority of the patients (39.1%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.3%), Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (5.7%). The only one sample which was positive in blood culture and it was Staphylococcus aureus. Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified in all the 4 PCR positive cases. The highly sensitive drugs were meropenem, levofloxacin and amikacin. In hospital mortality and 30-day mortality was 6.9% and 16.1% respectively. Gram-negative bacteria pre-dominate in the bacteriologic profile of CAP using conventional sputum and blood culture. There is need for further conventional serologic tests for atypical and viral pathogens in all patients admitted with CAP.

scholarly journals P176 Blood culture in childhood community-acquired pneumonia- when should we do it?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bazlin Ramly ◽  
Animitra Das ◽  
Juliette Lucey ◽  
Navdeep Kaur Brar
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia

scholarly journals Risk factors of community acquired pneumonia among the elderly population: A study in a semi urban area

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
Kunachgi Preeti Nagkumar ◽  
Ch Bhadra Reddy ◽  
M Hima Bindu ◽  
Chinthaparthi Mallikarjuna Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Pseudomonas Aeruginosa ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Klebsiella Pneumoniae ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Ultra Sound ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Culture And Sensitivity

Pneumonia is defined as an infection and inflammation of the alveoli and the bronchioles. It is caused by microorganisms when the hosts’ defences are overcome by their virulence. Community Acquired Pneumonia affects people of all age groups, though the elderly is especially susceptible. This retrospective study was conducted on 56 patients above the age of 65 years who were admitted to our hospital for pneumonia. Demographic data of the patients such as age, sex, weight, temperature blood pressure etc. was taken. History of underlying disease, comorbidities, cardiopulmonary function was noted. Data on the laboratory investigations such as Complete Blood Picture, haemoglobin estimation, Blood glucose levels, Kidney function tests, liver function rests, electrolyte levels, CRP, D Dimer were noted. Details of chest X rays or Ultra sound, ABG analysis were also noted. Details of sputum culture and sensitivity and blood culture and sensitivity for the patients was also noted. the most common comorbidity was hypertension, followed by cerebrovascular diseases cardiopathy, COPD and diabetes. Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated in 69.6%, Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 48.2%, Candida albicans in 51.8% and Acinetobacter baumanni in 44.6% cases in sputum culture and in blood culture Klebsiella pneumoniae was isolated in 16.1%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 8.9% cases. Community acquired pneumonia contributes significantly to the health burden of the world especially causing severe morbidity and mortality among the elderly patients. For a better prognosis, it is important to diagnose and identify the risk factors so that the severity of the infection can be prevented.

scholarly journals Neonatal Pneumonia in NICU of a Tertiary Care Center

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 112-117
Author(s):  
MA Mannan ◽  
Nazmun Nahar ◽  
Firoz Ahmed ◽  
Ismat Jahan ◽  
Taskina Mosleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Neonatal Infection ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Sick Newborn ◽  
Hospital Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Background: Pneumonia is one of the causes of neonatal infection and responsible for significant morbidity and mortality, especially in developing countries. The study was aimed to reveal frequency and outcome of pneumonia among hospitalized sick newborn of neonatal intensive care unit. Methodology: This observational study was carried out in the NICU of Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) on 94 neonates with the diagnosis of pneumonia admitted from July 2012 to June 2014. All studied neonates were subjected to history taking, clinical examination, routine investigations, chest radiography and blood culture and sensitivity. Results: Incidence of neonatal pneumonia was 43% among admitted neonates with respiratory distress. Mean birth weight and gestational age were 2392±854 and 33±3.9 weeks respectively. Of enrolled infants with pneumonia, 38 (40.4%) were early onset, 24 (25%) were hospital acquired pneumonia and community acquired pneumonia was documented in 14 (14.8 %) and the rest 18 (19%) were ventilator associated pneumonia. Blood culture was positive in 18 (19%) of cases with neonatal pneumonia; most common pathogen isolated was acinetobacter. Mean duration of hospital stay was 19±8 days. Most of the neonatal pneumonia were cured 72 (76%) with therapy, whereas 17 (18%) died during their hospital course. Conclusion: Overall incidence among admitted sick neonates was 8.4% which constituted 34% of distressed neonate. Bangladesh J Child Health 2018; VOL 42 (3) :112-117

scholarly journals 2213. Etiology of Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) in Hospitalized Native American Adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S754-S755
Author(s):  
Laura Hammitt ◽  
Amanda Driscoll ◽  
Robert Weatherholtz ◽  
Raymond Reid ◽  
Janene Colelay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Native Americans ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Influenza A ◽  
Virus Detection ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Common Etiology ◽  
Case Status ◽  
Type 3

