scholarly journals ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF CHOLESTEROL OXIDASE PRODUCING ACTINOMYCETES FROM EGYPTIAN SOIL FOR A LARGE SCALE FERMENTATION IN SUBMERGED CULTURES

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nayera A.M. Abdelwahed
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Cholesterol Oxidase ◽  
Submerged Cultures ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Egyptian Soil

scholarly journals Salmonella in Captive Reptiles and Their Environment—Can We Tame the Dragon?

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 1012
Author(s):  
Magdalena Zając ◽  
Magdalena Skarżyńska ◽  
Anna Lalak ◽  
Renata Kwit ◽  
Aleksandra Śmiałowska-Węglińska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Detection Rate ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Epidemiological Analysis ◽  
High Occurrence ◽  
Salmonella Serovars ◽  
Floor Surfaces

Reptiles are considered a reservoir of a variety of Salmonella (S.) serovars. Nevertheless, due to a lack of large-scale research, the importance of Reptilia as a Salmonella vector still remains not completely recognized. A total of 731 samples collected from reptiles and their environment were tested. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of Salmonella in exotic reptiles kept in Poland and to confirm Salmonella contamination of the environment after reptile exhibitions. The study included Salmonella isolation and identification, followed by epidemiological analysis of the antimicrobial resistance of the isolates. Implementation of a pathway additional to the standard Salmonella isolation protocol led to a 21% increase in the Salmonella serovars detection rate. The study showed a high occurrence of Salmonella, being the highest at 92.2% in snakes, followed by lizards (83.7%) and turtles (60.0%). The pathogen was also found in 81.2% of swabs taken from table and floor surfaces after reptile exhibitions and in two out of three egg samples. A total of 918 Salmonella strains belonging to 207 serovars and serological variants were obtained. We have noted the serovars considered important with respect to public health, i.e., S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, and S. Kentucky. The study proves that exotic reptiles in Poland are a relevant reservoir of Salmonella.

scholarly journals Lipid-lowering and anti-atherosclerotic activity of the natural original enzyme preparation in the experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
Irina V. Okunevich ◽  
Natalia N. Klyueva ◽  
Nina S. Parfenova ◽  
Elena V. Belova
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Enzyme Preparation ◽  
Cholesterol Oxidase ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Good Tolerability ◽  
Long Term Study ◽  
Microbial Enzyme ◽  
Low Toxicity

The experimental large-scale investigation in vitro and in vivo is devoted to the results of a long-term study of the biological, lipid-lowering and anti-atherosclerotic activity of the original natural microbial enzyme preparation of cholesterol oxidase (CHO). In chronic experiments (rats, rabbits, dogs), low toxicity, good tolerability, and anti-atherosclerotic activity of the CHO preparation were established. To assess the effect of CHO in conditions of moderate nutritional dyslipoproteinemia, experiments were carried out in 3 species of animals (rats, guinea pigs, rabbits). It was shown the pronounced lipid-lowering effect of CHO in modeling dyslipoproteinemia.

scholarly journals ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF FUNGI ASSOCIATED WITH COMPOSTING PROCESS OF MUNICIPAL BIOSOLID WASTE

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 763-770
Author(s):  
Pham Thi Thu Hang ◽  
Le Thi Quynh Tram ◽  
Tran Phuong Anh ◽  
Ho To Thi Khai Mui ◽  
Dang Nguyen Thao Vi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Degradation Process ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Fungal Strains ◽  
Composting Process ◽  
Rdna Sequences ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
18S Rdna Sequences ◽  
Living Organisms

Organic waste is gradually degraded during composting process, producing carbon dioxide, water, heat, and humus, the relatively stable end product. The degradation process is carried out by living organisms, of which fungi appear to have the most important role since they break down tough debris (cellulose, lignin, and other resistant materials), enabling other microorganisms to continue the decomposition process. The objective of this study was to isolate and identify the fungi associated with large scale municipal biosolid waste composting process in Vietnam. In this study, we have isolated 10 morphologically different fungal strains from the composting materials, and classified based on morphological characteristics and 18S rDNA sequences. The results showed that these fungal strains belonged to four different genera, including Aspergillus, Penicillium, Monascus, and Trichoderma. The results would be a useful reference for further studies of diversity, and functions of fungi that involved in municipal biosolid waste composting process in Vietnam environmental conditions.

