Global History as a Newest Trend of the Social Humanities

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Iryna Kolesnyk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Global History ◽  
The Social

From Universal History to Transregional Perspectives: The Challenge of the Cultural and Spatial Turn to World and Global History in the 1970s and Today

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-264
Author(s):  
Matthias Middell
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Political Geography ◽  
World History ◽  
Anglo Saxon ◽  
Global History ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Spatial Turn ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Universal History ◽  
The Social

The article reconstructs the development of global history since the crisis of universal history in the 1970s, which under the weight of poststructuralist arguments had almost brought world history writing to a standstill. In contrast, the new approach, now labelled global history, which had taken up many of the suggestions of the cultural and spatial turn and coincided with the social interest in global connectivity, developed into an extraordinarily attractive form of historiography. Since the mid-2010s, however, criticism has been on the rise again, pointing to an inherent ideological globalism and a problematic narrowing towards an Anglo-Saxon model of globalization. However, this is countered by new approaches that once again recall the fruitful dialogue with cultural history, political geography, and area studies.

‘Born in the corridors of the OECD’: the forgotten origins of the Club of Rome, transnational networks, and the 1970s in global history

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Schmelzer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental History ◽  
Social History ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Transnational Networks ◽  
Global History ◽  
Limits To Growth ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Post War ◽  
Club Of Rome

AbstractThis article re-examines a contested chapter in the international and environmental history of the 1970s. Even though largely neglected by historical research and in the public memory, the Club of Rome – widely remembered for its 1972 report The limits to growth – was not only born within the OECD, but was also in its early period strongly influenced by debates within this think tank of the industrialized countries. Using previously overlooked sources, this article analyses this highly unlikely OECD–Club of Rome nexus. It not only offers a privileged view into the social history of international policy-making and the related personal entanglements and ideological transfers at a key moment of post-war history. It also demonstrates that the social, intellectual, and economic turmoil of the late 1960s prompted a rethinking of the economic growth paradigm, even within those technocratic institutions that had aspired to guide the post-war industrial growth regime. The article argues that these links are not only vital for our understanding of the relationship between acquisitive growth capitalism and environmentalism, but also enable a more profound understanding of the role of transnational networks in global history and the appreciation of the place of the 1970s in world history.

Introduction

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew P. Llewellyn ◽  
John Gleaves
Keyword(s):  
Middle Class ◽  
Olympic Games ◽  
Ancient Greece ◽  
Global History ◽  
Working Classes ◽  
Victorian Britain ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

This introductory chapter sets out the book's purpose, which is to present a richly contextualized global history of the role of Olympic amateurism, from Coubertin's Olympic revival in 1894 through the presidency of Juan Antonio Samaranch and the advent of open professionalism during the late 1980s and 1990s. The social origins of amateurism sprung to life not from ancient Greece, but from Victorian Britain, where an upper-middle-class desire to set themselves apart from the perceived morally corrupt working classes employed amateurism as a legitimating ideology for elitist sporting preserves. The participatory and universal growth of the Olympic Games in the ensuing decades precipitated the emergence of political and commercial forces within the Olympic arena. The encroachment of governments eager to exploit the games for propaganda rewards, as well as commercial interests seeking to peddle products stamped with Olympic insignia, sullied the avowed sanctity of Olympic amateurism.

scholarly journals The Jesuits and Slavery

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Adam Rothman
Keyword(s):  
Social History ◽  
Society Of Jesus ◽  
Global History ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Abstract Despite extensive historiography, most people are not aware that the Society of Jesus owned people. Even Jesuit historiography sometimes neglects that complicated history. The historiography of slavery, however, has long tapped into Jesuit sources and produced a rich scholarship on Jesuit debates over slavery and their slaveholding practices across the Americas. This essay places Jesuit slaveholding in the context of the Jesuits’ global history and argues that genealogical research and calls for reconciliation provide an opportunity to renew and reorient scholarship towards the social history of the people owned by the Jesuits.

Of History and Biography

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Neguin Yavari
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Specific Role ◽  
Global History ◽  
New Model ◽  
Islamic Tradition ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Relationship

Is there an essentially “Islamic” tradition of biographical writing? To put this to the test, the chapter focuses on the roughly contemporaneous medieval biographies, by Einhard (d. 840) and Ibn ‘Abd al-Hakam (d. 829)—both secular firsts—of two non-contemporary rulers: Charlemagne (r. 768-814) and ‘Umar b. ‘Abd al-‘Aziz (r. 717-20). Accounting for similarities or differences in both style and content of biographical writings in different historical milieus induces a new understanding of the relationship between text and context, and offers new modes of reading. A more complex ancillary of this revision is a fresh look at exchange, transmission or crosspollination to explain instances of convergence between alien texts. The distant objective is a new model for global history that has the conceptual arsenal to explain what specific role representations play in the history of the social order.