Abstract Background Native Americans experience a high burden of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Thirteen-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) was introduced for adults ≥65yrs in 2014. Data on CAP etiology can guide prevention and treatment. Methods We enrolled adults hospitalized with CAP and age-group-matched non-hospitalized controls on Navajo and White Mountain Apache tribal lands. Nasopharyngeal/oropharyngeal (NP/OP) swabs from cases and controls were tested by multiplex PCR for respiratory pathogens. Urine from cases and controls was tested for pneumococcus (Sp) by conventional (BinaxNOW) and serotype-specific urine antigen detection (UAD) for 24 serotypes (PCV13 types plus 2, 8, 9N, 10A, 11A, 12F, 15B, 17F, 20, 22F, 33F). Blood culture and chest radiographs (CXRs) were obtained from cases at the provider’s discretion. Radiographic pneumonia was determined by clinical interpretation of CXRs. Results From March 2016 to March 2018, we enrolled 580 CAP cases with CXR confirmation and 411 controls. Positive blood culture was identified in 42/483 (9%), of which 29 (69%) were Sp. Sp was detected in 164/572 (29%) cases (table). Of 125 cases with serotype information available, serotypes 3 (n = 35; 28%) 8 (n = 19; 15%) and 20 (n = 15; 12%) were the most common. Among 53 Sp cases aged ≥65 years, 26 (49%) were PCV13-type. Compared with blood culture, UAD was 100% sensitive and 100% concordant (n = 24). Viruses were detected by NP/OP PCR in 43% of CAP cases and 18% of controls. Influenza A, parainfluenza type 3, rhinovirus, and RSV were statistically significantly associated with case status. Among 263 cases in whom all diagnostic tests were collected, 63% had a pathogen detected: bacteria alone in 19%, viruses alone in 23%, and both bacterial and viral infection in 22%. Bacterial causes outnumbered viral causes when adjusting for virus detection in the control population. Conclusion Pneumococci were the most common etiology identified among Native American adults with CAP. UAD improved detection of pneumococcal CAP. Respiratory viruses also contributed substantially to CAP burden. Broader prevention strategies, including new vaccines, are required to prevent viral pneumonia and pneumococcal pneumonia caused by serotypes not contained in currently-available vaccines. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

scholarly journals Common Pathogens and Their Resistance to Antimicrobials in Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP): A Single Center Study in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kausar MA ◽  
Nasir M ◽  
Paul S ◽  
Rahman MH ◽  
Kalam A ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Blood Culture ◽  
Legionella Pneumophila ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Pneumonia is a worldwide, serious threat to health and an enormous socio-economic burden for health care system. Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is associated with a significant mortality and morbidity. Knowledge of predominant microbial patterns in CAP constitutes the basis for initial decisions about empirical antimicrobial treatment. The aim of this study was to identify the bacterial etiology of CAP in adult hospitalized patients and to see their antibiotic sensitivity pattern as well as to observe their clinical profile and short term outcome. It was a hospital based prospective observational study. A total of 87 hospitalized patients diagnosed with CAP were enrolled consecutively from the medicine ward of Chittagong Medical College Hospital (CMCH). Sputum for Gram staining, Z N staining, culture sensitivity, blood culture and sensitivity and PCR for Legionella pneumophila, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, Chlamydophila pneumonia and Streptococcus pneumonia were done. Patients were followed up for in-hospital outcome and 30-day mortality. The mean (±SD) age was 49.59±16.97 years and male female ratio was 1.56:1. Fever, chest pain and cough were the most common clinical features. Sputum culture, blood culture and PCR were positive in 60.9%, 1.1% and 4.6% of the samples respectively. Klebsiella pneumoniae was identified in the sputum culture of the majority of the patients (39.1%), followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10.3%), Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli (5.7%). The only one sample which was positive in blood culture and it was Staphylococcus aureus. Streptococcus pneumoniae was identified in all the 4 PCR positive cases. The highly sensitive drugs were meropenem, levofloxacin and amikacin. The mean (±SD) duration of hospital stay was 6.34±2.37. In hospital mortality and 30-day mortality was 6.9% and 16.1% respectively. Gram-negative bacteria pre-dominate in the bacteriologic profile of CAP using conventional sputum and blood culture. There is need for further conventional serologic tests for atypical and viral pathogens in all patients admitted with CAP.

scholarly journals Burkholderia cepacia Sepsis in a Previously Healthy Full-Term Infant

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Carlos A. Carmona ◽  
Alberto Marante ◽  
Fatma Levent ◽  
Sarah Marsicek
Keyword(s):  
Blood Culture ◽  
Chronic Granulomatous Disease ◽  
Burkholderia Cepacia ◽  
Lower Lobe ◽  
Severe Hypoglycemia ◽  
Community Acquired Pneumonia ◽  
Term Infant ◽  
Granulomatous Disease ◽  
Febrile Infant ◽  
The Right

Burkholderia cepacia causes sepsis in neonates who are immunocompromised or exposed via nosocomial transmission. We report a case of B. cepacia sepsis in a previously healthy 5-week-old male originally treated for bacterial pneumonia per chest X-ray findings and 3 days of fevers. Regardless of appropriate antibiotics and an initial negative blood culture, he developed severe hypoglycemia, circulatory collapse with disseminated intravascular coagulopathy, and expired. A second blood culture taken following transfer to the intensive care unit resulted positive for B. cepacia postmortem. Review of the newborn screen and family history was otherwise normal. Subsequent postmortem autopsy showed multifocal bilateral pneumonia with necrotizing granulomatous and suppurative portions of lung tissue. Additionally, there was a prominent cavitary lesion 2.5 cm in the right lower lobe with branching and septate fungal hyphae. Stellate microabscesses with granulomas were present in the liver and spleen. These findings plus B. cepacia bacteremia are highly suggestive of an immunocompromised status. Review of the literature shows that its presence has been associated with chronic granulomatous disease. Therefore, in a persistently febrile infant not responding to antibiotics for common microbes causing community-acquired pneumonia, immunodeficiency workup should ensue in addition to respective testing for chronic granulomatous disease especially if B. cepacia culture-positive as it is strongly associated with neutrophil dysfunction.

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