scholarly journals Inhibition of Formalin Induced Paw Edema in Rats by Various Fractions/Extracts of Bryophyllum pinnatum

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
R. K. Gupta ◽  
M. Lohani ◽  
R. Vishwakarma
Keyword(s):  
Rat Model ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Marked Decrease ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Inflammatory Drug ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Bryophyllum Pinnatum

Traditionally, Bryophyllum pinnatum is used in the management of arthritis and inflammatory diseases. However, B. pinnatum has not been analysed previously for anti-inflammatory activity. Hence, this study is designed to determine the anti-inflammatory effects of various fractions of B. pinnatum leaf extract using rat model of formalin-induced paw edema. Treatment with various fractions showed marked decrease in formalin-induced paw volume and edema in rats. The results of BPAAF treatment were comparable to standard drug, diclofenac. These results indicate that B. pinnatum could be developed as ant-inflammatory drug after further studies.

scholarly journals ANTI-INFLAMMATORY PROPERTIES OF ZANTHOXYLUM OVALIFOLIUM WEIGHT METHANOLIC EXTRACT ON ALBINO WISTAR RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 274-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
PAVANI P ◽  
RAJA NAIKA
Keyword(s):  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Saline Group ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Group I ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: The object of the present study, the methanolic leaf extract of Zanthoxylum ovalifolium was examined for anti-inflammatory activity and tested using carrageenan-induced paw edema in albino Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: The rats were grouped into five, each group consisting of six animals, Group I (negative control) received 1 ml of saline, Group II (standard) received 10 mg/kg p. o. of indomethacin, and remaining three groups received three different doses (100, 200, and 400 mg/kg p. o.) of the methanolic leaf extract after 1 h 0.1 ml of 1% carrageenan injection. The result of anti-inflammatory activity was set up to be dose-dependent in the carrageenan-induced paw edema model. Results: The methanolic leaf extract has shown significant (p<0.001) inhibition of paw edema, 66%, 66.03%, and 69.29% on the 3rd h at the doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg, p. o., respectively. The results were expressed as the Mean±standard error of mean and statistical significance was analyzed by ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. The methanolic leaf of Z. ovalifolium extract showed significant anti-inflammatory activity compared with the standard drug indomethacin. Conclusion: Methanolic leaf extract of Z.ovalifolium showed excellent results in the anti-inflammatory experiment so, the plant can be explored as a potential medicine in suppressing inflammation.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Chrozophora rottleri Extracts on Carrageenan-Induced Rat Paw Edema

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 20-26
Author(s):  
Mallikarjuna Rao Talluri ◽  
Battu Ganga Rao ◽  
Y. Venkateswaea Rao
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw

The present study was intended to evaluate Anti-inflammatory activity ofC. rottleriextracts (Hydroalcoholic, Methanol, Ethyl acetate and Hexane). The Anti-inflammatory activity ofC.rottleriextracts at doses of 125mg/kg, 250mg/kg and 500mg/kg using carrageenan induced rat paw edema model compared with standard drug (Indomethacin). The selected plant extracts significantly inhibited paw edema along with the standard drug Indomethacin. Of all extracts, methanol extract produced significant effect on reduction of increased paw thickness, hydro alcoholic and ethyl acetate extracts produced moderate percentage inhibition and hexane extract produced low level of percentage inhibition in reducing paw edema on carrageenan induced rats. In all extracts, methanol extract at a dose of 500mg/kg showed more percentage inhibition i.e . 53.47±2.19. From the results obtained during the study it is concluded thatC. rottlerihaving the bioactive molecule responsible for Anti-inflammatory activity by individually or by combination of different bio-active compounds present in it. Further is necessary for isolation and characterization of bioactive molecules which are responsible for the selected plant biological activities.

scholarly journals Methanolic Extract of Leathery Murdah, Terminalia coriacea (Roxb.) Wight and Arn. Leaves Exhibits Anti-Inflammatory Activity in Acute and Chronic Models

