Hyperinsulinemia in Healthy Children and Adolescents With a Positive Family History for Type 2 Diabetes

PEDIATRICS ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 118 (5) ◽  
pp. e1516-e1522 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Rodriguez-Moran ◽  
F. Guerrero-Romero
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Healthy Children

scholarly journals Characteristics and Needs of Children and Adolescents Diagnosed with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Santa Clara County, California

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 20-33
Author(s):  
Shoshanah M. Orzech ◽  
Clarie B. Hollenbeck ◽  
Paige Reddan ◽  
Lucy M. McProud
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Diabetes Management ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
The United States ◽  
Physical Characteristics ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Objective: The study objectives were to examine the characteristics and perceived needs of children and adolescents diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Design: Data were gathered via self-administered questionnaires pertaining to demographics, family history of type 2 diabetes, physical characteristics, lifestyle/exercise behaviors, dietary behaviors and interests in meeting other youth with type 2 diabetes. Subjects and their parents/guardians were asked to complete separate questionnaires and afterwards, each youth participated in a follow-up interview related to diabetes management. Subjects: Participants (N=14) were obtained from a population of youth diagnosed with type 2 diabetes seeking medical care at the Kaiser Santa Teresa Pediatric Endocrine Clinic in Santa Clara, CA. Eleven of the subjects were Latino (79%) and the remaining 3 were Asian American (21%). Subjects ranged in age from 10 to 18 years with a mean age of 13.8 ± 2.3 years. The mean age at diagnosis was 12.7 ± 2.3 years with a range from eightand-a-half years to 17 years when first diagnosed. The mean body mass index (BMI) of the participants was 33.5 ± 6.2 kg/m2 . Statistical Analysis: Descriptive statistics were utilized for all analyses including discrete and continuous data to determine counts, percentages, means, and standard deviations. Results: The youth characteristics in the present study were consistent with previous studies that have examined the demographics, physical characteristics, and family history of type 2 diabetes among youth in the United States. Acanthosis nigricans, a hyperinsulinemic condition, was present in 10 of the 14 (71%) of the youth and most were overweight or obese with a mean BMI of 33.5 ± 6.2 kg/m2 . A positive family history for diabetes was evident in most subjects, however, this positive history did not lead to an increase in diabetes knowledge among youth. Most youth subjects were sedentary and were more likely to make dietary changes than exercise changes to manage their diabetes. Interests in attending youth summer camps or family camps geared towards diabetes education were quite high. As the characteristics and diabetes risk factors of type 2 diabetes among youth continue to be identified, and as it continues to increase in this population, culturally appropriate prevention programs will need to be designed and implemented to address the needs of this unique population.

scholarly journals Differential expression of micro RNA-29 family in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uzair Abbas ◽  
Bushra Imdad ◽  
Sikander Adil Mughal ◽  
Israr Ahmed Baloch ◽  
Afshan Mehboob Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Micro Rna ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Abstract Objective MicroRNAs are known to regulate 60% of genes at post translational level. MicroRNAs including Micro RNA-29 family play a vital role in cellular activities and have validate role in numerous metabolic disorders inclusive of diabetes mellitus and its complications. While micro RNA profile changes years before the occurrence of disease. This cross-sectional study was conducted in non-diabetic adults of diabetic and non-diabetic parents to explore the early changes in expression of micro RNA-29 family as it can be served as early biomarker of type 2 diabetes in non-diabetic adults. This study was conducted from January 2019 to January 2021. Micro RNA was extracted from plasma of 50 participants and expression was compared through qPCR. While data was analyzed through SPSS version 21.0. Results 29a and 29b had lower expression in participants with family history of DM compared to those having no family history of DM (P < 0.0001). While micro RNA 29c was found to be significantly higher in participants with positive family history of type 2 diabetes as compared to those without family history of diabetes (P = 0.001).

scholarly journals Potential risk factors for developing diabetes mellitus type 2

2010 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 231-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dusica Zivanovic ◽  
Sandra Sipetic ◽  
Marina Stamenkovic-Radak ◽  
Jelena Milasin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Diabetes Type 2 ◽  
Diabetes Type ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes ◽  
History Of

Introduction Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a common multifactorial genetic syndrome, which is determined by several genes and environmental factors. The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of risk factors for developing diabetes type 2 among diabetic individuals and to compare the presence of risk factors among diabetic individuals with and without positive family history for type 2 diabetes. Material and methods This study was conducted in Cuprija during the period from February to June 2002. The case group included 137 individuals having diagnosis type 2 diabetes. The control group included 129 subjects having the following diagnoses: hypertension, angina pectoris, chronic obstructive lung disease, gastric ulcer or duodenal ulcer. All participants were interviewed at the Medical Center Cuprija using structural questionnaire. The data were collected regarding demographic characteristics, exposure to various chemical and physical agents, stress, smoking, obesity, physical inactivity and family history of diabetes. In the statistical analysis chi square test was used. Results The diabetic individuals were statistically significantly older (40 and more years old) (p=0,000), and they came from rural areas more frequently (p=0,006) than the individuals without diabetes. Significantly more diabetics had lower educational level (p=0,000) and they were agriculture workers and housewives significantly more frequently (p=0,000) than nondiabetic individuals. Furthermore, obesity (p=0,000) and physical inactivity (p=0,003) were significantly more frequent among the diabetic individuals than the nondiabetics. The diabetic individuals had significanly (p=0,000) more numbers of relatives with diabetes mellitus type 2 than the nondiabetics. The diabetic individuals with positive family history of diabetes were significantly older (p=0,021) and more frequently from urban areas (p=0,018) than the diabetic individuals without the positive family history of diabetes. Also they were significantly less exposed to physical agents (p=0,004). Discussion In our study, like in many others, age, place of residence, education, occupation, obesity, physical inactivity, positive family history of diabetes type 2 and exposure to physical agents were identified as potential risk factors for diabetes type 2. Conclusion Different risk factors are probably responsible for developing type 2 diabetes among individuals with and without positive family history of type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals The effects of obesity along with other risk factors on type 2 diabetic patients in the northwest of Libya