From Comparative Sociology to Global History: Britain and India in the Pre-History of Modernity

1997 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 410-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Washbrook
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Cotton Textile ◽  
Global History ◽  
The West ◽  
Comparative Sociology ◽  
Global Context ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Opening Up

AbstractThe concept of Modernity is presently very problematic in the social sciences. Included in those problems is a tendency to hypostasise ‘the West’ as possessed of an originary and authentic culture and history, which distinguished it absolutely from all Other and Traditional cultures and histories. These distinctive qualities laid a unique pathway to Modernity, which subsequently became ‘universally’ available to the rest of the world. This paper explores historical conditions in Britain and India at one of the key moments of Modernity's ‘emergence’: the mechanisation of cotton textile manufacturing. It argues that Britain's modernisation is inconceivable except in a broader global context of which India already comprised a vital part. And, reciprocally, that India's role in the construction of Britain's Modernity, so far from opening up possibilities of it following the same course itself, conveyed imperatives which took its society towards a reverse process of ‘Traditionalisation.’

scholarly journals Commodity frontiers and the transformation of the global countryside: a research agenda

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Sven Beckert ◽  
Ulbe Bosma ◽  
Mindi Schneider ◽  
Eric Vanhaute
Keyword(s):  
World Economy ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Global History ◽  
History Of Capitalism ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
Capitalist World Economy ◽  
Capitalist World

Abstract Over the past 600 years, commodity frontiers – processes and sites of the incorporation of resources into the expanding capitalist world economy – have absorbed ever more land, ever more labour and ever more natural assets. In this paper, we claim that studying the global history of capitalism through the lens of commodity frontiers and using commodity regimes as an analytical framework is crucial to understanding the origins and nature of capitalism, and thus the modern world. We argue that commodity frontiers identify capitalism as a process rooted in a profound restructuring of the countryside and nature. They connect processes of extraction and exchange with degradation, adaptation and resistance in rural peripheries. To account for the enormous variety of actors and places involved in this history is a critical challenge in the social sciences, and one to which global history can contribute crucial insights.

The Social Origins and Provenance of the English Bishops during the Reign of Edward II

1959 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 51-79
Author(s):  
K. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Early Career ◽  
The Political ◽  
Social Origins ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Edward Ii ◽  
The Social ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
History Of

During the last twenty or twenty-five years medieval historians have been much interested in the composition of the English episcopate. A number of studies of it have been published on periods ranging from the eleventh to the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries. A further paper might well seem superfluous. My reason for offering one is that most previous writers have concentrated on analysing the professional circles from which the bishops were drawn, and suggesting the influences which their early careers as royal clerks, university masters and students, secular or regular clergy, may have had on their later work as bishops. They have shown comparatively little interest in their social background and provenance, except for those bishops who belonged to magnate families. Some years ago, when working on the political activities of Edward II's bishops, it seemed to me that social origins, family connexions and provenance might in a number of cases have had at least as much influence on a bishop's attitude to politics as his early career. I there fore collected information about the origins and provenance of these bishops. I now think that a rather more careful and complete study of this subject might throw further light not only on the political history of the reign, but on other problems connected with the character and work of the English episcopate. There is a general impression that in England in the later middle ages the bishops' ties with their dioceses were becoming less close, and that they were normally spending less time in diocesan work than their predecessors in the thirteenth century.

Social transmission bias and the cultural evolution of folk-economic beliefs

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Hirshleifer ◽  
Siew Hong Teoh
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Evolution ◽  
Social Transmission ◽  
Cognitive Approach ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Economic Attitudes ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Beliefs ◽  
Over Time

AbstractEvolved dispositions influence, but do not determine, how people think about economic problems. The evolutionary cognitive approach offers important insights but underweights the social transmission of ideas as a level of explanation. The need for asocialexplanation for the evolution of economic attitudes is evidenced, for example, by immense variations in folk-economic beliefs over time and across individuals.

Individual differences, social attention, and the history of the social motivation hypotheses of autism

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter C. Mundy
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Early Development ◽  
Emotional Development ◽  
Social Motivation ◽  
Social Attention ◽  
Social Emotional Development ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Precise Understanding ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of

Abstract The stereotype of people with autism as unresponsive or uninterested in other people was prominent in the 1980s. However, this view of autism has steadily given way to recognition of important individual differences in the social-emotional development of affected people and a more precise understanding of the possible role social motivation has in their early development.

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