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammed Safwan Ali Khan ◽  
Nishath Khatoon ◽  
Mohammad M. Al-Sanea ◽  
Mohamed Gamal Mahmoud ◽  
Hidayat Ur Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Test Dose ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Inflammatory Models ◽  
Cotton Pellet ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Granulomatous Tissue ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: The aim of the present study was to evaluate anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extract of Terminalia coriacea. Materials and Methods: A methanolic extract of T. coriacea leaves was studied in albino Wistar rats with carrageenan-induced paw edema, an acute model, and cotton pellet-induced granuloma, a chronic model, at 3 oral test doses (125, 250, and 500 mg/kg). Aspirin 100 mg/kg was used as a positive control. Paw volume and wet and dry weights of cotton pellets were determined. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparison test. Results: The test extract at doses of 125 and 250 mg/kg decreased paw volume and wet and dry weights of cotton pellets. The highest test dose (500 mg/kg) displayed a response comparable to that of the standard drug (p < 0.01) on paw volume. The extract produced similar (p < 0.05) decrease in wet weight of the cotton pellet at 125 and 250 mg/kg, whereas the effect of 500 mg/kg of the extract was comparable to that of aspirin 100 mg/kg (p < 0.01). The extract of T. coriacea at 500 mg/kg induced the most significant (p < 0.01) effect on wet weight of granulomatous tissue. Conclusion: The methanolic extract of T. coriacea leaves successfully decreased paw edema as well as dry and wet weights of granulomatous tissue in both acute and chronic inflammatory models thus confirming the anti- edematogenic, antitransudative, and antiproliferative properties of T. coriacea.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITIES OF ETHYL 2-(2-CYANO-3- (SUBSTITUTED PHENYL)ACRYLAMIDO)-4,5-DIMETHYLTHIOPHENE-3-CARBOXYLATES

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhavi K ◽  
Sree Ramya G
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Free Radical ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw

Objective: Objective of the study was to synthesize and evaluate a series of novel compounds, ethyl 2-(2-cyano-3-(substituted phenyl)acrylamido)- 4,5-dimethylthiophene-3-carboxylates, for in vitro antioxidant and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities.Methods: Ethyl 2-(2-cyano-3-(substituted phenyl)acrylamido)-4,5-dimethylthiophene-3-carboxylates were synthesized by knoevenagel condensation of active methylene group of ethyl 2-(2-cyanoacetamido)-4,5-dimethylthiophene-3-carboxylate with substituted benzaldehydes. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antioxidant properties in three different models, viz., reduction of 1,1-diphenyl-2-pycrylhydrazyl free radical, scavenging of nitric oxide free radical, and ferric ion-induced lipid peroxidation using rat brain homogenate. Few selected compounds with good antioxidant properties were pharmacologically evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model.Results: Clean and efficient synthetic procedure was used for the preparation of series of compounds. The structures of synthesized compounds were confirmed by infrared, 1H nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectra. The antioxidant activity data revealed that the compounds of ethyl 2-(2-cyano-3-(substituted phenyl)acrylamido)-4,5-dimethylthiophene-3-carboxylate containing phenolic substitution showed greater antioxidant activity. Hence, the active compounds were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity and found to possess good activity. The percentage inhibition of rat paw edema obtained for the evaluated compounds was in the range of 70.2-83.1, comparable to the standard drug diclofenac (85.0%).Conclusion: The use of inexpensive, eco-friendly and readily available reagents, easy work-up and high purity of products makes the procedure a convenient and robust method for the synthesis of title compounds. The compounds of ethyl 2-(2-cyano-3-(substituted phenyl)acrylamido)-4,5- dimethylthiophene-3-carboxylate containing phenolic substitution showed greater antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities.

scholarly journals DESIGN, SYNTHESIS, AND EVALUATION OF NEW DERIVATIVE OF 1,2,4-TRIAZOLES FOR ANTIMICROBIAL AND ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVITY