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-123
Author(s):  
Khaled Ali ALawaini ◽  
Mustafa Ali Abugila
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
High Fasting Plasma Glucose ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Type 2 diabetes has several causes, such as family history, age, physical inactivity, and unhealthy food. Obesity is a significant cause of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Microvascular and macrovascular complications are associated with long-term diabetes. However, the main objective in this study is to search for complications and risk factors related to diabetes. Therefore, 472 diabetic patients with type 2 diabetes from northwest Libya participated in this study. Face-to-face interviews conducted using a questionnaire asking each patient information about name, age, sex, duration of disease, family history, and measured body mass index (BMI). A biochemical analysis (FPG, HbA1c, cholesterol, and triglyceride) was also performed on diabetic patients. Our results showed that 60.6% of type 2 diabetic patients had a positive family history. Poor glycemic control identified by high fasting plasma glucose (FPG) 186±9 mg/dl, and glycated hemoglobin was (HbA1C) 8.36%±1.8.

scholarly journals We are Family

2010 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 88-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Omolafe ◽  
Michele Mouttapa ◽  
Shari McMahan ◽  
Sora Park Tanjasiri
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
African Americans ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
History Of

This cross-sectional study sought to describe an association between family history of type-2 diabetes and the awareness of risk factors, perceived threat and physical activity levels in African Americans. With a prevalence of 11.8%, African Americans remain disproportionately affected by the epidemic of diabetes. A risk factor that cannot be modified, but is important and closely linked with diabetes expression, family history, can be a considerable tool in promoting behavior change and reducing the risk of developing the condition in African Americans. A self-report questionnaire was administered to 133 church going African Americans, with 55 of them with a positive family history of type-2 diabetes (41.4%) and 78 (58.6%) without. None of the participants had been previously been diagnosed with type-2 diabetes. The results from the study indicated that African Americans with positive family history had a greater knowledge of risk factors, were more likely to indicate that their concern about the disease influences their eating habits and physical activity, and engaged in significantly more physical activity than those with no family history.

scholarly journals Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 and Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor (MIF) Are Increased in Young Healthy Nonobese Subjects with Positive Family History of Type 2 Diabetes

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Nikołajuk ◽  
Natalia Matulewicz ◽  
Magdalena Stefanowicz ◽  
Monika Karczewska-Kupczewska
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Family History ◽  
Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Macrophage Migration ◽  
History Of

Insulin resistance increases the risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) even in the absence of classic risk factors, such as hyperglycemia, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Low-grade chronic inflammatory state is associated both with insulin resistance and atherosclerosis. An increased circulating level of proinflammatory proatherogenic factors and biomarkers of endothelial activation was observed in diabetes and CVD. The aim of our study was to assess serum proatherogenic and proinflammatory factors in young healthy nonobese subjects with positive family history of type 2 diabetes. We studied 74 young healthy nonobese subjects with normal glucose tolerance (age < 35 years, BMI < 30 kg/m2), 29 with positive family history of type 2 diabetes (relatives, 25 males and 4 females) and 45 subjects without family history of diabetes (control group, 39 males and 6 females). Hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp was performed, and serum concentrations of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), interleukin 18 (IL-18), macrophage inhibitory cytokine 1 (MIC-1), macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP-9), and soluble forms of adhesion molecules were measured. Relatives had markedly lower insulin sensitivity (p=0.019) and higher serum MMP-9 (p<0.001) and MIF (p=0.006), but not other chemokines and biomarkers of endothelial function. Insulin sensitivity correlated negatively with serum MMP-9 (r=−0.23, p=0.045). Our data show that young healthy subjects with positive family history of type 2 diabetes already demonstrate an increase in some nonclassical cardiovascular risk factors.

Mental Models of Cause and Inheritance for Type 2 Diabetes Among Unaffected Individuals Who Have a Positive Family History

2017 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 534-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Daack-Hirsch ◽  
Lisa L. Shah ◽  
Alyssa D. Cady
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Mental Models ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Familial Risk ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Lay Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

Using the familial risk perception (FRP) model as a framework, we elicited causal and inheritance explanations for type 2 diabetes (T2D) from people who do not have T2D but have a family history for it. We identified four composite mental models for cause of T2D: (a) purely genetic; (b) purely behavioral/environmental; (c) direct multifactorial, in which risk factors interact and over time directly lead to T2D; and (d) indirect multifactorial, in which risk factors interact and over time cause a precursor health condition (such as obesity or metabolic syndrome) that leads to T2D. Interestingly, participants described specific risk factors such as genetics, food habits, lifestyle, weight, and culture as “running in the family.” Our findings provide insight into lay beliefs about T2D that can be used by clinicians to anticipate or make sense of responses to questions they pose to patients about mental models for T2D.

scholarly journals A positive family history of hypertension might be associated with an accelerated onset of type 2 diabetes: Results from the National Center Diabetes Database (NCDD-02)

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 515-520 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ritsuko Yamamoto-Honda ◽  
Yoshihiko Takahashi ◽  
Yasumichi Mori ◽  
Shigeo Yamashita ◽  
Yoko Yoshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Family History ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension
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