scholarly journals Processing Technologies for Bee Products: An Overview of Recent Developments and Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuan Luo ◽  
Yating Dong ◽  
Chen Gu ◽  
Xueli Zhang ◽  
Haile Ma
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Royal Jelly ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Fluidized Bed Drying ◽  
Accelerated Studies ◽  
New Processing ◽  
Processing Techniques

Increased demand for a more balanced, healthy, and safe diet has accelerated studies on natural bee products (including honey, bee bread, bee collected pollen royal jelly, propolis, beeswax, and bee venom) over the past decade. Advanced food processing techniques, such as ultrasonication and microwave and infrared (IR) irradiation, either has gained popularity as alternatives or combined with conventional processing techniques for diverse applications in apiculture products at laboratory or industrial scale. The processing techniques used for each bee products have comprehensively summarized in this review, including drying (traditional drying, infrared drying, microwave-assisted traditional drying or vacuum drying, and low temperature high velocity-assisted fluidized bed drying), storage, extraction, isolation, and identification; the assessment methods related to the quality control of bee products are also fully mentioned. The different processing techniques applied in bee products aim to provide more healthy active ingredients largely and effectively. Furthermore, improved the product quality with a shorter processing time and reduced operational cost are achieved using conventional or emerging processing techniques. This review will increase the positive ratings of the combined new processing techniques according to the needs of the bee products. The importance of the models for process optimization on a large scale is also emphasized in the future.

scholarly journals New terpenoids from the fermentation broth of the edible mushroom Cyclocybe aegerita

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 1000-1007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Surup ◽  
Florian Hennicke ◽  
Nadine Sella ◽  
Maria Stroot ◽  
Steffen Bernecker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fermentation Broth ◽  
Model Organism ◽  
Gene Clusters ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Coupling Constants ◽  
Preparative Hplc ◽  
Fruiting Body Formation ◽  
Submerged Cultures ◽  
Metabolite Profiles

The strophariaceous basidiomycete Cyclocybe aegerita (synonyms Agrocybe aegerita and A. cylindracea) is one of the most praised cultivated edible mushrooms and is being cultivated at large scale for food production. Furthermore, the fungus serves as a model organism to study fruiting body formation and the production of secondary metabolites during the life cycle of Basidiomycota. By studying the secondary metabolite profiles of C. aegerita, we found several terpenoids in submerged cultures. Aside from the main metabolite, bovistol (1), two new bovistol derivatives B and C (2, 3) and pasteurestin C as a new protoilludane (4) were isolated by preparative HPLC. Their structures were elucidated by mass spectrometry and NMR spectroscopy. The relative configurations of 2–4 were assigned by ROESY correlations, and 3 J H,H coupling constants in the case of 4. Applying quantitative PCR for gene expression validation, we linked the production of bovistol and its derivatives to the respective biosynthesis gene clusters.

scholarly journals Studies on microscopic technique and culture on Sabouraud's dextrose agar medium for diagnosis of dermatophytes infection

KYAMC Journal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Abul Abul Hossain Khan ◽  
S M Atique Hasan Khan ◽  
Mahbub Rashid Sarker ◽  
Rubiyat Farzana Hussain ◽  
Mejbah Uddin Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Microscopic Technique ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Important Public Health Problem ◽  
Identification Rate ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Microscopic Demonstration ◽  
Life Threatening

Dermatophytoses (a fungal infection of the skin, hair and nail, usually caused by dermatophytes) constitutes an important public health problem because of its high prevalence and associated morbidity but not life-threatening. Three genera of dermatophytes are recognized based on the site and pattern of fungal invasion. Dermatophytes are the predominant pathogenic mould, but yeasts (especially Candida albicans) and non-dermatophytic moulds may also be implicated. For accurate diagnosis of dermatophytoses requires microscopic demonstration and isolation and identification by culture. This study evaluates the usefulness of microscopic technique and culture for the isolation and identification of dermatophytes from clinical samples. Thirty samples were included in this study for detection of fungal elements by both methods but sensitivity of microscopic demonstration and culture were 60.0% and 66.7% respectively. As the sensitivity of microscopic demonstration (60.0%) is almost equal to the isolation and identification rate (66.7%), requires further evaluation in large scale as its ready to use format makes the application and microscopy much easier and faster.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/kyamcj.v3i1.13658 KYAMC Journal Vol. 3, No.-1, June 2012 pp.235-238

scholarly journals Enlightening the taxonomy darkness of human gut microbiomes with a cultured biobank