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhu C. Jalihal ◽  
Vaibhav Rajoriya ◽  
Varsha Kashaw
Keyword(s):  
Biological Evaluation ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Basic Medium ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Objective: The object of the study is to design, synthesize and biological evaluation of isoniazid derived 1,2,4-triazoles compounds.Methods: Isoniazid based 1,2,4-triazoles derivatives have been synthesized by reaction of Isoniazid with carbon disulfide in basic medium (KOH) to form Potassium dithiocarbazinate salt and reaction with hydrazine hydrate converted into 4-amino-5-(pyridin-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazole-3-thiol. These compounds were reacted with seven different benzaldehyde to form 4-[(substituted phenyl)-methylene]-amino-5-(pyridine-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazol-3-thiol (4). The final compounds were synthesized by reaction with four different acetanilide to form 4-[substituted phenyl)-methylene]-amino-3-(N-substitutedcarboxamidomethylthio)-5-(pyridine-4-yl)-4H-1,2,4-triazoles derivatives. All these compounds were characterized by IR, 1H-NMR, [13]C-NMR and elemental analysis. The antimicrobial activity was determined by the cup plate method. Acute anti-inflammatory activity determined by using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model.Results: Series PJ-A4, PJ-A7 and PJ-A13 showed more than 90% of the zone of inhibition against both Gram positive and Gram negative organisms. The antifungal study suggested that among synthesized compounds series PJ-A4, A7, A9, A11 and A13 showed more than 90% of zone of inhibition, A2, A10 and A12 shows more than 80% of the zone of inhibition. Anti-inflammatory study data indicate that compounds PJ-A4, PJ-A8, PJ-A9 and PJ-A13 produced 70 to 76% of paw edema inhibition compare to standard drug Ibuprofen which showed 83.3% after 5 h. Conclusion: Results suggested that the isoniazid based 1,2,4-triazole derivatives have significant antibacterial, antifungal and anti-inflammatory activity.

scholarly journals Stauntonia hexaphylla leaf extract (YRA-1909) suppresses inflammation by modulating Akt/NF-κB signaling in lipopolysaccharide-activated peritoneal macrophages and rodent models of inflammation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaeyong Kim ◽  
Gyuok Lee ◽  
Huwon Kang ◽  
Ji-Seok Yoo ◽  
Yongnam Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Vascular Diseases ◽  
Peritoneal Macrophages ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Inflammation is emerging as a key contributor to many vascular diseases and furthermore plays a major role in autoimmune diseases, arthritis, allergic reactions, and cancer. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS), which is a component constituting the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, is commonly used for an inflammatory stimuli to mimic inflammatory diseases. Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) is a transcription factor and regulates gene expression particularly related to the inflammatory process. Stauntonia hexaphylla (Lardizabalaceae) is widely used as a traditional herbal medicine for rheumatism and osteoporosis and as an analgesic, sedative, and diuretic in Korea, Japan, and China. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of YRA-1909, the leaf aqueous extract of Stauntonia hexaphylla using LPS-activated rat peritoneal macrophages and rodent inflammation models. Results: YRA-1909 inhibited the LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) and proinflammatory cytokine production in rat peritoneal macrophages without causing cytotoxicity and reduced inducible NO synthase and prostaglandin E2 levels without affecting the cyclooxygenase-2 expression. YRA-1909 also prevented the LPS-stimulated Akt and NF-κB phosphorylation and reduced the carrageenan-induced hind paw edema, xylene-induced ear edema, acetic acid-induced vascular permeation, and cotton pellet-induced granuloma formation in a dose-dependent manner in mice and rats. Conclusions: S. hexaphylla leaf extract YRA-1909 had anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo that involves modulation of Akt/NF-κB signaling. Thus, YRA-1909 is safe and effective for the treatment of inflammation.

scholarly journals TO SYNTHESIZE, CHARACTERIZATION AND PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF NOVEL SUBSTITUTED ISATIN DERIVATIVES

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
D B Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Bases ◽  
Picric Acid ◽  
Epileptic Seizures ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Edema Volume ◽  
Rat Paw Edema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw

Series of novel Schiff bases of Isatin the  equimolar amines and 5-Dicrboxymethyl (R=COO2Me) substituted isatins (1 mmol of each) were added to 96% w/w ethanol (20 mL) containing 8 drops of glacial acetic acid. The mixture was heated under reflux for 5 h and then cooled to room temperature. The resulting solid was collected by filtration, washed with cold ethanol and dried in open air. The derivatives thus prepared had sufficient analytical purity. anticonvulsant activity performed by method as Animals were weighed and numbered. Mice were divided into 7 groups of six animals each. Group 1 served as control which was treated with vehicle (2% v/v Tween 80), group 2 was treated with standard drug phenytoin (25 mg/kg, i.p.) and groups 3– 7 were treated with newly synthesized oxadiazole derivatives (25 mg/kg, i. p.). One hour after injection, the animals were subjected to electro shock through ear electrodes of 80 mA for 0.2 sec by electroconvulsiometer AND ANTI-inflammatory activity measured by Weigh the animals and number them. Mark the animals with picric acid for individual animal identification. Divide rats into 5 groups of 6 rats each. Note the initial paw volume of each rat by dipping just beyond tibio-tarsal junction by mercury displacement method. The pharmacological screening of the synthesized compounds showed anti convulsant activity ranging from 56.2 % to 76.3 % inhibition of epileptic seizures in mice, where as the standard drug Phenytoin showed 83.95 % inhibition of epileptic seizures in mice. The compound iiih4 from each group was found to be nearly potent to Phenytoin which is used as standard drug. Anti-inflammatory activity ranging from 31.09 to 63.11 % inhibition of rat paw edema volume after 3 hours, whereas the standard drug Indomethacin showed 62.06 % inhibition of rat paw edema volume after 4 hours.  The compound iiih3 was found to be nearly more potent then indomethacin which is used as standard drug Keywords: Isatin; Schiff bases; Anti convulsant activity; Anti-inflammatory activity; Isatin.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Characterization and Anti-inflammatory Activity of (2E)-3-(2-Bromo-6-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(naphthalene-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 561-564
Author(s):  
Dileep Kumar M. Guruswamy ◽  
Shankar Jayarama
Keyword(s):  
1H Nmr ◽  
13C Nmr ◽  
Stair Climbing ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Spectral Studies ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Edema Model ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

(2E)-3-(2-Bromo-6-hydroxy-4-methoxyphenyl)-1-(naphthalene-2-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (d1) was synthesized by the Claisen-Schmidt condensation method and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR spectral studies. The anti-inflammatory activity was conducted in Swiss albino rats for paw edema model. Edema was actuated with 1 % carrageenan to every one of the animals following 1 h of the oral medicines. Paw thickness was checked at t = 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 24 h. Stair climbing score and motility score were surveyed at t = 24 h. Compound d1 signicant decline in paw thickness at p < 0.001 diminished by 32 % in paw thickness. The compound d1 signicantly expanded the stair climbing and motility score. This study suggested that the compound d1 exhibits remarkable anti-inflammatory activity when compared with that of the standard drug.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Rhaphidophora pinnata (L.F) Schott Leaf Extract

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 487-490
Author(s):  
Sumaiyah Sumaiyah ◽  
Masfria Masfria ◽  
Aminah Dalimunthe
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Cancer Growth ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Paw Edema ◽  
Leaf Extracts ◽  
Carrageenan Injection ◽  
Albino Mice ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

BACKGROUND: Cancer growth is influenced by many factors and in general it is an interaction between gene factors and environmental factors, especially the microenvironment that exists around cancer. The inflammatory response plays a decisive role in various stages of cancer growth. AIM: The aim of this study was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of ethanol extract of Rhaphidophora pinnata leaves. METHODS: R. pinnata leaf extract was obtained by percolation method using 96% ethanol as the solvent at room temperature. Anti-inflammatory activity was determined based on the paw edema method. Thirty male albino mice were treated orally with sodium carboxyl cellulose suspension (as negative control group), R. pinnata leaf extract (35, 70, 140, and 280 mg/kgBW), and diclofenac (as positive control group), 60 min before 0.2 mL 1% carrageenan injection. The paw thickness was measured using plethysmometer before injecting the carrageenan and after 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6 h. RESULTS: The subplantar injection of carrageenan caused a time-dependent paw edema in the mice. Oral administration of R. pinnata leaf extract inhibited paw swelling at 1, 2, 3 4, 5, and 6 h after carrageenan injection. R. pinnata leaf extracts doses of 35, 70, 140, and 280 mg/kgBW gave a percentage inhibition of 56.56%, 56.18%, 62.77%, and 49.30%, respectively. The effective dose of R. pinnata leaf extract as an anti-inflammatory was 140 mg/kgBW. CONCLUSION: Ethanol extract of R. pinnata leaf has anti-inflammatory activity in male albino mice.

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