Microbiome ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Meng-Xuan Du ◽  
Rexiding Abuduaini ◽  
Hai-Ying Yu ◽  
Dan-Hua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Human Microbiome Project ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Culture Collections

Abstract Background In gut microbiome studies, the cultured gut microbial resource plays essential roles, such as helping to unravel gut microbial functions and host-microbe interactions. Although several major studies have been performed to elucidate the cultured human gut microbiota, up to 70% of the Unified Human Gastrointestinal Genome species have not been cultured to date. Large-scale gut microbial isolation and identification as well as availability to the public are imperative for gut microbial studies and further characterizing human gut microbial functions. Results In this study, we constructed a human Gut Microbial Biobank (hGMB; homepage: hgmb.nmdc.cn) through the cultivation of 10,558 isolates from 31 sample mixtures of 239 fresh fecal samples from healthy Chinese volunteers, and deposited 1170 strains representing 400 different species in culture collections of the International Depository Authority for long-term preservation and public access worldwide. Following the rules of the International Code of Nomenclature of Prokaryotes, 102 new species were characterized and denominated, while 28 new genera and 3 new families were proposed. hGMB represented over 80% of the common and dominant human gut microbial genera and species characterized from global human gut 16S rRNA gene amplicon data (n = 11,647) and cultured 24 “most-wanted” and “medium priority” taxa proposed by the Human Microbiome Project. We in total sequenced 115 genomes representing 102 novel taxa and 13 previously known species. Further in silico analysis revealed that the newly sequenced hGMB genomes represented 22 previously uncultured species in the Unified Human Gastrointestinal Genome (UHGG) and contributed 24 representatives of potentially “dark taxa” that had not been discovered by UHGG. The nonredundant gene catalogs generated from the hGMB genomes covered over 50% of the functionally known genes (KEGG orthologs) in the largest global human gut gene catalogs and approximately 10% of the “most wanted” functionally unknown proteins in the FUnkFams database. Conclusions A publicly accessible human Gut Microbial Biobank (hGMB) was established that contained 1170 strains and represents 400 human gut microbial species. hGMB expands the gut microbial resources and genomic repository by adding 102 novel species, 28 new genera, 3 new families, and 115 new genomes of human gut microbes.

scholarly journals Enlightening the Taxonomy Darkness of Human Gut Microbiomes With Cultured Biobank

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Liu ◽  
Meng-Xuan Du ◽  
Rexiding Abuduaini ◽  
Hai-Ying Yu ◽  
Dan-Hua Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Human Microbiome ◽  
Human Microbiome Project ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Gut Microbes

Abstract Background The cultivated gut microbial resource plays essential role in gut microbiome studies such as gut microbial function and their interactions with host. Though several major studies had been performed to understand the cultured human gut microbiota, up to 70% of the Unified Human Gastrointestinal Genome species remain uncultivated and their taxonomy is not clear. Large-scale gut microbial isolation and identification and their access to pubic are imperative for gut microbial studies and for understanding of the human gut microbial functions.Results Here, we report the construction of an human Gut Microbial Biobank (hGMB) (homepage: hgmb.nmdc.cn) by large-scale cultivation of 10,558 isolates from 239 feces of healthy Chinese volunteers, and deposited 1,170 strains representing 404 different species in International Depository Authority for long-term preservation and public access worldwidely. We discovered and denominated 107 new species, and proposed 28 new genera and 3 new families. The new species and their newly sequenced genomes uncovered 16 “most-wanted” or “medium priority” taxa proposed by the Human Microbiome Project and 42 previously-uncultured MAGs in IGGdb, respectively. The hGMB represented over 80% of the common and dominant human gut microbial genera or species of global human gut 16S rRNA gene amplicon data (n=11,647), and covered 70% of the known genes (KEGG Orthologys) and 10% of the functionally-unknown genes in the global human gut gene catalogs. Conclusions A publically accessible human Gut Microbial Biobank (hGMB) that contains 1,170 strains and represents 404 human gut microbial speces is estabolished. The hGMB expands the currently known, taxonomically-characterized gut microbial resources and genomic repository by adding 107 new species and 115 new genomes of human gut microbes. Based on the newly discovered species in this study, 28 new genera and 3 new families of human gut microbes were identified and proposed.

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